讀《FT·金融時(shí)報(bào)》學(xué)英語(yǔ)：J·K·羅琳：就算輸了也要保持微笑
在一次大型藝術(shù)展開始之前，筆者有幸遇到了Maqbool Fida Husain先生，他當(dāng)時(shí)正在接受采訪。
“So, Mr.Husain, how does it feel to be a winner?”
記者：“Husain先生，當(dāng)一個(gè)贏家是什么感覺(jué)？”
He said in his soft, resonant voice, “I am an artist.”
他用低沉和藹的聲音回答道：“我是一個(gè)藝術(shù)家。”
“Yes.How does it feel to be winning prizes?”
記者：“嗯，我知道，那得獎(jiǎng)是什么感覺(jué)？”
He said, more firmly, “Every day I come to this studio and what I do is, I use my imagination, I make draft sketches, and then I paint.Every day, I make art.You understand? Winning is not what I spend my days doing.”
他的語(yǔ)氣更加堅(jiān)定，他說(shuō)：“每天我來(lái)到工作室所做的事情就是發(fā)揮想象力，畫草圖，上色。每天我都在制造藝術(shù)品。你懂么？我每天費(fèi)盡心力并不是為了贏。”
It's been more than 20 years, but I've often thought of that exchange, which I'd recorded in my notes.Winning and losing: we do so much of each in our lives, and most of us have, if we're honest, a complicated, intensely personal relationship with competitiveness.Modern culture places a premium on learning how to do either gracefully.You're supposed to lose with a smile, a shrug, to make a handsome bow in the direction of the one who won the shining trophy instead of you.You're supposed also to be a good winner, expansive in your moment of triumph towards those who didn't make the cut, to display humility, gratitude, generosity.
這件事已經(jīng)過(guò)去20多年了，但是我還是會(huì)時(shí)常想起那次對(duì)話，我把這些內(nèi)容記到了筆記中。贏和輸：我們?cè)谏钪胁粩嘟?jīng)歷輸贏，坦白說(shuō)，我們中大多數(shù)人與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力都有著千絲萬(wàn)縷的、密切的私交?，F(xiàn)代文化使得人們更加注重學(xué)習(xí)“無(wú)論輸贏都優(yōu)雅應(yīng)對(duì)”的能力。哪怕輸了，你也應(yīng)該保持微笑，或者聳聳肩，或者向著那個(gè)贏的人的方向?yàn)t灑鞠上一躬，畢竟他贏得了熠熠生輝的獎(jiǎng)杯，而不是你。如果你贏了，你也應(yīng)該做一個(gè)好的贏家，向沒(méi)有晉級(jí)的人張開胸懷，展現(xiàn)出你是個(gè)虛懷若谷、心懷感恩、慷慨大方的人。
When the US president rage-tweets his anger at losing the popular vote in the recent elections, declaring that “I won the popular vote if you deduct the millions of people who voted illegally”, he is not merely breaking a norm of social politeness by being a bad loser.He demonstrates that even the most powerful can succumb to an overdeveloped sense of entitlement, an inability to accept a loss and move on.
美國(guó)總統(tǒng)由于在最近的大選中輸了直接選票，就怒發(fā)推特來(lái)宣泄他的憤怒，他說(shuō)：“如果去掉那些非法投票的人的選票，那我就贏了。”這樣做使他成了一個(gè)徹底的輸家，不僅僅是破壞社會(huì)禮貌規(guī)范那么簡(jiǎn)單了。從他身上我們可以看出，哪怕是最有權(quán)力的人也會(huì)屈服于一發(fā)不可收拾的特權(quán)感，難以接受失去，然后繼續(xù)前行。
Wanting to win is different from wanting to be successful—to win, you must have opponents to beat, which is what I find slightly uncomfortable about the business of prizes and shortlists.Success is more internal; it has a private side to it.
