思馬得英語(yǔ)100個(gè)句子學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法（30）：關(guān)于動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的注意點(diǎn)

　　<例句>

　　She said she understood.

　　她說(shuō)她懂了。

　　<語(yǔ)法分析>

　　當(dāng)主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，從句需要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，即要注意句子時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)。當(dāng)從句所表示的內(nèi)容是個(gè)普遍真理或一般規(guī)律時(shí)或當(dāng)從句有絕對(duì)表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子的主句和從句不存在時(shí)態(tài)上的呼應(yīng)。聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞be的一般時(shí)可表示完成概念，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，可表示“到說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)為止”。

　　<觸類(lèi)旁通>

　　(1) I wasn't sure whether you (were) [be] watching TV or not.

　　我不敢肯定你是不是在看電視。

　　語(yǔ)法分析：主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，從句需要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

　　(2) She told me she had graduated from university three years before.

　　她告訴我她三年前就大學(xué)畢業(yè)了。

　　語(yǔ)法分析：從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，從句多用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

　　(3) He said he would do anything for his own home.

　　他說(shuō)他愿為他自己的家庭做任何事情。

　　語(yǔ)法分析：從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之后時(shí)，從句多用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。

　　(4) My teacher said that light travels much faster than sound.

　　我的老師說(shuō)光的速度比聲音的速度快得多。

　　語(yǔ)法分析：從句所表示的內(nèi)容是個(gè)普遍真理或一般規(guī)律時(shí)，不存在時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)。

　　(5) My fever is gone.

　　我的燒已經(jīng)退了。

　　語(yǔ)法分析：聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞be的一般時(shí)可表示完成概念。

　　<鞏固練習(xí)>

　　(1) The facts proved that the earth and all the other panets _____[move] around the sun.

　　(2) The teacher said that when a person _____[learn] a foreign language, he must not translate everything into his own.

　　(3) She said that the little boy ______[break] his leg.

　　(4) I was told that my brother ______[go] home tomorrow.

　　(5) He told me that he ______[be] only 14.

　　(6) You will notice that this word _____[has] several meanings.

　　(7) I wonder who _____[build] the great bridge.

　　(8) It ______[be] since his death.

　　(9) Ever since then, the monkey _____[come] out only at night.

　　(10) He told me yesterday that she _____[murder] three days before.

　　<參考答案>

　　(1) move (2) is learning (3) had broken (4) is going (5) is (6) has (7) built (8) is (9)comes (10) had been murdered