VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：美國(guó)修改高血壓標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
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US Changes Definition for High Blood Pressure
美國(guó)修改高血壓標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.
這里是美國(guó)之音慢速英語(yǔ)健康和生活報(bào)道。
Recently, two leading heart organizations changed the definition of what it means to have high blood pressure. Because of this change, the number of Americans with high blood pressure jumped from 32 percent to 46 percent.
最近，兩家最重要的心臟病組織修改了高血壓的定義。由于這一變化，美國(guó)高血壓患者比例從32%上升到了46%。
Doctors at the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology now classify anyone with a blood pressure reading of 130 over 80 as having high blood pressure.
美國(guó)心臟協(xié)會(huì)和美國(guó)心臟病學(xué)會(huì)的醫(yī)生們現(xiàn)在將血壓讀數(shù)大于130/80的人劃分為高血壓患者。
Before, the cutoffs for high blood pressure had been a top number of 140 and a lower number of 90.
之前，高血壓臨界值是指高壓140和低壓90。
Health experts at the website Science Daily say blood pressure is defined by two numbers. The top number, called systolic, represents the force with which your heart pumps blood into the blood vessels. The bottom, called diastolic, is a measure of the resistance to the blood flow in the body's blood vessels.
《科學(xué)日?qǐng)?bào)》網(wǎng)站的專家表示，血壓是由兩個(gè)數(shù)字來(lái)定義的。高壓，也稱作收縮壓，是指心臟將血液泵入血管的力量。低壓，也稱作舒張壓，是人體血管中血流阻力的量度。
The American Heart Association says the new guidelines are designed to help people take steps to control their blood pressure earlier. High blood pressure can cause heart disease and stroke – the two leading causes of death in the world.
美國(guó)心臟協(xié)會(huì)表示，新指南旨在幫助人們采取措施控制血壓。高血壓會(huì)導(dǎo)致心臟病和中風(fēng)，這是人類兩大主要死亡原因。
The new guidelines set blood pressures in these categories:
新指南將血壓設(shè)定為以下類別：
Normal Blood Pressure: Under 120 over 80
正常血壓：低于 120/80。
Elevated Blood Pressure: Top number 120-129 and bottom number less than 80
血壓升高：高壓介于120-129之間，低壓低于80。
High Blood Pressure / Stage 1: Top number of 130-139 or bottom number 80-89
1級(jí)高血壓：高壓介于130-139之間，或者低壓介于80-89之間。
High Blood Pressure / Stage 2: Top number at least 140 or bottom number at least 90
2級(jí)高血壓：高壓≥140或者低壓≥90。
High blood pressure around the world
世界各地的高血壓情況
A 2016 study by the World Health Organization and hundreds of scientists found that the number of people in the world with high blood pressure had reached 1.13 billion.
世界衛(wèi)生組織和數(shù)百位科學(xué)家在2016年進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)，全球高血壓患者人數(shù)已經(jīng)達(dá)到了11.3億。
However, the study defined high blood pressure as 140 over 90. Should they adopt the new guidelines, the number of people with high blood pressure worldwide will most likely increase.
然而，該研究將高血壓定義為140/90。如果他們采納新指南，全球范圍內(nèi)的高血壓患者人數(shù)將很有可能會(huì)增加。
Scientists at Imperial College London led the study and looked at blood pressure measurements from nearly 20 million people from the years 1975 to 2015.
倫敦帝國(guó)理工學(xué)院的科學(xué)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了這項(xiàng)研究，他們檢查了1975年到2015年近2千萬(wàn)人的血壓測(cè)量結(jié)果。
In this study, they found that the number of people with high blood pressure nearly doubled in 40 years.
在這項(xiàng)研究中，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)高血壓患者人數(shù)在40年內(nèi)幾乎翻番。
Researchers found that over half of the world's adults with high blood pressure lived in Asia. Around 226 million people in China have high blood pressure, along with 200 million in India.
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，全球一半以上的成年高血壓患者生活在亞洲。中國(guó)大約有2.26億人患有高血壓，印度則有2億人。
This study also found that in 2015 people in South Korea, the USA and Canada had the lowest high blood pressure rates in the world. With the new U.S. guidelines, the U.S. ranking in the world could change.
該研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，2015年韓國(guó)、美國(guó)和加拿大居民罹患高血壓比例是全球最低的。根據(jù)美國(guó)這項(xiàng)新指南，美國(guó)的全球排名可能會(huì)發(fā)生改變。
The researchers from Imperial College London published their findings from the study in the January 2017 edition of the medical journal The Lancet.
