CNN News: 公共場所應(yīng)不應(yīng)該移除南方紀(jì)念雕像？

In several U.S. states and communities, debates are flaring over what to do about Confederate monuments and statues in public areas. Last weekend's protest and violence in Charlottesville, Virginia, followed a city council decision to remove a statue of Confederate General Robert E. Lee from a public park.
在美國多個(gè)州和社區(qū)，就如何處理公共區(qū)域的南方聯(lián)邦紀(jì)念像的討論正在升溫。上周末，弗吉尼亞州夏洛茨維爾市爆發(fā)抗議和暴力事件，原因是此前市議會(huì)決定將一尊南方聯(lián)邦將軍羅伯特•李的雕像從公園移走。
The history behind these controversies goes back to the U.S. Civil War, which raged between the Union and the Confederacy from 1861 to 1865. A number of complex issues led to it. The authority of the federal government, economic differences, states rights, all factored in.
這些爭議的歷史可以追溯到美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)——1861年到1865年美聯(lián)邦和南方邦聯(lián)之間爆發(fā)的戰(zhàn)爭。若干復(fù)雜的問題導(dǎo)致了內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)。聯(lián)邦政府的權(quán)威、經(jīng)濟(jì)差異、各州權(quán)利等所有因素都是導(dǎo)火索。
Slavery was a major issue. Confederate states where slavery was legal also wanted it to be legal in future states, as the U.S. population grew and moved west.
奴隸制是一個(gè)主要問題。在南部各州，奴隸制是合法的，而且他們希望隨著美國人口不斷增長并向西遷移，在未來的各個(gè)州奴隸制也依然會(huì)是合法的。
A few Union states also allowed slavery at the start of the war, but the Union did not want it to be allowed in the Western territories. And in 1863, President Abraham Lincoln abolished slavery altogether in Southern states. Of course, the Union ultimately won the war. Slavery was abolished nationwide after the conflict ended.
在戰(zhàn)爭開始階段，一些北方聯(lián)邦也允許奴隸制存在，但聯(lián)邦政府不希望西部領(lǐng)土允許奴隸制存在。1963年，亞伯拉罕·林肯總統(tǒng)廢除了南方各州的奴隸制。當(dāng)然，北方聯(lián)邦最終贏得了內(nèi)戰(zhàn)。內(nèi)戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，美國徹底廢除奴隸制。
And today, many Americans who want Confederate statues removed from U.S. parks and landmarks see these statues as symbols of slavery and racism, while many who support keeping the statues, including U.S. President Donald Trump, see them as symbols of American history and heritage.
當(dāng)今，許多美國人將這些雕像視為奴隸制和種族主義的象征，因而希望移除這些位于美國各公園和地標(biāo)處的南方聯(lián)邦紀(jì)念像。而許多支持保留這些雕像的人，包括美國總統(tǒng)唐納德·特朗普，則把他們視為美國歷史和遺產(chǎn)的象征。
There are estimated to be around 1,500 Confederate symbols on U.S. public land today. They can be found in 31 states across the country. Schools, parks and other public works are named for Confederate generals. Most of the statues and symbols exist in the Southern U.S., though they can be found as far north as Massachusetts and as far west as California.
據(jù)估計(jì)，目前美國公共區(qū)域大約有1500座南方聯(lián)邦雕像。它們遍及全美31個(gè)州。還有以南方聯(lián)邦將軍命名的學(xué)校、公園和其他公共工程。大部分雕像和象征位于美國南部地區(qū)，盡管在北至馬薩諸塞州和西至加利福尼亞州這些地區(qū)也能發(fā)現(xiàn)這類雕像。