高考英語定語從句考點(diǎn)

　　一、考查關(guān)系代詞that和 which的區(qū)別

　　1.Finally ，the thief handed everything _____ he had stolen to the police.(MET'87)

　　A.which B.what C.whatever D.that

　　2.All _____ is needed is a supply of oil.(MET'89)

　　A.the thing B.that C.what D.which

　　答案及簡析：

　　1.D。2.B。that和which都能指物，在定語從句中作主語或賓語，但下列情況下，常用that，不用which：①先行詞是all， everything，anything，nothing等不定代詞。②先行詞指物且被形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞或all，no，only，the very，the last等修飾。③先行詞既指人又指物。

　　二、考查關(guān)系代詞whose

　　3.A child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan.(MET'86)

　　A.which B.his C.whose D.with

　　答案及簡析：

　　3.C。關(guān)系代詞whose在定語從句中作定語，修飾其后的名詞，意為“……的”。有時(shí)“whose +n.”可轉(zhuǎn)換為“n.+of+which /whom”。如：

　　The building whose roof(=the roof of which)we can see from here is a hotel.

　　This kind of book is for the students whose native language(=the native language of whom)isn't English.

　　三、考查關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的差異

　　4.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _____ he grew up as a child.(NMET'96)

　　A.which B.where C.that D.when

　　5.I also enjoyed the evenings when we spent together.(NMET'95短文改錯(cuò))

　　答案及簡析：

　　4.B。5.去掉when或when→that/which。如何選用關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞呢?關(guān)鍵是看先行詞在定語從句中作什么成分。決不能只按先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞就用 where，先行詞是時(shí)間名詞就用when，先行詞是reason就用why。有時(shí)，命題者還會(huì)在先行詞與引導(dǎo)詞之間加入附加成分，影響考生正常解題思路，做題時(shí)，要特別注意。

　　四、考查“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”

　　6.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows， most of _____ hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.(MET'90)

　　A.these B.those C.that D.which

　　答案及簡析：

　　6.D。“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句，關(guān)系代詞一般只有which，whom。先行詞是物時(shí)，用which，先行詞是人時(shí)，用whom。介詞的選定一般依據(jù)下列三點(diǎn)：①看定語從句中的形容詞與哪一個(gè)介詞組成固定搭配②看先行詞與哪一個(gè)介詞組成習(xí)慣搭配③看定語從句中的動(dòng)詞與哪一個(gè)介詞組成習(xí)慣搭配。

　　五、考查非限制性定語從句與限制性定語從句的區(qū)別

　　7.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play，_____ ，of course，made the others unhappy.(NMET2000)

　　A.who B.which C.this D.what

　　8.I shall never forget those years _____ I lived in the country with the farmers，_____ has a great effect on my life.(上海94)

　　A.that;which B.when;which C.which;that D.when;who

　　答案及簡析：7.B。8.B。原因見本期第2面。

　　六、考查as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句

　　9._____ is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month.(NMET2001)

　　A.It B.As C.That D.What

　　答案及簡析：

　　9.B。as，which均可用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，代替整個(gè)主句，但as引出的從句可放在句首、句中或句末，which引出的從句通常只能放在主句后面。