倫敦帝國(guó)理工學(xué)院的研究人員將他們的研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在2017年1月版的《柳葉刀》醫(yī)學(xué)雜志上。
Does this mean more medication is necessary?
這是否意味著需要服藥?
Health experts are warning people to not rush to medication to lower their high blood pressure. They advise that there are many lifestyle changes a person can make to effectively keep their blood pressure at a healthy level.
健康專家警告人們不要急于服藥來(lái)降低血壓。他們建議人們可以對(duì)生活方式做出多種改變，以便有效地將他們的血壓保持在一個(gè)健康的水平。
Regular exercise and losing weight can lower your blood pressure. In some people, making changes in diet can make a big difference. Eating more fruits, vegetables, fish, beans, nuts and seeds can help. Eating less sodium and drinking less alcohol can also help.
經(jīng)常鍛煉和減肥可以降低血壓。在有些人當(dāng)中，改變飲食習(xí)慣可以產(chǎn)生很大影響。多吃水果、蔬菜、魚、豆類、堅(jiān)果和籽會(huì)有幫助。低鹽、少喝酒也會(huì)有幫助。
And that's the Health & Lifestyle report.
以上就是本期健康和生活報(bào)道的全部?jī)?nèi)容。
I'm Anna Matteo.
安娜·馬特奧報(bào)道。
From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.
Recently, two leading heart organizations changed the definition of what it means to have high blood pressure. Because of this change, the number of Americans with high blood pressure jumped from 32 percent to 46 percent.
Doctors at the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology now classify anyone with a blood pressure reading of 130 over 80 as having high blood pressure.
Before, the cutoffs for high blood pressure had been a top number of 140 and a lower number of 90.
Health experts at the website Science Daily say blood pressure is defined by two numbers. The top number, called systolic, represents the force with which your heart pumps blood into the blood vessels. The bottom, called diastolic, is a measure of the resistance to the blood flow in the body's blood vessels.
The American Heart Association says the new guidelines are designed to help people take steps to control their blood pressure earlier. High blood pressure can cause heart disease and stroke – the two leading causes of death in the world.
The new guidelines set blood pressures in these categories:
Normal Blood Pressure: Under 120 over 80
Elevated Blood Pressure: Top number 120-129 and bottom number less than 80
High Blood Pressure / Stage 1: Top number of 130-139 or bottom number 80-89
High Blood Pressure / Stage 2: Top number at least 140 or bottom number at least 90
High blood pressure around the world
A 2016 study by the World Health Organization and hundreds of scientists found that the number of people in the world with high blood pressure had reached 1.13 billion.
However, the study defined high blood pressure as 140 over 90. Should they adopt the new guidelines, the number of people with high blood pressure worldwide will most likely increase.
Scientists at Imperial College London led the study and looked at blood pressure measurements from nearly 20 million people from the years 1975 to 2015.
In this study, they found that the number of people with high blood pressure nearly doubled in 40 years.
Researchers found that over half of the world's adults with high blood pressure lived in Asia. Around 226 million people in China have high blood pressure, along with 200 million in India.
This study also found that in 2015 people in South Korea, the USA and Canada had the lowest high blood pressure rates in the world. With the new U.S. guidelines, the U.S. ranking in the world could change.
The researchers from Imperial College London published their findings from the study in the January 2017 edition of the medical journal The Lancet.
Does this mean more medication is necessary?
Health experts are warning people to not rush to medication to lower their high blood pressure. They advise that there are many lifestyle changes a person can make to effectively keep their blood pressure at a healthy level.
Regular exercise and losing weight can lower your blood pressure. In some people, making changes in diet can make a big difference. Eating more fruits, vegetables, fish, beans, nuts and seeds can help. Eating less sodium and drinking less alcohol can also help.
And that’s the Health & Lifestyle report.
I’m Anna Matteo.
_________________________________________________________________
Words in This Story
classify – v. to arrange (people or things) into groups based on ways that they are alike : to consider (someone or something) as belonging to a particular group
systole – n. the contraction of the heart by which the blood is forced onward and the circulation kept up : systolic – adj.
systolic blood pressure – medical noun the highest arterial blood pressure of a cardiac cycle occurring immediately after systole of the left ventricle of the heart — called also systolic pressure;
diastole – n. the dilatation of the cavities of the heart during which they fill with blood : diastolic – adj.
diastolic blood pressure – medical noun the lowest arterial blood pressure of a cardiac cycle occurring during diastole of the heart — called also diastolic pressure
resistance – n. a force that slows down a moving object (such as an airplane) by going against the direction in which the object is moving
category – n. a group of people or things that are similar in some way
edition – n. the form or version in which a text is published
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