[初中]全新英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法16-9 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

用一個(gè)句子作狀語(yǔ)，這個(gè)句子就是狀語(yǔ)從句。狀語(yǔ)從句通常用來(lái)修飾句子、動(dòng)詞或形容詞，表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、原因、目的、結(jié)果、方式、比較等。引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞叫從屬連詞。

16-9 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

在句中相當(dāng)于讓步狀語(yǔ)的從句叫讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞有although，though，even if，even though，whatever，however，whoever，wherever，whenever，no matter what，no matter how，no matter who，no matter where，no matter when等。

（1）although和though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句同義，意為“雖然；盡管”；although和though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句大都放在主句前，但也可以放在主句后。如：

Although/Though they are poor，they are happy.雖然他們很窮，但很快樂(lè)。

Though he is very old，he works hard.盡管他老了，但仍努力工作。

注意：

①英語(yǔ)中表示“雖然”的連詞although和though不能與表示“但是”的連詞 but 連用，但可以與yet或 still 等副詞連用。如：

[誤] Though it was raining，but he went there.雖然當(dāng)時(shí)正下著雨，但他還是到那里去了。

[正] Though it was raining，he went there.雖然當(dāng)時(shí)正下著雨，但他還是到那里去了。

[正] It was raining，but he went there.雖然當(dāng)時(shí)正下著雨，但他還是到那里去了。

[正] Though it was raining，yet he went there.雖然當(dāng)時(shí)正下著雨，但他還是到那里去了。

②although和though在多數(shù)情況下可以通用，但和even連用時(shí)用though而不用although，這里的even though=even if，意思是“即使……也……”。如：

Even though we could afford it，we wouldn't go abroad for our vocation.即使我們付得起這筆錢，也不出國(guó)度假。

③當(dāng)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句指某種假設(shè)情況時(shí)，通常用though，而不用although。如：

Though all the world were against me，I should still hold to my opinion.就算全世界都反對(duì)我，我還是堅(jiān)持我的立場(chǎng)。

④though可以獨(dú)立用作副詞，放在句末，意為“還是；仍然；可是；然而”，although沒(méi)有這樣的用法。如：

It's hard work.I enjoy it，though.工作很苦，可是我喜歡。

⑤though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可以倒裝，而although從句則不能。如：

Bravely though they fought，they had no chance of winning.雖然他們打得很勇敢，但還是沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)獲勝。

（2）even if，even though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句意為“即使”，多數(shù)情況下二者也可通用。如：

I'll go even if/though it snows.即使下雪我也要去。

Even though/if you say so，I do not believe it.即使你這么說(shuō)，我也不信。

注意：

even though和even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的細(xì)微區(qū)別是，even if 引導(dǎo)的從句往往是假設(shè)性的，相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)的“即使”“縱然”“就算”“哪怕”；even though 引導(dǎo)的從句內(nèi)容往往是真實(shí)的，主要用于引出不利于主句情況的信息，相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)的“盡管”“雖然”。如：

Even if it rains tomorrow，we won't change our plan.即使明天下雨，我們也決不改變計(jì)劃。

They'll stand by you even if you don't succeed.即使你不成功，他們也會(huì)支持你。

Even though it's hard work，I enjoy it.雖然工作艱苦，我還是很喜歡。

He went out even though it was raining.盡管在下雨，他還是出去了。

（3）whatever，no matter what引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句意為“無(wú)論什么”。如：

I will give you whatever you want.無(wú)論你要什么我都會(huì)給你。

No matter what happens，I'll stand by you.不管發(fā)生什么事，我都支持你。

（4）however，no matter how引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句意為“無(wú)論怎樣；不管怎樣”。如：

However tired you may be，you must do it today.不管多么累，你都必須今天做。

No matter how hard it is，don't give up.不管有多大困難，不要放棄。

（5）whoever，no matter who引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句意為“無(wú)論是誰(shuí)”。如：

I'll take whoever wants to go.誰(shuí)想去我就帶誰(shuí)去。

You can't go，whoever you are.不管你是誰(shuí)，你都不能走。

No matter who you are，you must obey the rules.無(wú)論你是誰(shuí)，你必須遵守制度。

（6）wherever，no matter where引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句意為“無(wú)論在哪里”。如：

Wherever you go，I will be right here waiting for you.無(wú)論你去哪里，我就在這兒等你。

Wherever you drive，you should obey the traffic rules.無(wú)論你在哪里開(kāi)車，都應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守交通規(guī)則。

No matter where you go，never forget that you're a Chinese.無(wú)論走到哪里，都不要忘了你是個(gè)中國(guó)人。

（7）whenever，no matter when引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句意為“無(wú)論什么時(shí)候”。如：

Whenever I am in trouble，my best friend Li Lei always helps me.無(wú)論什么時(shí)候我有困難，我最好的朋友李雷總是幫助我。

No matter when you come back，don't wake me up.不管你什么時(shí)候回來(lái)，都不要吵醒我。

【中考速遞】

1.[上海中考考題] _____ Mike didn't win the race，he was still wearing a smile on his face.

