CNN News:哈馬斯與以色列沖突歷史淵源解析

Hi, I`m Carl Azuz. Today`s edition of CNN STUDENT NEWS starts in the Middle East where tensions are growing between two rival governments of Palestinians. There are two Palestinian territories with two different governments. The West Bank is one of them. It`s controlled by the Palestinian Authority. Gaza is the other. It`s controlled by a militant group called Hamas. The two sides agreed to form a unity government earlier this year. But the Palestinian Authority accuses Hamas of running a shadow government, an unauthorized group of 27 officials who control Gaza. And the Palestinian Authority says if that continues, a unity government is helpless.

我是Carl Azuz，今天CNN學(xué)生新聞從中東巴勒斯坦兩大對(duì)立派別說起，這是兩股巴勒斯坦勢(shì)力分裂成的兩個(gè)政府組織。西岸就屬于他們中的一個(gè)巴勒斯坦政權(quán)組織控制。加沙是另外一個(gè)，由一個(gè)名為哈馬斯的激進(jìn)組織控制。今年早些時(shí)候雙方都同意建立一個(gè)同一政府。但是巴勒斯坦當(dāng)局指控哈馬斯操縱一個(gè)由控制加沙地區(qū)的27名官員組成的影子政府。巴勒斯坦當(dāng)局稱如果他們繼續(xù)這樣做的話成立一個(gè)統(tǒng)一政府也就沒有必要了。

Hamas says the accusation is unjustified and untrue, and that it will keep working with the rival group on a unity government. If that falls through, it`s another complication in the restless region of the world.

哈馬斯稱這個(gè)指控是毫無根據(jù)的，虛無的，并將與分裂組織繼續(xù)合作成立一個(gè)統(tǒng)一政府。如果此次合作失敗，將會(huì)引發(fā)世界其他地區(qū)并發(fā)癥。

Hamas is the current ruling party in Gaza, and has been since 2006, when it won a landslide in democratic elections. In fact, at the time it became one of the first Islamist parties around the world to win political office, but much of the West considers Hamas to be a terrorist organization. The group was born in 1997 just at the start of the first Intifada, or Palestinian uprising.

自2006年哈馬斯在民主選舉中獲勝之后就一直掌握著加沙的控制權(quán)。實(shí)際上，同時(shí)它也成為了世界上第一個(gè)贏得政治勝利的伊斯蘭黨派，但是很多西方人認(rèn)為哈馬斯會(huì)是一個(gè)恐怖組織。這個(gè)組織在1997年誕生，正是巴勒斯坦起義剛剛開始的時(shí)候。

Now, the group`s founders wanted it to be able to deliver social welfare programs to the residents of Gaza, which at this particular point number about 1.8 million people, but then a year in, it published its charter, and within that charter Hamas was calling for the destruction of Israel. Hamas started a suicide bombing campaign against Israel in the 1990s.

現(xiàn)在，這個(gè)組織的創(chuàng)始人希望組織的能力可以向加沙居民提供社會(huì)福利，當(dāng)時(shí)人數(shù)大約為180萬，但是一年之后，它發(fā)布工作進(jìn)程稱要摧毀以色列。哈馬斯在20世紀(jì)90年代開始對(duì)抗以色列展開自殺式炸彈襲擊。

So, what does Hamas want? It does not recognize Israel`s right to exist, calling not only for an end to the Israeli occupation of Palestinian lands, but for an end to the Israeli state itself. As well as the right of return for Palestinians who were forced to leave their homes and became refugees when the state of Israel was created back in 1948.

那哈馬斯目的是什么呢?它不承認(rèn)以色列的政權(quán)存在，不僅想要停止以色列在巴勒斯坦土地的占有權(quán)，并且想要完全摧毀以色列這個(gè)國(guó)家。這樣巴勒斯坦人民就可以重返家園，他們?cè)?948年被迫離開巴勒斯坦淪為難民并建立了以色列國(guó)家。

Hamas wants a lifting of the Israeli blockade on Gaza. Israel at this point controls the airspace and the waters of Gaza, along with Egypt. It controls the borders. Israel says that is necessary to try and cope with the more militarized Hamas.

哈馬斯想要以色列解除對(duì)加沙地帶的封鎖，在與埃及邊境地區(qū)以色列控制著加沙的領(lǐng)空和水源供給。也就是說以色列控制著邊境地區(qū)土地。以色列稱如果必要的話會(huì)與哈馬斯軍事組織展開進(jìn)一步交鋒。

And thirdly, Hamas wants the release of around 6500 Palestinian prisoners, currently in Israeli detention. They believe that they are being held illegally.

第三，哈馬斯想要釋放正關(guān)押在以色列監(jiān)獄的大約6500名巴勒斯坦囚犯。他們認(rèn)為這些人是被非法拘禁的。

And then there`s the question as to whether Hamas is simply in this fight because it has nothing to lose. Living conditions for almost 2 million people in one of the most densely populated territories on earth are very tough, and they are not improving. Unemployment hovers around the 50 percent level, and that`s before this latest round of fighting.

然后問題就來了，是不是因?yàn)楣R斯不會(huì)造成什么損失所以一直在堅(jiān)持戰(zhàn)斗?生活在世界上人口最密集地區(qū)的近乎200萬人口生活條件是非常艱難的，他們并不能得到什么改善。失業(yè)率接近50%的水平，這還是在新一輪戰(zhàn)斗之前的情況。

Hamas has also lost one of its major allies, the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt. The new Egyptian regime considers Hamas to be an enemy.

哈馬斯已經(jīng)失去了它的一個(gè)主要盟友，就是埃及的穆斯林兄弟會(huì)。而新的埃及政權(quán)則認(rèn)為哈馬斯是敵對(duì)勢(shì)力。

Nevertheless, some experts say that simply by fighting against Israel, Hamas appears to be standing up for the rights of the Palestinian people.

然而，一些專家則稱，單說與以色列的對(duì)抗賽來講，哈馬斯似乎是站在巴勒斯坦人民立場(chǎng)上來行事的。