除了其致命的爪子外,猶他盜龍憑借它的牙齒作為一個(gè)殺死獵物的有效工具。
And to ensure it always had a fresh set, Utahraptor had a special adaptation.
為了保證總有滿口鋒利牙齒,猶他盜龍有一種特殊的適應(yīng)力。
When we are looking at the jaw of something like Utahraptor, really, many of the predatory dinosaurs, we see that all the teeth aren't really at the same level, but rather they seem to be, some are really poking out a lot, some are just a little bit.
我們觀察猶他盜龍這類(lèi)恐龍頜骨時(shí),其實(shí)很多掠食恐龍都這樣,我們看到的牙齒不是真的在同一個(gè)水平的,相反的是它們似乎,有些真的支出來(lái)很多,有些則露出來(lái)一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)
What that is actually reflecting are the ways that the teeth are replaced.So they actually grow at different rates and at different times.
那實(shí)際上反映了的這些牙齒的更替方式。所以其實(shí)它們?cè)诓煌臅r(shí)間以不同的速度生長(zhǎng)。
These reptiles, like Utahraptor, are actually replacing teeth throughout their life, so they've got teeth, they are actually at different stages of their growth and different stage of eruption where they are in the jaw at different parts of their life.
像猶他盜龍這樣的爬行動(dòng)物,一生之中都在不斷地更換牙齒,所以它們的牙齒實(shí)際上處于不同的生長(zhǎng)階段,在它們生命的不同部分從頜上冒出來(lái)的狀態(tài)也不一樣。
This is actually a very wonderful strategy because these animals are actually breaking teeth.
這其實(shí)是一種非常奇妙的策略,因?yàn)檫@些動(dòng)物其實(shí)是在破壞牙齒。
Their life style of actually biting into other animals is pretty tough on their teeth.
它們靠撕咬其它動(dòng)物的生活方式對(duì)其牙齒是嚴(yán)峻考驗(yàn)。
And as a result, they are breaking teeth and wearing them down, yet there is always one in replacement, so they are always equiped with a series of these dagger-like teeth.
結(jié)果就是,它們?cè)谄茐难例X或者磨損它們,但總有一個(gè)替補(bǔ),所以它們一直都裝備著滿口匕首一般的利齒。
Along with its sharp claws and replaceable teeth, the Utahraptor was a master strategist.
除了擁有鋒利的爪子和可更新的牙齒,猶他盜龍還是策略高手。
We do CAT scanning of Raptor skulls.
我們對(duì)迅猛龍顱骨進(jìn)行CAT掃描。
We can see that these Raptors like Utahraptor had really fairly expanded brains.
我們能看見(jiàn)像猶他盜龍這樣的迅猛龍有相當(dāng)膨脹的腦部。
So we see expansion of the higher centers of the brain, the parts of the brain that are associated with maybe even some cognitive capabilities - the abilities to solve problems.
我們看到腦部的高級(jí)功能區(qū)的擴(kuò)大,這部分的大腦可能與認(rèn)知能力有關(guān),就是解決問(wèn)題的能力。
These guys had a pretty doglike advanced brain, very much like living birds of today, very smart smart animals.
這些家伙有跟狗非常像的先進(jìn)大腦,跟如今的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)非常相似,它們是很聰明的動(dòng)物。
Don't mess with the Raptor, you're gonna lose.
別去惹迅猛龍,你會(huì)輸?shù)摹?/p>
Being smarter than your prey is an excellent way to remain a top predator.
比你的獵物更加聰明是保持頂級(jí)掠食者王座的妙招。
But the ability to adapt to environmental changes is what makes any dinosaur successful.
不過(guò)適應(yīng)環(huán)境變化的能力才是恐龍成功的關(guān)鍵。
And in Utahraptor's time, the environment was going through some very dramatic changes indeed.
在猶他盜龍時(shí)期,環(huán)境確實(shí)正在經(jīng)歷著一些劇烈的改變。
Over the next several million years, the earth continued to cool and seasons became more extreme.
接下來(lái)的幾百萬(wàn)年,地球繼續(xù)變冷,季節(jié)越來(lái)越極端。
Plants became increasingly diverse to adapt to the changing seasons.
為了適應(yīng)季節(jié)的變化,植物的分化愈發(fā)明顯。
Herbivores ranged far and wide to find suitable food and the Utahraptor adapted its hunting strategies to take advantage.
植食動(dòng)物長(zhǎng)途跋涉來(lái)尋找合適的食物,猶他盜龍調(diào)整其狩獵策略來(lái)占便宜。
When you are a predator and your environment changes, you need to adjust your hunting methods accordingly.
如果你是一個(gè)掠食者而你周?chē)沫h(huán)境改變了,你就得相應(yīng)地調(diào)整狩獵方法。
If you are used to hunting in dense forest and then the forest is replaced by smaller bushes and open country, then you'd better be prepared to tweak your hunting methods.
如果你適應(yīng)在密林里捕獵,然后森林變成了灌叢或開(kāi)闊地,那你得準(zhǔn)備好改變你的狩獵方法。
And Utahraptor was an expert in doing just that.
猶他盜龍就是個(gè)中高手。