走進(jìn)劍橋大學(xué) 第22期:塞繆爾佩皮斯的日記

所屬教程:走進(jìn)劍橋大學(xué)

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2018年04月23日

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Samuel Pepys's Diaries

塞繆爾佩皮斯的日記

Samuel Pepys is famous for his diaries, which cover the years 1659-1669，and he also enjoyed a successful career as a naval administrator and Member of Parliament.

塞繆爾佩皮斯是以他1659-1669年的日記而聞名于世的，同時(shí)他也是成功的英國海軍官員和下議院議員。

Samuel Pepys was born on 23 February 1633 near Fleet Street in London, the son of a tailor. He was educated at St Paul's School in London and Cambridge University. After graduating, Pepys was employed as secretary to Edward Montagu, a distant relative who was a councillor of state during the Cromwellian protectorate and later served Charles II. In 1655, Pepys married 15-year old Elizabeth, daughter of a Huguenot. In 1658，he underwent a dangerous operation for the removal of a bladder stone. Every year on the anniversary of the operation, he celebrated his recovery.

1633年2月23日，塞繆爾佩皮斯出生于倫敦的艦隊(duì)街附近，是一個(gè)裁縫的兒子。他就讀于倫敦的圣保羅學(xué)校和劍橋大學(xué)。畢業(yè)后，佩皮斯被雇為遠(yuǎn)房親戚愛德華蒙太古的秘書。愛德華蒙太古是克倫威爾攝政和隨后的查理二世執(zhí)政時(shí)期的議員。1665年，佩皮斯和15歲的伊麗莎白結(jié)婚，伊麗莎白是一個(gè)胡格諾教徒的女兒。1658年，為了敢出膀胱結(jié)石，佩皮斯做了一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)的手術(shù)。此后每年他都會在手術(shù)紀(jì)念曰舉行活動，慶祝自己身體康復(fù)。

Pepys began his diary on 1 January 1660. It is written in a form of shorthand, with names in longhand. It ranges from private remarks, including revelations of infidelity — to detailed observations of major events in 17th century England, such as the plague of 1665, the Great Fire of London and Charlesn's coronation; and some of the key figures of the era, including Sir Christopher Wren and Sir Isaac Newton. Fear of losing his eyesight prompted Pepys to stop writing the diary in 1669.

1660年1月1日，佩皮斯開始寫日記。他是用速記法寫的，但是名字用普通寫法記錄。他的日記內(nèi)容廣泛，包括從披露通奸的個(gè)人評論到1665年的疸疫、倫敦大火和查理二世加冕的17世紀(jì)英格蘭重大事件的細(xì)致觀察，包羅萬象。此外，佩皮斯的日記還記錄了那個(gè)時(shí)代的重要人物，包括克里斯多弗雷恩爵士和艾薩克牛頓爵士。由于害怕失明，佩皮斯1669年停止了寫日記。

In June 1660, Pepys was appointed clerk of the acts to the navy board, a key post in one of the most important of all government departments. This is a position that brings a new house for him and his wife. Fiercely devoted to his wife, he nevertheless records many experiences where he looks at, kisses, and “dallies with” other women, a trend that he will continue throughout The Diary of Samuel Pepys, and a trend that will slowly invoke the ire of his wife, Elizabeth.

1660年6月，佩皮斯被任命為海軍委員會的執(zhí)行辦事員，這是重要政府部門中的關(guān)鍵職位。這個(gè)職位給他和妻子帶來了一座新房子。雖然佩皮斯對妻子很專一，但他卻記錄了很多自己關(guān)注、親吻和調(diào)戲其他女人的經(jīng)歷。在《塞繆爾佩皮斯日記》中，他繼續(xù)這樣記錄，逐漸招致了妻子伊麗莎白的不滿和憤怒。

Most of his leisure he spent on his library. He intensified his search for books and prints，setting himself a target of 3000 volumes. Pepys and his library clerk devised a great three-volumed catalogue. He bequeathed his library to the Magdalene College，Cam-bridge. His library contains a unique collection of 3,000 books and manuscripts.

閑暇時(shí)，佩皮斯一般待在自己創(chuàng)建的圖書館里。他加強(qiáng)對書籍和印刷品的研究，為自己制訂了一個(gè)搜集3000卷書的目標(biāo)。佩皮斯和他的圖書館助理還制作了一個(gè)大的三卷式目錄。他把圖書館捐贈給了劍橋大學(xué)麥格達(dá)倫學(xué)院。他的圖書館收藏了珍貴的3000卷書和手稿。

Pepys earned his place in history by his work for the navy, but perhaps these diary volumes, and the library containing them, are his most eloquent memorials.They speak, as no other relics can, of the man himself.

對英國海軍的貢獻(xiàn)使得佩皮斯在歷史上占有一席之地，但也許是這些日記冊以及收藏日記冊的圖書館才是佩皮斯功勛的最好紀(jì)念物。沒有其他遺物能夠像日記那樣代表佩皮斯。