國際關(guān)系英語詞匯大全Unit 5

　　The Axis powers, also known as the Axis alliance, Axis nations, Axis countries, or the Axis, were the nations that fought in the Second World Waragainst the Allied forces. The Axis powers were united by their opposition to several Western powers and the Soviet Union.

　　軸心國，指在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中結(jié)成的戰(zhàn)爭聯(lián)盟，包括納粹德國、大日本帝國和意大利王國等國家。1940年9月27日，德國、日本和意大利三國外交代表在柏林簽署《德義日三國同盟條約》(即：三國公約)，成立以柏林-羅馬-東京軸心為核心的軍事集團(tuán)。這個(gè)軍事集團(tuán)的成員被稱為“軸心國”。同年8月15日日本向同盟國投降，軸心國集團(tuán)因此滅亡。

　　2.Non-aligned Country:不結(jié)盟國家

　　不結(jié)盟國家指執(zhí)行獨(dú)立自主、和平、中立和不結(jié)盟的政策,參加不結(jié)盟會議的國家。

　　3.Non-Aligned Movement:不結(jié)盟運(yùn)動

　　The Non-Aligned movement was never established as a formal organization, but became the name to refer to the participants of the Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries first held in 1961. The term "non-alignment" itself was coined by V.K. Krishna Menon in 1953 remarks at the United Nations. Menon's friend, Animesh Agrawal used the phrase in a 1954 speech in Colombo, Sri Lanka. In his speech in Colombo, Nehru described the five pillars to be used as a guide for Sino-Indian relations, which were first put forth by Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai. Called Panchsheel(five restraints), these principles(Mutual respect for each other's territorial integrity and sovereignty;Mutual non-aggression;Mutual non-interference in domestic affairs;Equality and mutual benefit;Peaceful co-existence)would later serve as the basis of the Non-Aligned Movement.

　　不結(jié)盟運(yùn)動是一個(gè)擁有118個(gè)成員國和20個(gè)觀察員國的松散國際組織，它成立于冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期，其成員國奉行獨(dú)立自主、不與美蘇兩個(gè)超級大國中的任何一個(gè)結(jié)盟的外交政策。聯(lián)合國中三分之二的會員是該組織的成員國，全球人口的55%也生活在不結(jié)盟運(yùn)動國家。不結(jié)盟運(yùn)動定期舉行首腦會議，到目前為止已經(jīng)在前南斯拉夫、埃及、贊比亞、阿爾及利亞、斯里蘭卡、古巴、印度、津巴布韋、印度尼西亞、哥倫比亞、南非、馬來西亞和塞爾維亞各舉行了一次會議。