渴望成為贏家與渴望成功有所不同。如果要贏，你必須打敗對(duì)手，這也是我認(rèn)為商業(yè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)和提名的些許不妥之處。而成功則主要在于內(nèi)心，有更加私人的一面。
In 2008, JK Rowling made a commencement address to Harvard students.She said that, at their age, her greatest fear was not of poverty, but of failure.She experienced both—seven years after her graduation, she had a failed marriage, was jobless, a single parent, very poor.But she decided to speak about the benefits of failure, because “failure meant a stripping away of the inessential”.It freed her to find out what really mattered to her, when all she had was the daughter she loved, some friends, and “an old typewriter and a big idea”.
2008年，J·K·羅琳給哈佛大學(xué)學(xué)生做了一次畢業(yè)演講。她說(shuō)，當(dāng)她在大家這個(gè)年齡時(shí)，她最怕的不是貧窮，而是失敗。畢業(yè)7年以后，這兩種苦她都嘗了個(gè)遍。她婚姻失敗，丟了工作，是個(gè)單身母親，還生活窘迫。但是她想談的是失敗的益處，因?yàn)?ldquo;失敗將那些非本質(zhì)的東西都剝離了”。因此她可以找到對(duì)她真正重要的東西，因?yàn)樗鶕碛械娜績(jī)H有一個(gè)深愛(ài)的女兒、一些朋友、一臺(tái)舊的打字機(jī)和腦袋里的宏偉藍(lán)圖。
Why do people love this story? Because of the determination Rowling expresses, and her fierce discipline, but chiefly because she succeeded beyond anyone's wildest dreams.Without the success of the Harry Potter series, the failures she describes would be dismally ordinary, the everyday circumstance of someone with talent never writing her books, or never getting published, or being published and falling unremarked upon through the cracks.
為什么人們喜歡這個(gè)故事？可能是因?yàn)榱_琳表達(dá)出的決心，或她所經(jīng)歷的磨煉，但是最主要的還是她成功了，甚至實(shí)現(xiàn)了人們異想天開的夢(mèng)想。如果哈利·波特系列沒(méi)有成功，她所描述的失敗也就不足掛齒，那就是一個(gè)普通的故事，一個(gè)有才華的人從未寫書，或所寫的書從未出版，或出版之后無(wú)人問(wèn)津。
I believed that I had developed an immunity of sorts to the deep vulnerability that accompanies competitiveness, after being on the other side, evaluating applications for residencies and books for literary prizes.The first time I was asked to be on a prize jury, I swung between extremes of pleasure—so many voluptuous hours of reading！—and anxiety, completely terrified that I might miss a quiet gem, make the wrong decisions, not do sufficient justice to some writer's talent.
我認(rèn)為，在審批居住申請(qǐng)、評(píng)估獲獎(jiǎng)圖書之后，我已經(jīng)擁有了免疫力，對(duì)抗伴隨競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力而來(lái)的深深的脆弱。我第一次被邀請(qǐng)出任評(píng)獎(jiǎng)委員會(huì)委員時(shí)，我既興奮——可以數(shù)小時(shí)享受閱讀的快樂(lè)——又充滿焦慮，非常害怕我可能會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)一塊璞玉，做出錯(cuò)誤的決定，使得一些作家明珠暗投。
From that time of reading other writers' work and being on juries, I learnt something that helped me get over my own fear of losing.After some years you recognise that, beyond prizes, there is an almost endless stream of ideas, and possibilities, and rewards.Some are visible, some are more subtle, but this stream is available to artists, writers and anyone willing to discipline themselves to the routines of practice and creation.
