托福聽力考試中對語法的考察點

一.But引導(dǎo)的題型。基本每一套托福聽力題中都會有幾道這樣的題型，解題關(guān)鍵是聽懂but 后面的東西。but就是一個標(biāo)志，聽見but就該集中注意了，集中注意問題也就解決了。試看幾例：

1.) A: Does this music bother your studying, Pam?

B: Actually I’m not studying any more, but I’m trying to sleep.

2.) A: Gee, Tom, I hear that you are working as a house painter this summer. It’s got to be awfully hot working up there on a ladder in the blazing sun all day.

B: Well, it’s hard work, but I get to be outdoors and the pay is decent.

3.) A:I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.

B:I know what you mean. But check out the cost of renting an apartment first, I wouldn’t be surprised if you changed your mind.

二.回答一般疑問句題型。一般疑問句在英文中又被叫作Yes or No question，這是因為對這類問題的回答只有兩種可能性，要么是yes, 要么是no, 此外別無選擇。在實際做托福聽力題時，此類題型的解題方法就是如果你聽不懂第二個人說的話，你就按照否定第一人的問題去回答，于是你就會得到正確的答案。

A: I need to see a dermatologist. You are familiar with Dr. Smith. Do you recommend her?

B: I have been seen by her a few times, and the best I can say for her is she has some interesting magazines in her waiting room.

這種題型還可以進(jìn)一步推廣，即當(dāng)?shù)谝蝗顺苏f一個一般疑問句之外，還可以說出一個觀點，一個建議，如果第二人說的話，你還是覺得不識廬山真面目時，不妨也采用這樣的做題方法。

此類題型的例句舉不勝舉，再看幾例：

1.) Did you meet the new teacher yesterday?

I’ve been sick for 3 days.

2.) Have you read this month’s issue of Inquiry?

What journal is that?

3.) Did you ask Shirley to go to the dance with you?

She is away at a conference until tomorrow.

4.) Were you able to get your own locker at the Gym?

They’re temporarily out of them. I’ve to check again next week.

5.) Do you think Janet will spend a week in the country with us，

Only if she can tear herself away from her books.

6.) Should I buy this exercise record for Linda for her birthday?

She already has the cassette.

7.) Will you come to my poetry reading next week?

I’ll be out of town then.

8.) Have you heard who won the election?

I missed the news and haven’t had time to read the paper

三.虛擬語氣題型。又是一個托福聽力題型中的必考內(nèi)容，據(jù)小馬過河專家的統(tǒng)計，每一套托福聽力題中，必有兩至三道虛擬語氣題型。在托福聽力中，考生需掌握以下幾種常見的虛擬語氣：

a) I wish…

b) If only…

c) 由if 引導(dǎo)的與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣。

d) 由if 引導(dǎo)的與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣。

e) 虛擬語氣的省略形式。

該種題型的掌握在于同學(xué)對虛擬語氣現(xiàn)象和實質(zhì)的準(zhǔn)確認(rèn)識。

四.習(xí)語題型。托福聽力中最常見的題型就是習(xí)語題型。托福聽力是口語，而習(xí)語的大量涌現(xiàn)正是口語區(qū)別于書面語的重要特征。因此，托福聽力中習(xí)語的重要性可想而知。拿出任何一套托福題稍加研究，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)，每套托福題中都會有好幾道習(xí)語題。

以上四種托福聽力題型都是關(guān)于語法的，對于大家在平時的準(zhǔn)備復(fù)習(xí)具有十分重要的指導(dǎo)意義，所以大家可以在自己準(zhǔn)備的時候就適當(dāng)?shù)脑黾诱Z法的練習(xí)量，有針對性的逐一攻破。