VOA慢速英語：美國軍隊(duì)面臨來自恐怖主義組織和國家的威脅

The United States military says it must prepare to dealwith two different threats at the same time. The threatscome from aggressive moves by Russia and Chinaand the influence of extremist groups like theself-proclaimed Islamic State.

美國軍事方面稱必須同時(shí)應(yīng)對(duì)來自兩方面的威脅。這兩方面分別是俄羅斯與中國以及像IS這樣自稱是伊斯蘭國家的極端組織。

Experts say it will not be easy for the military to do.

專家解說：美國軍事很難做到

This month, U.S. Secretary of Defense Ashton Carterspoke to soldiers at Fort Bragg in the state of NorthCarolina. He says their skills and experiences of fightingterrorists in Iraq and Afghanistan will be useful in futureconflicts.

本月，美國國防部長阿仕頓·卡特在北卡羅來納州布拉格軍事基地向士兵們發(fā)表講說。他稱，他們對(duì)付伊拉克和阿富汗地區(qū)的恐怖分子的技能和經(jīng)驗(yàn)在將來沖突中大有用處。

US and Ukrainian servicemen talk during the opening ceremony for the Rapid Trident/Saber Guardian 2015 military exercises in Ukraine, July 20, 2015. (AP Photo/Pavlo Palamarchuk)

He says the military is, “moving into a different directionin the future, where we try to capture what we learned -- and we learned a lot in the course of those two wars -- and turn that skill and that experience to the kinds ofconflicts that are going to determine our future.”

他提到，軍事在將來會(huì)有不同的方向轉(zhuǎn)變，那時(shí)候需要我們用之所學(xué)，在這兩次戰(zhàn)爭中，我們學(xué)到很多，我們應(yīng)該把學(xué)到的技能和經(jīng)驗(yàn)應(yīng)用到將來的沖突中去。

Large countries are still the biggest threat

大國仍然是最主要的威脅

In June, American military officials published a new National Military Strategyafter four years. The document says the threat of a war with another countryis low, but growing. It says the American military will closely watch Russia,Iran, North Korea and China.

六月，美國軍事方面在四年后公布了新的國家軍事戰(zhàn)略。文件中標(biāo)明，和另一個(gè)國家展開戰(zhàn)爭的威脅較小，但是在逐漸增長。美國將密切注視俄羅斯、伊朗、韓國和中國的舉動(dòng)。

Bryan Clark is a former U.S. Navy strategist. He is now a senior fellow at theCenter for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments. The center researchessecurity and defense issues. Mr. Clark says Russia, Iran, North Korea andChina have security goals that are likely to conflict with those of the U.S. in the near future.

原美國海軍戰(zhàn)略家布萊特·克拉克現(xiàn)在是戰(zhàn)略預(yù)算評(píng)估中心的高級(jí)官員。這個(gè)中心研究安全和國防問題?？死吮硎荆砹_斯、伊朗、韓國和中國的安全目標(biāo)有可能與美國未來的目標(biāo)沖突。

He says the American strategy is changing because of Russia’s aggression inEastern Europe and China’s activities in the South China Sea. The U.S. mustprepare to fight a war with a large country while fighting terrorists at the sametime.

他說美國戰(zhàn)略計(jì)劃正在改變，因?yàn)槎砹_斯在東歐地區(qū)活動(dòng)頻繁以及。。美國必須在準(zhǔn)備抗擊恐怖主義的同時(shí)也要做好和大國作戰(zhàn)的準(zhǔn)備。

China not an enemy -- but not a friend, either

中國不是敵人

The strategy document says Iran, Russia and North Korea are threats toworld peace. But it describes China differently. It says the United States wantsto help China grow. It hopes a strong China will help increase internationalsecurity. But that does not mean the military believes there is no risk ofconflict with China.

戰(zhàn)略文件中標(biāo)明，伊朗、俄羅斯和韓國威脅世界和平。但是對(duì)中國的描述稍顯不同。他說美國想要幫助中國增強(qiáng)實(shí)力。美國希望強(qiáng)大的中國能夠保證更多的國際和平。但是這并不意味著沒有和中國發(fā)生軍事沖突的危險(xiǎn)。

In Mr. Clark’s words, the American military “sees China as a much moresignificant threat to U.S. national security interests.” China has a largereconomy and more population than other nations. He notes that China hasadvanced military weapons similar to Russia, and many more of them. AndChina is moving aggressively against American allies in the South China Sea.

用克拉克的話說，美國軍事將中國視為美國國家安全最大的威脅。中國擁有比別的國家更強(qiáng)大的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力和更多的人口。。。

Fighting more than one war at the same time

同時(shí)面臨更多的戰(zhàn)爭

Defense Secretary Carter says the U.S. military must be able to deal withchallenges in more than one area. He says the country needs a military that is not only big enough but has enough equipment and well-trained troops. And hesays military pay must be high enough to attract and keep good troops.

國防部長卡特稱美國軍事必須應(yīng)對(duì)不止一個(gè)地區(qū)的變化。他說美國需要一個(gè)不僅隊(duì)伍壯大而且武器先進(jìn)的，訓(xùn)練有素的軍事隊(duì)伍。軍隊(duì)必須付出足夠高的代價(jià)得到和訓(xùn)練質(zhì)量優(yōu)良的軍隊(duì)。

Whatever happens, the American military will need to meet the challengeswith fewer soldiers than it has now. The Defense Department has announcedplans to reduce the size of the Army by 40,000 soldiers.

不管發(fā)生什么，美國軍隊(duì)將需要比現(xiàn)在更少的士兵去應(yīng)對(duì)不同的變化。國防部宣布了將軍隊(duì)士兵數(shù)量減少到40.000名的裁員計(jì)劃。

I’m Christopher Jones-Cruise.

VOA's Li Bao reported this story from Washington. Christopher Jones-Cruiseadapted it for VOA Learning English. Hai Do was the editor.

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Words in This Story

self-proclaimed– adj. giving yourself or your group a particular name or title,often without any reason or proof that would cause other people to agree withyou

strategy – n. a careful plan or method for achieving a particular goal, usuallyover a long period of time

conflict– v. disagrees with; takes a different position from

significant– adj. large enough to be noticed or have an effect