通過(guò)閱讀其他作者的作品，擔(dān)任評(píng)委，我學(xué)到了能夠幫助我戰(zhàn)勝怕輸心態(tài)的辦法。許多年后你會(huì)意識(shí)到，永不干涸的靈感之泉，無(wú)限的可能性和回報(bào)，比獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)重要得多。有些是有形的，有些則需要仔細(xì)觀察才能發(fā)現(xiàn)，但是藝術(shù)家、作家，或是任何想要通過(guò)練習(xí)和創(chuàng)造磨煉自己的人，都能擁有這涓涓細(xì)流。
I had come to this happy realisation, won a few prizes, lost out on some, and retained my equilibrium through both sets of experiences, when I met a writer who was a legend to his readers in his local language but, at that time, almost unknown to Indians who read only in English.
我已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生了以上令人欣喜的頓悟，贏了一些獎(jiǎng)，也輸了一些。輸過(guò)贏過(guò)之后，我的心態(tài)已經(jīng)較為平衡，這時(shí)，我遇到了一個(gè)作家，在說(shuō)當(dāng)?shù)卣Z(yǔ)言的讀者們心中，他是傳奇人物，但是在只說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的印度人中卻默默無(wú)聞。
He had won a major prize for authors in translation.He dealt with the media with the grace and humility you hope that writers you admire will demonstrate, and I thought that here was a lesson in not taking prizes too seriously.
他贏得了一個(gè)譯作界的大獎(jiǎng)。他在面對(duì)媒體時(shí)，十分得體謙遜，展現(xiàn)出了你對(duì)所喜愛(ài)作家期待的一切品質(zhì)。我認(rèn)為這個(gè)人就是能看淡獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的典范。
We were sharing a taxi to the awards ceremony.The writer got in, checked quickly to see that no one else was watching—and then bounced on the seat like an excitable three-year-old.“I won！” he said.“I'm so happy that I won the prize！” Then he confided to me, as though it was a most precious secret: “You see, I like winning.”
我們?nèi)ヮC獎(jiǎng)典禮坐的是同一輛車。這個(gè)作家上車之后，迅速環(huán)顧四周看看確保沒(méi)人在看他后，興奮地跳上座位，仿佛一個(gè)三歲孩子。他說(shuō)：“我贏啦。能得到這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)我真開心！”接下來(lái)，他對(duì)我坦白說(shuō)：“你看，我喜歡做贏家”，仿佛是在告訴我一個(gè)最珍貴的秘密。
“So, Mr.Husain, how does it feel to be a winner?”
記者：“Husain先生，當(dāng)一個(gè)贏家是什么感覺(jué)？”
He said in his soft, resonant voice, “I am an artist.”
他用低沉和藹的聲音回答道：“我是一個(gè)藝術(shù)家。”
“Yes.How does it feel to be winning prizes?”
記者：“嗯，我知道，那得獎(jiǎng)是什么感覺(jué)？”
He said, more firmly, “Every day I come to this studio and what I do is, I use my imagination, I make draft sketches, and then I paint.Every day, I make art.You understand? Winning is not what I spend my days doing.”
他的語(yǔ)氣更加堅(jiān)定，他說(shuō)：“每天我來(lái)到工作室所做的事情就是發(fā)揮想象力，畫草圖，上色。每天我都在制造藝術(shù)品。你懂么？我每天費(fèi)盡心力并不是為了贏。”
It's been more than 20 years, but I've often thought of that exchange, which I'd recorded in my notes.Winning and losing: we do so much of each in our lives, and most of us have, if we're honest, a complicated, intensely personal relationship with competitiveness.Modern culture places a premium on learning how to do either gracefully.You're supposed to lose with a smile, a shrug, to make a handsome bow in the direction of the one who won the shining trophy instead of you.You're supposed also to be a good winner, expansive in your moment of triumph towards those who didn't make the cut, to display humility, gratitude, generosity.
