每日一詞：Protection and restoration of the Yangtze River 長江保護(hù)修復(fù)

17個(gè)部門和單位近日聯(lián)合印發(fā)《深入打好長江保護(hù)修復(fù)攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)行動(dòng)方案》，要求到2025年年底，長江流域總體水質(zhì)保持優(yōu)良，干流水質(zhì)保持Ⅱ類，飲用水安全保障水平持續(xù)提升，重要河湖生態(tài)用水得到有效保障，水生態(tài)質(zhì)量明顯提升。
China has issued an action plan to further advance the ecological and environmental protection and restoration of the Yangtze River basin. By the end of 2025, the overall water quality of the basin should remain sound, and the water quality of the main stream should stay at Grade II in the country's five-tier water quality system, according to the action plan jointly issued by 17 government authorities. The action plan has also set the goal of continuously improving the safety of drinking water, effectively guaranteeing the ecological water use of important rivers and lakes, and significantly raising the quality of water ecology of the basin by the end of 2025.
 
2022年9月2日，在長江重慶江津段，重慶市江津區(qū)鴻鵠護(hù)漁志愿隊(duì)隊(duì)員在長江上游珍稀特有魚類國家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)巡護(hù)（無人機(jī)照片）。（圖片來源：新華社）
 
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】
長江是中華民族的母親河，是我國重要的戰(zhàn)略水源地、生態(tài)寶庫和黃金水道，是中華民族永續(xù)發(fā)展的重要支撐。“十三五”以來，各部門各地區(qū)認(rèn)真落實(shí)黨中央、國務(wù)院決策部署，堅(jiān)持問題導(dǎo)向、目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向，始終把長江保護(hù)修復(fù)作為污染防治攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)重大標(biāo)志性戰(zhàn)役來抓。2018年，《長江保護(hù)修復(fù)攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)行動(dòng)計(jì)劃》印發(fā)實(shí)施。經(jīng)過3年攻堅(jiān)，長江生態(tài)環(huán)境發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折性變化，階段性目標(biāo)任務(wù)圓滿完成。盡管長江環(huán)境質(zhì)量改善明顯，但部分地區(qū)環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施欠賬較多。同時(shí)，一些地方濕地萎縮，水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)失衡，重點(diǎn)湖泊藍(lán)藻水華居高不下，水生態(tài)保護(hù)與修復(fù)亟須突破?？傮w看，長江保護(hù)修復(fù)面臨的形勢依然復(fù)雜，任務(wù)依然艱巨。
新發(fā)布的《深入打好長江保護(hù)修復(fù)攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)行動(dòng)方案》提出四大攻堅(jiān)任務(wù)。在持續(xù)深化水環(huán)境綜合治理方面，要深入推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)污水垃圾處理、強(qiáng)化船舶與港口污染防治、加強(qiáng)磷污染綜合治理、推進(jìn)錳污染綜合治理、深入推進(jìn)尾礦庫污染治理等。在深入推進(jìn)水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)修復(fù)方面，要建立健全長江流域水生態(tài)考核機(jī)制、扎實(shí)推進(jìn)水生生物多樣性恢復(fù)等。在著力提升水資源保障程度方面，要嚴(yán)格落實(shí)用水總量和強(qiáng)度雙控制度、鞏固小水電清理整改成果等。在加快形成綠色發(fā)展管控格局方面，要推動(dòng)全流域精細(xì)化分區(qū)管控、完善污染源管理體系等。
 
【重要講話】
要加快建立生態(tài)產(chǎn)品價(jià)值實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)制，讓保護(hù)修復(fù)生態(tài)環(huán)境獲得合理回報(bào)，讓破壞生態(tài)環(huán)境付出相應(yīng)代價(jià)。
The establishment of a mechanism should be accelerated whereby protection and restoration of the ecological environment shall be reasonably rewarded, while those responsible for the ecological environment destruction shall pay their due price.
——2020年11月14日，習(xí)近平在全面推動(dòng)長江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶發(fā)展座談會(huì)上發(fā)表的重要講話
 
中國堅(jiān)持綠水青山就是金山銀山的理念，推動(dòng)山水林田湖草沙一體化保護(hù)和系統(tǒng)治理，全力以赴推進(jìn)生態(tài)文明建設(shè)，全力以赴加強(qiáng)污染防治，全力以赴改善人民生產(chǎn)生活環(huán)境。
Guided by our philosophy that clean waters and green mountains are just as valuable as gold and silver, China has carried out holistic conservation and systematic governance of its mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, grasslands and deserts. We do everything we can to conserve the ecological system, intensify pollution prevention and control, and improve the living and working environment for our people.
——1月17日，習(xí)近平在2022年世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇視頻會(huì)議的演講
 
【相關(guān)詞匯】
長江保護(hù)法
Yangtze River Protection Law
長江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶
Yangtze River Economic Belt