新概念英語第二冊(cè)詳解第32課:shopping made easy
購(gòu)物變得很方便
First listen and then answer the question.
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
Who was the thief?
People are not so honest as they once were. The temptation to steal is greater than ever before -- especially in large shops. A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings. One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. The woman first bought a few small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible. Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying. When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter. The girl 'gave' her mother a free dress once a week!
New words and expressions 生詞和短語
once adv. 曾經(jīng)，以前
temptation n. 誘惑
article n. 物品，東西
wrap v. 包裹
simply adv. 僅僅
arrest v. 逮捕
參考譯文
人們不再像以前那樣誠(chéng)實(shí)了。偷竊的誘惑力比以往任何時(shí)候都更強(qiáng)烈 -- 特別是在大的商店里。一名偵探最近注意上了一位穿著講究的婦女，她總是在星期一上午進(jìn)入一家大商場(chǎng)。有一個(gè)星期一，當(dāng)這位婦女走進(jìn)這家商場(chǎng)時(shí)，里面的人比往常少，因此，偵探比較容易監(jiān)視她。這位婦女先是買了幾樣小商品。過了一會(huì)兒，她又選了商場(chǎng)里最昂貴的一件衣服，把它遞給了售貨員。那售貨員以最快的速度為她包好了衣服。然后，那婦女拿過包就走出了商場(chǎng)，根本沒有付錢。她被逮捕后。偵探發(fā)現(xiàn)原來那售貨員是她的女兒。那姑娘每星期“送”她母親一件免費(fèi)的衣服!
自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀
1.People are not so honest as they once were. 人們不再像以前那樣誠(chéng)實(shí)了。
(1)“not so + 形容詞+ as”引導(dǎo)的是比較狀語從句，表示較低的程度，通常譯為“不如……那樣……”。(cf.本課語法)
(2)once表示“以前”、“曾經(jīng)”時(shí)只能與動(dòng)詞的過去式連用：
He once worked at a large company.
他曾經(jīng)在一家大公司工作過。
2.The temptation to steal is greater than ever before…偷竊的誘惑力比以往任何時(shí)候都更強(qiáng)烈……
(1)不定式 to steal為 temptation的定語，說明是什么樣的誘惑。
to引導(dǎo)不定式和to作為介詞的區(qū)別很大：
The temptation to smoke is strong for him.
對(duì)他來說吸煙有很強(qiáng)的誘惑力。(to smoke為不定式)
The cake on the table is a great temptation to the child.
桌上的蛋糕對(duì)那孩子是個(gè)極大的誘惑。(to the child為介詞短語)
(2)ever用于表示比較的從句中時(shí)意義為“曾經(jīng)”、“以往任何時(shí)候”。在這句話中，省略的成分比較多，與ever before相比的是隱含的時(shí)間now，從句中省略成分為 it was(在 ever之前)。大多數(shù)含有比較狀語從句的句子都可以省略句中的成分。
3.on Monday mornings，在星期一上午。
morning用復(fù)數(shù)形式是表示經(jīng)常性的情況，它前面有修飾詞Monday，所以介詞要用on。
4.One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. 有一個(gè)星期一，當(dāng)這位婦女走進(jìn)這家商場(chǎng)時(shí)，里面的人比往常少，因此，偵探比較容易監(jiān)視她。
(1)one在此處表示“某一個(gè)”，不能用a 代替。
(2)這個(gè)句子較長(zhǎng)，there were引導(dǎo)的是主句，when引導(dǎo)的是它的時(shí)間狀語從句，so引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句，在主句和結(jié)果狀語從句中又分別隱含比較狀語從句。在結(jié)果狀語從句中，it為先行詞，真正的主語是不定式短語for the detective to watch her。不定式短語往往較長(zhǎng)，作主語時(shí)通常要用先行詞it作為形式主語：
It is easy for you to help me.
你幫助我是很容易的。
5.as quickly as possible，以最快的速度。
as…as possible為固定短語，表示“盡可能”：
He went home as soon as possible.
他盡快回了家。
I have sent you as many books as possible.