這件事已經(jīng)過(guò)去20多年了，但是我還是會(huì)時(shí)常想起那次對(duì)話，我把這些內(nèi)容記到了筆記中。贏和輸：我們?cè)谏钪胁粩嘟?jīng)歷輸贏，坦白說(shuō)，我們中大多數(shù)人與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力都有著千絲萬(wàn)縷的、密切的私交?，F(xiàn)代文化使得人們更加注重學(xué)習(xí)“無(wú)論輸贏都優(yōu)雅應(yīng)對(duì)”的能力。哪怕輸了，你也應(yīng)該保持微笑，或者聳聳肩，或者向著那個(gè)贏的人的方向?yàn)t灑鞠上一躬，畢竟他贏得了熠熠生輝的獎(jiǎng)杯，而不是你。如果你贏了，你也應(yīng)該做一個(gè)好的贏家，向沒(méi)有晉級(jí)的人張開胸懷，展現(xiàn)出你是個(gè)虛懷若谷、心懷感恩、慷慨大方的人。
When the US president rage-tweets his anger at losing the popular vote in the recent elections, declaring that “I won the popular vote if you deduct the millions of people who voted illegally”, he is not merely breaking a norm of social politeness by being a bad loser.He demonstrates that even the most powerful can succumb to an overdeveloped sense of entitlement, an inability to accept a loss and move on.
美國(guó)總統(tǒng)由于在最近的大選中輸了直接選票，就怒發(fā)推特來(lái)宣泄他的憤怒，他說(shuō)：“如果去掉那些非法投票的人的選票，那我就贏了。”這樣做使他成了一個(gè)徹底的輸家，不僅僅是破壞社會(huì)禮貌規(guī)范那么簡(jiǎn)單了。從他身上我們可以看出，哪怕是最有權(quán)力的人也會(huì)屈服于一發(fā)不可收拾的特權(quán)感，難以接受失去，然后繼續(xù)前行。
Wanting to win is different from wanting to be successful—to win, you must have opponents to beat, which is what I find slightly uncomfortable about the business of prizes and shortlists.Success is more internal; it has a private side to it.
渴望成為贏家與渴望成功有所不同。如果要贏，你必須打敗對(duì)手，這也是我認(rèn)為商業(yè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)和提名的些許不妥之處。而成功則主要在于內(nèi)心，有更加私人的一面。
In 2008, JK Rowling made a commencement address to Harvard students.She said that, at their age, her greatest fear was not of poverty, but of failure.She experienced both—seven years after her graduation, she had a failed marriage, was jobless, a single parent, very poor.But she decided to speak about the benefits of failure, because “failure meant a stripping away of the inessential”.It freed her to find out what really mattered to her, when all she had was the daughter she loved, some friends, and “an old typewriter and a big idea”.
2008年，J·K·羅琳給哈佛大學(xué)學(xué)生做了一次畢業(yè)演講。她說(shuō)，當(dāng)她在大家這個(gè)年齡時(shí)，她最怕的不是貧窮，而是失敗。畢業(yè)7年以后，這兩種苦她都嘗了個(gè)遍。她婚姻失敗，丟了工作，是個(gè)單身母親，還生活窘迫。但是她想談的是失敗的益處，因?yàn)?ldquo;失敗將那些非本質(zhì)的東西都剝離了”。因此她可以找到對(duì)她真正重要的東西，因?yàn)樗鶕碛械娜績(jī)H有一個(gè)深愛(ài)的女兒、一些朋友、一臺(tái)舊的打字機(jī)和腦袋里的宏偉藍(lán)圖。
Why do people love this story? Because of the determination Rowling expresses, and her fierce discipline, but chiefly because she succeeded beyond anyone's wildest dreams.Without the success of the Harry Potter series, the failures she describes would be dismally ordinary, the everyday circumstance of someone with talent never writing her books, or never getting published, or being published and falling unremarked upon through the cracks.
