歷屆美國總統(tǒng)介紹:第21任總統(tǒng) 切斯特·艾倫·阿瑟

　　Chester Alan Arthur was born in Vermont in 1829.He was the 21st President of the United States,becoming President after the assassination ofPresident James A. Garfield. His father was apreacher who had emigrated from Northern Ireland.He graduated from Union College in 1848 and wasadmitted to the bar. He startedpractising law in NewYork City before joining the Army to fight in the CivilWar.

　　1829年，切斯特·艾倫·阿瑟出生于佛蒙特州。詹姆斯·A·加菲爾德總統(tǒng)遇刺之后，阿瑟成為了美國第21任總統(tǒng)。他的父親是一名從北愛爾蘭移民的牧師。1848年，阿瑟畢業(yè)于聯(lián)合學(xué)院，并獲得律師資格。他開始在紐約從事律師行業(yè)，之后參加了美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)。

　　In 1871, Arthur was appointed by President UlyssesS. Grant to the politically powerful post of Collector of the Port of New York. He spent the nextdecade as a pawn in power struggles between different presidents. He was removed from hispost by President Rutherford B. Hayes. In 1880, Arthur was nominated to run forthe VicePresidency. He assumed office as Vice President in March 1881.

　　1871年，U·S·格蘭總總統(tǒng)特任命他為紐約海關(guān)稅收官，這是一個擁有政治權(quán)力的職位。在以后的十年中，他成為了兩名總統(tǒng)之間的得益者。海斯上任后將他免職。1880年，阿瑟成為了副總統(tǒng)候選人。1881年三月，他就任美國副總統(tǒng)。

　　During his brief tenure as Vice President, Arthur stood firmly beside President Garfield ininternal struggles within the Republican Party. But when Arthur succeeded to the Presidency,he was eager to prove himself above his party’s political squabbling. In 1883 he passed an actthat protected employees against removal for political reasons, as had happened to him in NewYork.

　　在他簡短的副總統(tǒng)任期內(nèi)，在共和黨內(nèi)部之間的爭斗中，阿瑟始終站在總統(tǒng)安菲爾德那一邊。但是當(dāng)阿瑟繼承總統(tǒng)職位后，他急于想證明自己，他是站在黨內(nèi)政治漩渦之上的人物。1883年，他通過了一項法案，這項法案指出，雇員將不會因為政治原因而解雇，在紐約，他就發(fā)生過這樣的事情。

　　The Arthur Administration enacted the first general Federal immigration law. Arthur approveda measure in 1882. Congress suspended Chinese immigration for ten years, later making therestriction permanent. He hadknown since a year after he succeeded to the Presidency thathe was suffering from a fatal kidney disease.He left office in 1885 and died a year later at theage of 57.

　　阿瑟政府建立了第一個聯(lián)邦移民法。1882年，阿瑟批準(zhǔn)了一項措施。國會對華工移民的時間是10年，之后這一限制得以固定。在繼任美國總統(tǒng)不久，他得知他患上了致命的腎病。1885年，卸任，并在一年之后去世，享年57歲。

本篇內(nèi)容翻譯來自可可英語網(wǎng)。