侏羅紀(jì)搏擊俱樂(lè)部 第127期:難以找到完整的骨架

Gastonia, being a large animal, was very stocky and well-muscled.

加斯頓龍，作為一個(gè)大型動(dòng)物，非常健壯、肌肉發(fā)達(dá)。

Utahraptor, for a predatory dinosaur, particularly a Dromaeosaur, it's a very strong powerfully-built animal as well.

猶他盜龍，作為掠食性恐龍，特別一個(gè)馳龍，也是非常健壯有力的動(dòng)物。

The squat four legged Gastonia's heavy load slows him down to four to five miles per hour.

四足矮壯的加斯頓龍沉重的負(fù)荷使它的速度只有每小時(shí)4到5英里。

In contrast, the two-legged Utahraptor is swift.

與之相反，兩足的猶他盜龍是迅速的。

He can sprint at speeds up to 20 miles per hour.

它沖刺時(shí)能加速到20英里每小時(shí)。

There is nothing fast or agile about Gastonia.

加斯頓龍跟速度和敏捷完全不搭邊。

He's built like a little Sherman tank.

它的構(gòu)造就像是一輛小型謝爾曼坦克。

He's very slow, he's very heavy, he plods along, he doesn't really need to be agile or fast.

它非常緩慢，身軀沉重，步伐蹣跚，它根本用不著變得敏捷或迅速。

Utahraptor, on the other hand, is a pretty fast, agile dinosaur.

猶他盜龍，則剛好相反，是相當(dāng)迅速敏捷的恐龍。

He's got to be because he's hunting and chasing prey.

它必須這樣，因?yàn)樗分鸩妒倡C物。

His body is designed to be quick.

它的身體就是為了快速而設(shè)計(jì)的。

His long, stiff tail helps counterbalance him so he's a very quick, very agile and very fast dinosaur.

有又硬又長(zhǎng)的尾巴能幫助保持平衡，它是非常迅速而靈活的恐龍。

It's very rare to find complete skeletons.

很難得找到完整的骨架。

Paleontologists rely on cast replicas to fill in the missing parts.

古生物學(xué)家靠制作副本來(lái)填充缺失部分。

By making life-size replicas of these ancient creatures, researchers can develop a better visual picture of how and why they fought for survival.

通過(guò)制作這些遠(yuǎn)古生物真實(shí)尺寸的副本，研究者能夠?qū)λ鼈內(nèi)绾渭盀槭裁催M(jìn)行生存斗爭(zhēng)建立一個(gè)更好的視覺(jué)圖像。

Casts are really important in the sense that it allows an exchange of information among universities and researchers and school children and enthusiasts.

模型在一定程度上很重要，它能在大學(xué)、研究者學(xué)校學(xué)生和恐龍愛(ài)好者之間形成信息交換。

Also seeing casts mount in museums is really great because it allows the bones to stay in an area where researchers can go in and look at the individual bones.

同樣看見(jiàn)模型放置在博物館里也非常好，因?yàn)檫@讓骨頭待在一個(gè)研究者們能進(jìn)去看每一塊骨頭的地方。

It really helps shed new light on new discoveries.

這真的能幫助給新發(fā)現(xiàn)帶來(lái)啟發(fā)。

Utahraptor stood upright and moved on two legs which made him far more agile than the four legged Gastonia.

猶他盜龍用兩足直立移動(dòng)，這讓它遠(yuǎn)比四足行走的加斯頓龍要更加靈活。

So if you can envision a battle between an animal like Utahraptor, with the classic predatory tools at its disposal, and Gastonia, which is an animal that was not fast, it was a quadruped, would just sort-of stay put, and hunker down, and basically make it too difficult for the Utahraptor to get a meal out of it.

要是你想象一場(chǎng)恐龍大戰(zhàn)，一方是有著經(jīng)典的掠食性工具任他處理的猶他盜龍，另一方是加斯頓龍，是一種速度不快的動(dòng)物，它是四足動(dòng)物，它就是待在那里，放低身體，基本上使猶他盜龍很難從它身上獲得一塊肉。

To make a modern analogy, think of Utahraptor as a wolf and Gastonia as a porcupine.

做一個(gè)現(xiàn)代的類比，可以把猶他盜龍當(dāng)成狼而加斯頓龍當(dāng)成是豪豬。

In order to attack the porcupine, the wolf is going to have to be incredibly careful in choosing how and when he's going to attack.

為了能夠攻擊豪豬，狼必須非常小心地選擇如何攻擊和何時(shí)攻擊。

But as for the Porcupine, he can just sit there and wait.

不過(guò)對(duì)于豪豬，它只要坐在那里等待。

Well, that is basically what we have in Utahraptor and Gastonia.

那基本上就是猶他盜龍和加斯頓龍的情況。

One has to do all the work and stands to lose a lot, and the other just sits by and waits.

一方必須做所有的工作并堅(jiān)持著失去很多(能量)，另一方則只要坐著等待。