每日一詞：Protection and restoration of the Yangtze River 長江保護修復(fù)

17個部門和單位近日聯(lián)合印發(fā)《深入打好長江保護修復(fù)攻堅戰(zhàn)行動方案》，要求到2025年年底，長江流域總體水質(zhì)保持優(yōu)良，干流水質(zhì)保持Ⅱ類，飲用水安全保障水平持續(xù)提升，重要河湖生態(tài)用水得到有效保障，水生態(tài)質(zhì)量明顯提升。
China has issued an action plan to further advance the ecological and environmental protection and restoration of the Yangtze River basin. By the end of 2025, the overall water quality of the basin should remain sound, and the water quality of the main stream should stay at Grade II in the country's five-tier water quality system, according to the action plan jointly issued by 17 government authorities. The action plan has also set the goal of continuously improving the safety of drinking water, effectively guaranteeing the ecological water use of important rivers and lakes, and significantly raising the quality of water ecology of the basin by the end of 2025.
 
2022年9月2日，在長江重慶江津段，重慶市江津區(qū)鴻鵠護漁志愿隊隊員在長江上游珍稀特有魚類國家級自然保護區(qū)巡護（無人機照片）。（圖片來源：新華社）
 
【知識點】
長江是中華民族的母親河，是我國重要的戰(zhàn)略水源地、生態(tài)寶庫和黃金水道，是中華民族永續(xù)發(fā)展的重要支撐。“十三五”以來，各部門各地區(qū)認真落實黨中央、國務(wù)院決策部署，堅持問題導(dǎo)向、目標導(dǎo)向，始終把長江保護修復(fù)作為污染防治攻堅戰(zhàn)重大標志性戰(zhàn)役來抓。2018年，《長江保護修復(fù)攻堅戰(zhàn)行動計劃》印發(fā)實施。經(jīng)過3年攻堅，長江生態(tài)環(huán)境發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折性變化，階段性目標任務(wù)圓滿完成。盡管長江環(huán)境質(zhì)量改善明顯，但部分地區(qū)環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施欠賬較多。同時，一些地方濕地萎縮，水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)失衡，重點湖泊藍藻水華居高不下，水生態(tài)保護與修復(fù)亟須突破?？傮w看，長江保護修復(fù)面臨的形勢依然復(fù)雜，任務(wù)依然艱巨。
新發(fā)布的《深入打好長江保護修復(fù)攻堅戰(zhàn)行動方案》提出四大攻堅任務(wù)。在持續(xù)深化水環(huán)境綜合治理方面，要深入推進城鎮(zhèn)污水垃圾處理、強化船舶與港口污染防治、加強磷污染綜合治理、推進錳污染綜合治理、深入推進尾礦庫污染治理等。在深入推進水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)修復(fù)方面，要建立健全長江流域水生態(tài)考核機制、扎實推進水生生物多樣性恢復(fù)等。在著力提升水資源保障程度方面，要嚴格落實用水總量和強度雙控制度、鞏固小水電清理整改成果等。在加快形成綠色發(fā)展管控格局方面，要推動全流域精細化分區(qū)管控、完善污染源管理體系等。
 
【重要講話】
要加快建立生態(tài)產(chǎn)品價值實現(xiàn)機制，讓保護修復(fù)生態(tài)環(huán)境獲得合理回報，讓破壞生態(tài)環(huán)境付出相應(yīng)代價。
The establishment of a mechanism should be accelerated whereby protection and restoration of the ecological environment shall be reasonably rewarded, while those responsible for the ecological environment destruction shall pay their due price.
——2020年11月14日，習近平在全面推動長江經(jīng)濟帶發(fā)展座談會上發(fā)表的重要講話
 
中國堅持綠水青山就是金山銀山的理念，推動山水林田湖草沙一體化保護和系統(tǒng)治理，全力以赴推進生態(tài)文明建設(shè)，全力以赴加強污染防治，全力以赴改善人民生產(chǎn)生活環(huán)境。
Guided by our philosophy that clean waters and green mountains are just as valuable as gold and silver, China has carried out holistic conservation and systematic governance of its mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, grasslands and deserts. We do everything we can to conserve the ecological system, intensify pollution prevention and control, and improve the living and working environment for our people.
——1月17日，習近平在2022年世界經(jīng)濟論壇視頻會議的演講
 
【相關(guān)詞匯】
長江保護法
Yangtze River Protection Law
長江經(jīng)濟帶
Yangtze River Economic Belt