我已經(jīng)把書盡可能多地給你送來了。
6.Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying. 然后，那婦女拿過包就走出了商場(chǎng)，根本沒有付錢。
simply表示“僅僅”、“只”，有加強(qiáng)語氣的作用。連詞and表示動(dòng)作的連續(xù)，相當(dāng)于 and then。withoug paying可以當(dāng)成是整個(gè)句子的方式狀語，即那婦女沒有，……就……paying為動(dòng)名詞。
7.The girl‘gave’her mother a free dress once a week! 那姑娘每星期“送”她母親一件免費(fèi)的衣服!
(1) gave加引號(hào)，表示姑娘不是真正給，而是偷。
(2) free在這里的含義為“免費(fèi)的”、“不要錢的”：
Children under five years old travel free.
5歲以下兒童免費(fèi)旅行。
Tom gave me two free tickets.
湯姆給了我兩張免費(fèi)的票。
(3)“once a+ 表示時(shí)間的名詞”可以表示頻率：
He comes to the office once a day.
他每天來辦公室一次。
Frank writes to his mother once a month.
弗蘭克每個(gè)月給他母親寫一次信。
語法 Grammar in use
1.比較狀語從句
在第8課的語法中，我們學(xué)習(xí)了形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。在比較級(jí)的用法中，實(shí)際上我們已接觸到比較狀語從句：
I know him better than you do.
我比你了解他。(than后面為比較狀語從句)
比較狀語從句含有或暗含有“與……相比”的意思。除了than…或 more… than…
這種結(jié)構(gòu)外，它還包括 as+形容詞/副詞+as…, not so/as… as…, less… than…等結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)句子里兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞相同、時(shí)態(tài)也一樣時(shí)，則第2個(gè)動(dòng)詞可以省略，比較從句就成了含蓄的從句。如果對(duì)比的東西很明顯，那么為了避免重復(fù)，從句中有些成分、甚至整個(gè)從句都可以省略，因此這類句子往往不完整。比較完整的句子讀起來要正規(guī)些：
2.little 和few的用法
little和 a little 與不可數(shù)名詞一起使用。 little表示否定，有“幾乎一點(diǎn)兒也沒有”的含義，在口語中我們常用 not much：
a little 表示肯定，具有some的含義：
few和 a few 與復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用。 few表示否定，與 little 相
似，在口語中我們多用not many; a few與a little 相似，有some 的含義：
little的比較級(jí)為less，few的比較級(jí)為fewer：
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1.arrest
(1)vt.逮捕，扣留：
The police have already arrested the thief.
警方已逮捕了那小偷。
When she was arrested, she refused to say anything.
她被捕以后，拒不說話。
(2)vt.吸引(注意等)：
The beauty of the woods arrested the tourists.
樹林的美麗景色吸引了游客。
He was arrested by her words.
她的話吸引了他。
(3)n.逮捕，扣留：
Tony is under arrest now.
托尼現(xiàn)已被捕。
2.a與one
不定冠詞a 的用法在第6課的語法中已經(jīng)講過，它通常用于表示不確定的人或事物以及第一次提到的人或事物：
I met a well-dressed woman this morning.
今天上午我遇見了一位穿著考究的婦女。
表示數(shù)量時(shí)，one比a 的語氣要強(qiáng)：
It was one apple I ate, not two.
我吃了一個(gè)蘋果，而不是兩個(gè)。(不可用a)
There is a book and a pen on the desk.
書桌上有一本書和一枝筆。
I read only one book this week.
這星期我只讀了一本書。(不可用a代替)
不表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，a和one有時(shí)可以互換：
She will come home in a/one week's time.
她一周以后就會(huì)回家。
敘述故事時(shí)常將one+ 表示時(shí)間的名詞用于句首，而不用a：
One day, a policeman came to his house.
有一天，一個(gè)警察來到了他家。
One Monday, he went to the office as usual.
