托福閱讀高難度文章長難句實例解析：打破貴族對選舉的束縛

　　原句案例：

　　The first steps toward change were taken by Solon in 594 B.C., when he broke the aristocracy’s stranglehold on elected offices by establishing wealth rather than birth as the basis of office holding, abolishing the economic obligations of ordinary Athenians to the aristocracy, and allowing the assembly (of whichall citizens were equal members) to overrule the decisions of local courts in certain cases.

　　詞匯講解：

　　aristocracy /?ær?'st?kr?s?/ n. 貴族階級，貴族

　　stranglehold /'stræ?ɡlh?uld/ n. 扼制，壓制，束縛

　　abolish /?'b?l??/ v. 廢除，廢止

　　obligation /?bl?'ge??(?)n/ n. 義務，職責

　　assembly /?'sembl?/ n. 集合，集會;裝配，安裝

　　overrule /??v?'ru?l/ v. 否決，駁回

　　結構劃分：

　　The first steps toward change were taken by Solon in 594 B.C., (when he broke the aristocracy’s stranglehold on elected offices) (by establishing wealth rather than birth as the basis of office holding, abolishing the economic obligations of ordinary Athenians to the aristocracy, and allowing the assembly (of which all citizens were equal members) to overrule the decisions of local courts in certain cases.)

　　深度分析：

　　這個句子的主干就是：

　　The first steps toward change were taken by Solon in 594 B.C.

　　修飾一：(when he broke the aristocracy’s stranglehold on elected offices) ，從句

　　中文：當他打破了貴族對于選舉的束縛。

　　修飾二：(by establishing wealth rather than birth as the basis of office holding, abolishing the economic obligations of ordinary Athenians to the aristocracy, and allowing the assembly (of whichall citizens were equal members) to overrule the decisions of local courts incertain cases.)，介詞短語

　　這個修飾成分比較復雜，介詞后面接了三個并列的非謂語動詞：

　　1：establishing wealth rather than birth as the basis of office holding

　　2：abolishing the economicobligations of ordinary Athenians to the aristocracy

　　3：allowing the assembly (of which all citizens were equal members) to overrule the decisions of local courts in certain cases.

　　其中第3個非謂語動詞中還有一個從句：

　　of which all citizens were equal members

　　三個并列的非謂語動詞中文如下：

　　1：確定財富而不是出身作為任職的基礎

　　2：廢除了普通雅典民眾對貴族的經(jīng)濟義務

　　3：并且允許大會(所有公民都是平等的成員)在一些情況下否決當?shù)胤ㄔ旱臎Q定

　　中文：他通過確定財富而不是出身作為任職的基礎、廢除了普通雅典民眾對貴族的經(jīng)濟義務并且允許大會(所有公民都是平等的成員)在一些情況下否決當?shù)胤ㄔ旱臎Q定

　　參考翻譯：

　　改變的第一步是在公元前594年由Solon發(fā)起的，那時候他通過確定財富而不是出身作為任職的基礎、廢除了普通雅典民眾對貴族的經(jīng)濟義務并且允許大會(所有公民都是平等的成員)在一些情況下否決當?shù)胤ㄔ旱臎Q定，打破了貴族對于選舉的束縛。

　　以上就是托福閱讀中長難句的訓練分析介紹，希望大家能夠學到有效的訓練和提升方法，讓自己更為輕松地面對長難句得到高分。