加強“困境兒童”保障

國務(wù)院日前印發(fā)《關(guān)于加強困境兒童保障工作的意見》，《意見》指出，為困境兒童營造安全無虞、生活無憂、充滿關(guān)愛、健康發(fā)展的成長環(huán)境，是家庭、政府和社會的共同責任。

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The central government on Thursday issued a guideline on taking better care of children who live in difficulties due to poverty, disabilities or lack of custody.

國務(wù)院周四(6月16日)發(fā)布了加強困境兒童的保障意見，這些兒童多由于貧困、殘疾或者監(jiān)護缺失而生活在困境中。

The guideline, issued by the State Council, stressed ensuring subsistence, basic medical care, schooling, custody and other forms of assistance for children in difficulty.

該意見強調(diào)要保障困境兒童的生存、基本醫(yī)療、入學、監(jiān)護以及其他形式的幫扶。

困境兒童(children in difficulty/children living in difficulty)包括：

因家庭貧困導(dǎo)致生活、就醫(yī)、就學等困難的兒童(children who grow up in poverty and thus have poor access to medical treatment or education)，

因自身殘疾導(dǎo)致康復(fù)、照料、護理和社會融入等困難的兒童(children who have difficulty in receiving rehabilitation and nursing due to their disabilities)，

以及因家庭監(jiān)護缺失或監(jiān)護不當遭受虐待、遺棄、意外傷害、不法侵害等導(dǎo)致人身安全受到威脅或侵害的兒童(children who are subject to abuse, abandonment, or accidental injuries for lack of or improper family custody)。

《意見》提出的保障措施除了生活保障和醫(yī)療保障以外，還提出對家庭困難的殘疾兒童，積極推進包括義務(wù)教育、高中階段教育在內(nèi)的12年免費教育(12-year free education for disabled children in financially challenged families)，推動建立隨班就讀支持保障體系。對監(jiān)護缺失、監(jiān)護不力和不當?shù)睦Ь硟和?children with no or incompetent guardians)，分類明確了替代監(jiān)護的責任主體和相應(yīng)程序，同時對缺少監(jiān)護人的服刑人員和強制隔離戒毒人員未成年子女(underage children of prisoners and drug addicts isolated in mandatory detoxification institutions)等做了相應(yīng)安排。