百科知識視頻之煎蛋小學堂77 先有雞還是先有蛋？

It's a question that has perplexed humanity from as early as the anceint greeks,All the way to the twenty first century and we're still dying to know,Which came first? The chicken or the egg?The question would be simple if we took it literally,Egg laying animals existed far before chickens came about,So technically the egg came before the chicken.

這個問題困擾人類的時間之久，可以一直追溯到古希臘時代，時至今日我們依然迫切的想知道真相，到底哪一個先出現(xiàn)?雞還是蛋?如果我們只看字面意思問題就變得很簡單了，卵生動物在雞類之前很早就出現(xiàn)了，所以技術(shù)上講是蛋先于雞。

But this question better worded as the chicken or the chicken egg? Focuses more on the cyclical cause and consequence,That is if a chicken is born from an egg.Where did the egg come from?Another chicken presumably which too must have come from an egg.so which came first? On the one side we have team chicken,Research suggests that the protein essential for the formation of chicken eggs.Called OV-17 is only found in chicken ovaries,Without it the chicken eggshell could not be formed.

但這個問題其實應該這么問，先有雞還是先有雞蛋?這更側(cè)重于周期性的原因和后果，這就是說如果一只雞是從蛋里出來的，那蛋又是哪里來的?如果有另一只雞 那它應該也是從蛋里出來的，那到底是誰先出現(xiàn)?故事的一邊是我們的超載雞陣營，研究者認為形成雞蛋的核心蛋白質(zhì) OV-17 只在雞類的卵巢中被發(fā)現(xiàn)過，沒有它的話雞蛋殼就無法形成。

So without a chicken you technically cannot get a chicken egg.But this all depends on the nature and definition of a chicken egg in the first place.After all is a chicken egg an egg laid by a chicken? Or one that simply contains a chicken? Obviously the OV-17 bearing chicken had to come from somewhere.But if an elephant laid an egg from which a lion hatched,Would it be an elephant egg or a lion egg?

所以如果沒有雞 技術(shù)上就無法得到一個雞蛋，但這還得取決對“雞蛋”的自然初始定義，畢竟 是雞下的蛋稱作雞蛋呢?還是能孵出雞的蛋稱為雞蛋?顯然帶有OV-17的雞必須得是來自某處，但如果一只大象下了一個蛋 然后孵出一只獅子，那這是叫做“大象蛋”還是“獅子蛋”?

This leads to the other side of the story:Team Egg.During reproduction Two organisms pass along their genetic information in the from of DNA,But the replication of this DNA is never one hundred percent accurate.And often produces minor changes for the new organism.These small mutations in DNA over thousands of generations create new species.But these genetic mutations must occur in the zygote or initial cell.

這樣就出現(xiàn)了故事的另一個陣營：煎蛋隊 在生產(chǎn)過程中，兩個生物體通過DNA傳遞他們的基因信息，但有時候?qū)@個DNA的復制并不是百分百準確，這就經(jīng)常會造成新的生物體出現(xiàn)微小的改變，這種微小的DNA變異在經(jīng)歷數(shù)千代之后就會產(chǎn)生新物種，但這種基因突變一定得發(fā)生在受精卵或初期細胞中。

So a creature very similar to a chicken (which we could call a proto-chicken),Would have mated with another proto-chicken,And because of a small genetic mutation created the first chicken which grew in an egg.So the egg came first?Well team chicken might argue that this was simply a chicken growing inside of a proto-chicken egg.

所以一個類似雞的物種(我們就先稱之為原型雞)會同另一只原型雞交歡，由于微小的基因突變 于是就產(chǎn)生了第一只雞，從蛋里蹦出來的雞，所以是先有蛋咯?呵呵 超載雞方隊要抗辯了，這明明是一只從原型雞的蛋里蹦出來的雞。

However no-one mutation can ever really constitute a new species.Even though we humans like classify all creatures into different groups and names.This is based on how things currently are.And not how they were millions of years ago,The process of evolution is so gradual that no one proto-chick to chicken birth could really be considered a new species at the time.

然而實際上是沒有哪一次特定變異是能導致新物種產(chǎn)生的，即使是我們?nèi)祟愊矚g把所有物種分門別類，我們分類的基礎取決于物種當前的樣子，而不是它們千萬年前的樣子，整個進化的過程非常緩慢以至于沒法確定哪一次，原型雞生雞的特定生產(chǎn)是新物種的產(chǎn)生標志。

Much like how dogs have come from wolves,As humans began to interact with and domesticate wolves,There was no one single point where a wolf gave birth to a dog,But rather as particular traits came about from selective pressures.Such as choosing wolves who were not afraid of humans.Or ones that were less aggressive,Over many generations we conceived big genetic and behavioral trait differences.

這就好比狼演化成狗的過程，當人們開始與狼相處并馴養(yǎng)它們的時候，是沒有那個特定時刻是狼生出了一條狗的，但出于選擇性壓力出現(xiàn)了一些指定的特征，比如選擇那些不怕人類的狼，或那些性情相對溫和的 通過數(shù)代演變我們就得到了基因和行為特征不同的物種。

So where does this leave us? We are left with two scenarios,SOme ealy egg laying species gradually lead to the creation of the proto-chicken,which laid proto-chicken eggs.In one of these eggs there was a mutation causing a slight change,And selective advantage and this was ultimately the first chicken,Which then went on to lay chicken eggs.

但這告訴了我們什么?現(xiàn)在我們有兩種情形，一些早期的卵生動物逐步地導致了原型雞的產(chǎn)生，它們產(chǎn)了一些原型雞蛋，這其中有一只蛋里發(fā)生了基因突變，導致一些微小的選擇性優(yōu)勢終就成就了世界上第一只雞之后它又下了一些雞蛋。

In this case the chicken technically came first,Or we have a proto-chicken which gave birth to a chicken inside of what we would classify as a chicken egg and as such the egg came first.Which brings us back to the nomenclature and question of what is a chicken egg?Which is a fairly meaningless question,But at the end of the day what we can all agree on is that Regardless of whether it was a chicken egg or a proto-chicken egg,The first true chicken came from an egg,The egg came first!

這種情況下就是先有的雞，或者那只原型雞下了一只我們將其歸為雞蛋的蛋，然后從中孵出了小雞 這樣算就是先有的蛋，那我們就又回到了關(guān)于命名問題和什么是雞蛋的問題，可這問題真是稍顯無趣啊!但在最后 我們都能同意的一個說法就是，無論它是叫做雞蛋還是原型雞蛋，世界第一只真的猛雞來自于一個蛋。所以先有蛋!