時差N小時:我們?yōu)槭裁葱枰?xì)菌?

The word “bacteria” likely conjures up nasty imagesin your mind of E. coli, several strains of which are acommon cause of food poisoning. You're reminded ofthe Black Death, a series of bacteria-inspiredplagues that swept through 14th century Europe.Where To Find Bacteria? But bacteria are not soisolated from us physically. To be found only insome contaminated foods stuff, like some bad E.coli.

一聽到“細(xì)菌”這個詞，便會讓人們聯(lián)想到惡心的大腸桿菌的畫面，其中有幾種大腸桿菌常常引起食物中毒。你還會想起14世紀(jì)席卷歐洲大陸的黑死病，這也是由于細(xì)菌引發(fā)的瘟疫。細(xì)菌存在于哪里?細(xì)菌并不能離開宿主獨(dú)立存在。例如一些糟糕的大腸桿菌會寄生在被污染的食物內(nèi)。

In fact, they can be found almost everywhere on and in the human body—on our skin, in ourmouths, guts, kidneys—just to name a few, and they are present in almost unbelievablenumbers. On average, a human body has about ten times more bacteria cells living in and onit, than it has human cells.

實(shí)際上，在人體表面或者體內(nèi)都能發(fā)現(xiàn)細(xì)菌——皮膚上，口腔內(nèi)，內(nèi)臟和腎臟內(nèi)都能找到，數(shù)不勝數(shù)，而且細(xì)菌的數(shù)量龐大得令人難以置信。平均來說，寄生在每個人體內(nèi)的細(xì)菌細(xì)胞數(shù)量比人體細(xì)胞多十倍。

So in a very real sense, you're more bacteria than human. Additionally not all bacteria aresuch bad guys, in fact quite the opposite is true. Your skin, for example, hosts a zoo of friendlybacteria that fight off real micro bad guys, giving you a sort of “invisible armor” againstharmful intruders.

因此從本質(zhì)上講，你比人類更細(xì)菌。此外，并不是所有的細(xì)菌都有害，事實(shí)上卻完全相反。例如你的皮膚上就寄生了各種友好的細(xì)菌，它們抵抗真正有害的微生物，為你提供一種“無形的護(hù)甲”以抵擋有害入侵。

And you have trillions more bacteria in your intestines helping you digest your food, andkeeping your immune system running strong. And further studies have found that somebacteria in the human gut may help adults ward off kidney stones and prevent children fromdeveloping asthma.

而且你的腸道內(nèi)也寄生著上萬億的細(xì)菌，幫助你消化食物，維護(hù)你的免疫系統(tǒng)正常運(yùn)行。進(jìn)一步的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)內(nèi)臟里的一些細(xì)菌有助于成年人預(yù)防腎結(jié)石，防止小孩患上哮喘。

So the next time you hear the word “bacteria”, don't let the few rotten apples spoil youropinion of the whole bunch, for many more of them are your friends than are your enemies.

因此，下次你再聽到“細(xì)菌”這個詞時，不要再讓爛蘋果壞了你對細(xì)菌的印象，因?yàn)橛押眉?xì)菌還是遠(yuǎn)多于有害細(xì)菌的。