為什么人們喜歡這個(gè)故事？可能是因?yàn)榱_琳表達(dá)出的決心，或她所經(jīng)歷的磨煉，但是最主要的還是她成功了，甚至實(shí)現(xiàn)了人們異想天開的夢(mèng)想。如果哈利·波特系列沒(méi)有成功，她所描述的失敗也就不足掛齒，那就是一個(gè)普通的故事，一個(gè)有才華的人從未寫書，或所寫的書從未出版，或出版之后無(wú)人問(wèn)津。
I believed that I had developed an immunity of sorts to the deep vulnerability that accompanies competitiveness, after being on the other side, evaluating applications for residencies and books for literary prizes.The first time I was asked to be on a prize jury, I swung between extremes of pleasure—so many voluptuous hours of reading！—and anxiety, completely terrified that I might miss a quiet gem, make the wrong decisions, not do sufficient justice to some writer's talent.
我認(rèn)為，在審批居住申請(qǐng)、評(píng)估獲獎(jiǎng)圖書之后，我已經(jīng)擁有了免疫力，對(duì)抗伴隨競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力而來(lái)的深深的脆弱。我第一次被邀請(qǐng)出任評(píng)獎(jiǎng)委員會(huì)委員時(shí)，我既興奮——可以數(shù)小時(shí)享受閱讀的快樂(lè)——又充滿焦慮，非常害怕我可能會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)一塊璞玉，做出錯(cuò)誤的決定，使得一些作家明珠暗投。
From that time of reading other writers' work and being on juries, I learnt something that helped me get over my own fear of losing.After some years you recognise that, beyond prizes, there is an almost endless stream of ideas, and possibilities, and rewards.Some are visible, some are more subtle, but this stream is available to artists, writers and anyone willing to discipline themselves to the routines of practice and creation.
通過(guò)閱讀其他作者的作品，擔(dān)任評(píng)委，我學(xué)到了能夠幫助我戰(zhàn)勝怕輸心態(tài)的辦法。許多年后你會(huì)意識(shí)到，永不干涸的靈感之泉，無(wú)限的可能性和回報(bào)，比獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)重要得多。有些是有形的，有些則需要仔細(xì)觀察才能發(fā)現(xiàn)，但是藝術(shù)家、作家，或是任何想要通過(guò)練習(xí)和創(chuàng)造磨煉自己的人，都能擁有這涓涓細(xì)流。
I had come to this happy realisation, won a few prizes, lost out on some, and retained my equilibrium through both sets of experiences, when I met a writer who was a legend to his readers in his local language but, at that time, almost unknown to Indians who read only in English.
我已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生了以上令人欣喜的頓悟，贏了一些獎(jiǎng)，也輸了一些。輸過(guò)贏過(guò)之后，我的心態(tài)已經(jīng)較為平衡，這時(shí)，我遇到了一個(gè)作家，在說(shuō)當(dāng)?shù)卣Z(yǔ)言的讀者們心中，他是傳奇人物，但是在只說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的印度人中卻默默無(wú)聞。
He had won a major prize for authors in translation.He dealt with the media with the grace and humility you hope that writers you admire will demonstrate, and I thought that here was a lesson in not taking prizes too seriously.
他贏得了一個(gè)譯作界的大獎(jiǎng)。他在面對(duì)媒體時(shí)，十分得體謙遜，展現(xiàn)出了你對(duì)所喜愛(ài)作家期待的一切品質(zhì)。我認(rèn)為這個(gè)人就是能看淡獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的典范。
We were sharing a taxi to the awards ceremony.The writer got in, checked quickly to see that no one else was watching—and then bounced on the seat like an excitable three-year-old.“I won！” he said.“I'm so happy that I won the prize！” Then he confided to me, as though it was a most precious secret: “You see, I like winning.”
我們?nèi)ヮC獎(jiǎng)典禮坐的是同一輛車。這個(gè)作家上車之后，迅速環(huán)顧四周看看確保沒(méi)人在看他后，興奮地跳上座位，仿佛一個(gè)三歲孩子。他說(shuō)：“我贏啦。能得到這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)我真開心！”接下來(lái)，他對(duì)我坦白說(shuō)：“你看，我喜歡做贏家”，仿佛是在告訴我一個(gè)最珍貴的秘密。
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