一個(gè)星期一，他像往常一樣去了辦公室。
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises
1.關(guān)鍵句型練習(xí)答案
A People are not so honest as they once were(1.1); The temptation…is greater than ever before(11.1-2); there werefewer people…than usual (11.4-5); it was easier…to watch her (11.5-6); one of the most expensive dresses (11.7-8); wrapped it… as quickly as possible (11.8-9)
2.難點(diǎn)練習(xí)答案
One day…a postcard…an excursion…one thing…a fax… a form… a fax of one word…
3.多項(xiàng)選擇題答案
1 c 2 c 3 c 4 b 5 b 6 c
7 a 8 d 9 a 10 d 11 b 12 c
【New words and expressions】 生詞和短語
★once adv. 曾經(jīng)，以前
long long ago
I visit my mother once a month.
once 連接從句：表示“一旦”
Once you leave my company,you must return the house.
★temptation n. 誘惑
temptation to + 動(dòng)詞原形
temptation to do sth.
temptation to steal
resist the temptation to do
I can't resist the temptation to laugh.
★article n. 物品，東西
This is a good article. 文章
article /thing
article 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是商店里的一個(gè)一個(gè)的東西，是可數(shù)名詞
thing 指任何的東西
cargo
goods
★wrap v. 包裹
Please wrap them (up) for me.
pack
I will take/have/get it
★simply adv. 僅僅
simply :only/just
★arrest v. 逮捕
arrest the criminal
arrest one's attention 吸引某人的注意力
The criminal was arrested.
sb.be under arrest.
cortrol/under cortrol
【課文講解】
make：1.制造
2.使。。。怎么樣
make the room clean
make shopping easy
Shopping be made easy. (句子)
not so ...as... 表示比較
as...as... 和...一樣
as + adj./adv.+ as + 比較對(duì)象
as quickly as possible
He is as tall as I.
This case is as light as that one.
It is as heavy as that one.
as...as...的否定形式是not so...as.../not as...as...
It is not as heavy as that one. 這個(gè)東西不如那個(gè)東西重
I am not as tall as you
I am taller that you./ You are not as tall as I.
less + 原級(jí)=not as...as... /not so...as...
not so + 原級(jí) +as...
I am not so lucky as those fishermen.
less + 原級(jí) + than
I am less lucky than those fishermen.
there are 與 they were 在用不同的時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行比較
You are beautiful./You were beautiful.
You are more beautiful than you were.
You look better.
You look better than you were.
It was my car.
Is this your car?
I think 想
I thought 原以為
You were worse.
You are better.
not as...as... 不如
要表現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在與過去比較，有兩種方式：
1. 用時(shí)態(tài)表示 it is /it was; they are/ they were
2. 用短語 than ever before
People are not so honest as before.
under arrest
impulsion 沖動(dòng)
adventure 冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)
watch 觀察，監(jiān)視，當(dāng)心
watch the enemy
watch sth. 當(dāng)心
well-done
well+ 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞
design
well-designed
well-educated
as usual 象平常
than usual 比平常。。。
be動(dòng)詞+形容詞+for sb.to do sth.
it 是形式主語
for sb. 中的sb.是邏輯主語
The teacher bought a lot of dresses to make her more beautiful.
out of politeness
after a little time 過了一會(huì)兒
hand...to... 把。。遞給 pass in 一個(gè)一個(gè)的傳遞
hand in 上交
wrap sth.up for sb.
as quickly as possible
she+chose+最高級(jí)+and(并列結(jié)構(gòu))+handed it to + 賓語 + 定語從句
find out
find/find out
find sth. sth. 是看得見，摸得著的
I find the pen.
find out 后的賓語一般是抽象的
find out the truth
free 免費(fèi)的
fee 交費(fèi)
fee parking
【Special difficulties】
A 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是后邊的名詞;One強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“一個(gè)”的意義
One / a/ an/ one/ a / a/ a/ one
【Composition】
arrived at come to
so saw and stay either...or
【Multiple choice】
7. most expensive +地點(diǎn)，用in
+范圍，表示所有的書(人)當(dāng)中，用of
I have ever seen/done/heard
9. article
4. b
many not as(so)...as
12.
free worthless:不值錢的
something cost money
10。D
wrapped:包裹 envelope:信封
8. watch:look at