A.If B.Since C.Although D.Because

2.[寧夏中考考題] — When will he come？

— When _____，I'll let you know.

A.does he come B.he comes

C.will he come D.he will come

3.[湖北黃岡中考考題] — Mike，what were your parents doing at 8：00 last night？

— My mother was reading _____ my father was playing computer games.

A.while B.when C.unless D.as long as

4.[黑龍江齊齊哈爾中考考題] _____ they were quite tired，_____ they continued working.

A.Though，/ B.Although，but C.Because，so

5.[天津中考考題] _____ the dinner was all over，everyone helped wash the dishes.

A.How B.When C.Before D.Why

6.[安徽中考考題] — What do you think of your Junior Middle School life？

— I think it is colourful，_____ I am always busy.

A.if B.though C.while D.until

【答案點(diǎn)撥】

1.答案：C 句意：盡管邁克沒(méi)有贏得比賽，但他臉上仍然帶著笑容。由句意可知，表示“盡管”用although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，故選C。

2.答案：B 句意：“他什么時(shí)候來(lái)？”“當(dāng)他來(lái)的時(shí)候，我就告訴你?！眞hen引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，故選B。

3.答案：A 句意：“邁克，8點(diǎn)時(shí)你父母在做什么？”“我媽媽在讀書(shū)，而我爸爸在玩電腦游戲?！庇烧Z(yǔ)法while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用進(jìn)行時(shí)可知選A。

4.答案：A 句意：雖然他們相當(dāng)累，但是他們還繼續(xù)工作。根據(jù)主句和從句的關(guān)系可知是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，although和but不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)。故選A。

5.答案：B 句意：當(dāng)晚餐結(jié)束時(shí)，每個(gè)人都幫忙洗碗。表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”用when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，選B。

6.答案：B 句意：“你覺(jué)得你的初中生活怎樣？”“盡管我一直很忙，但我還是認(rèn)為豐富多彩。”表示“盡管”用though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。故選B。

【語(yǔ)法專練 體驗(yàn)中考】

1.[江蘇南京] You'd better travel around Nanjing with a local tour guide _____ you want to know more about its culture.

A.unless B.until C.although D.if

2.[浙江杭州] We didn't enjoy the day _____ the weather was so bad.

A.because B.though C.unless D.till

3.[山東泰安] — Would you please give this newly-published novel to Jack？

— Certainly，_____ he comes back.

A.before B.as soon as C.until D.unless

4.[重慶考題] Julie didn't leave office _____ the police arrived.

A.however B.whenever C.while D.until

5.[江西考題] There will be less pollution _____ more people use public transportation.

A.but B.though C.unless D.if

6.[四川雅安] If Nick _____ home too late，he _____ his favourite cartoon.

A.gets；misses B.gets；will miss

C.will get；misses D.will get；will miss

7.[四川樂(lè)山] Lily was _____ hungry _____ she ate three hamburgers in one go.

A.too；to B.so；that C.enough；that

8.[江蘇常州] — Jenny，will you leave for the USA now？

— No.It will be two weeks _____ I leave here.

A.until B.since C.before D.when

9.[湖北荊州] — Where was your dad at this time last night？

— He was talking with my uncle _____ I was looking for some information on the Internet.

A.after B.until C.since D.while

10.[山東濟(jì)南] — Did you watch the soccer game last night？Our school team won the game in the last minute！

— Yes.I was _____ excited _____ I could not fall asleep.

A.as；as B.so；as C.too；to D.so；that

11.[山東淄博] We will have a picnic _____ it doesn't rain tomorrow.

A.though B.unless C.until D.if

12.[黑龍江齊齊哈爾] Don't come into the office _____ you are allowed.

A.if B.when C.until

13.[山東濟(jì)寧] We have been expecting Rio 2016 Olympics _____ the Olympic flame （圣火）was lit.

A.if B.unless C.since D.though

14.[山東威海] I looked through my test paper again and again _____ I wouldn't make any mistakes.

A.so B.because C.so that

15.[湖北隨州] — I really want to join the square dance.Can I learn the dance well？

— Yes，Mom！Nothing is impossible _____ you put your heart into it！

A.as long as B.as soon as C.even if D.unless

【答案速遞】

1.D 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.D 11.D 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.A