托福語(yǔ)法冠詞要點(diǎn)解析

　　有關(guān)冠詞的考題在TOEFL測(cè)試中所占比例較小，但出現(xiàn)頻率較高，而且是單一題型反復(fù)再現(xiàn)，即不定冠詞a和an混淆錯(cuò)用。這類(lèi)題目全部集中在Written Expression(16-40題)中。其次，定冠詞the的用法也是考試范圍。

　　冠詞?？碱}型及解題要點(diǎn)

　　1.不定冠詞a與an的區(qū)別

　　解題要點(diǎn) “a”后面接以輔音開(kāi)始的字詞“an”后面接以元音開(kāi)始的字詞。當(dāng)A、B、C、D四個(gè)選擇答案中出現(xiàn)有a或an，應(yīng)首先察看它后面的單詞，以判斷此不定冠詞是否正確。

　　全真例題分析

　　(1) The Montreal International Exposition,“Expo. 67”was applauded for displaying an degree of taste superior to that of similar expositions.

　　(答案) B 改為a degree。

　　(2) If a atom loses any of its electrons, it becomes positively charged and can combine chemically with other atoms.

　　(答案) A改為an atom

　　(3) Since the beginning of this century the United States government has played an role in the supervision and use of the nation’s natural resources.

　　(答案) A改為a role

　　(4) A electric current can consist of charges that are positive, negative, or both.

　　(答案) A 改為An election

　　2. 可數(shù)名詞前面通常要有冠詞或其它限定形容詞, 非泛指的可數(shù)名詞一般不能獨(dú)立存在。

　　全真例題分析

　　(1) A march is highly rhythmic piece of music first used by military bands to accompany marching. (94.1)

　　(答案) A 名詞短語(yǔ) piece of music 前面應(yīng)加不定冠詞：a highly rhythmic piece of music

　　(2) The sonometer is instrument used to study the mathematical relations of harmonic tones. (93.8)

　　(答案) A改為an instrument, instrument為可數(shù)名詞，前面應(yīng)有冠詞。

　　(3) Accounting is described as art of classifying, recording, and reporting significant financial events.

　　(答案) A 名詞art,表示“一門(mén)藝術(shù)”這個(gè)概念時(shí)，應(yīng)加冠詞。此句應(yīng)改為an art。

　　3.冠詞的錯(cuò)誤使用或遺漏

　　全真例題分析

　　(1) The Yukon River, which fllows into the Baring Sea, gives its name to a region of Alaska and a territory of the Canada.

　　(答案) D刪掉定冠詞the. Canada是專(zhuān)有名詞，無(wú)需加冠詞。表示“國(guó)家”“城市”“人物”等概念的專(zhuān)有名詞前不加冠詞。

　　(2) Langston Hughes, a prolific writer of the 1920’s was concerned with the depicting the experience of urban Black people in the United States.

　　(答案) C 刪除冠詞the。動(dòng)名詞前不應(yīng)加冠詞。特別是當(dāng)這個(gè)動(dòng)名詞帶有賓語(yǔ)，它的動(dòng)詞屬性更強(qiáng)烈，因而不能加冠詞。

　　(3) Some geologists predict that, by end of the next century, movement along the San Andreas Fault will have caused part of California to separate from the continent (88.1)

　　(答案) A 加入定冠詞the,組成固定短語(yǔ)by the end。含冠詞的詞組不能隨意刪除或更換。

　　(4) At a first, the scientific method may appear to be a narrow and restrictive way of gaining (89.10)

　　(答案) A 刪除不定冠詞a。At first為固定短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，不能隨意添入冠詞。

　　(5) Seven of planets rotate in the same direction as their orbital motions, while Venus and Uranus rotate in the opposite direction. (91.8)

　　(答案) A 此句的planets特指太陽(yáng)系中的九大行星，故應(yīng)加入定冠詞the,即Seven of the planets……。