“隱秘自戀者”這一概念的提出始于20世紀30年代,《科學美國人》上發(fā)表了一篇關(guān)于“安靜的自戀者”的文章。
20世紀90年代,加州伯克利大學的Paul Wink進一步提出,自戀者應該分為兩種類型:自大暴露狂(Grandiosity-Exhibitonism)和脆弱敏感型(Vulnerability-Sensitivity)。
As it turns out, there are some striking similarities between the popular understanding of introversion and a psychological characteristic called covert narcissism.
其實,人們對于內(nèi)向和隱秘自戀型心理特征的理解有些驚人地相似。
Maybe you know someone like this: They tend to believe they're being underestimated or overlooked, like their amazing qualities are forever going unnoticed by everyone else. They often take things too personally, especially criticism, and sometimes feel a little resentful when other people bother them with their problems.
也許你認識這樣的人:他們總認為自己被看輕了,或者被忽視了,比如他們的一些令人驚嘆的品質(zhì)總是不被人注意。他們過于較真,尤其對批評很在意,當其他人因為自己的問題打擾他們時,他們還有些小憤怒。
這些人就是我們所說的“隱秘的自戀者”(covert narcissist)。
下面來看看“隱秘的自戀者”的幾個特征:
I easily become wrapped up in my own interests and forget the existence of others.
很容易就陷入自己的個人愛好,忘記了他人的存在。
I feel that I am temperamentally different from most people.
感到自己在氣質(zhì)上與眾不同。
When I enter a room, I often become self-conscious and feel that the eyes of others are upon me.
當我進入一間房間時,會感到不自在,覺得其他人的目光都落到我身上。