【課堂熱身】
首先,let's have a review. 大家還記得我們?cè)诘诰耪n中講述的表示grasp the meaning of a word, a person , a language 的地道口語(yǔ)說(shuō)法嗎?這個(gè)說(shuō)法牽涉到動(dòng)物的腦袋和尾巴,它是:make head or tail out of something。其中,out 可以省略。此外,這個(gè)短語(yǔ)與can't或者是couldn't, cannot連用于否定句中。即:cannot (could not) make head nor tail (out) of something.
【今日課題】
現(xiàn)在我們開(kāi)始第10課的學(xué)習(xí)。Lesson Ten How to say "免遭滅頂之災(zāi)" in real American English? 第十課 免遭滅頂之災(zāi) 地道美語(yǔ)怎么說(shuō)?“滅頂之災(zāi)”中的“滅頂”是指水冒過(guò)頭頂,指淹死。滅頂之災(zāi)就是指致命的災(zāi)禍。So , how to say it in real American English?
【課堂講述】
We might as well listen to the following sentence: I've barely kept my head above water since the pay cut. 自從被減薪后,我總算還能湊合著生活下去。 I've/ barely/ kept my head above water/ since/ the pay/ cut. 那么親愛(ài)的聽(tīng)眾朋友,您覺(jué)得這個(gè)句子中,那里表示出了“免遭滅頂之災(zāi)”的意思呢?
它是含有head , h-e-a-d(腦袋)和water , w-a-t-e-r (水)這2個(gè)單詞的一個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)表述“免遭滅頂之災(zāi)”,它是:keep one's head above water,字面意思就是把頭保持在水面上,這個(gè)和我們中文的“不滅頂”意思相同。不讓水給冒過(guò)頭頂,就不會(huì)被淹死。我們可以想象,如果一個(gè)人在游泳時(shí),很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間都沒(méi)有把頭露出來(lái),這多半可能出人命了。所以,keep one's head above water就是“免遭滅頂之災(zāi)”的意思。It is easy to figure out it's real meaning.
Keep one's head above water是“不遭受到滅頂之災(zāi)”,可是災(zāi)難有很多,如果您是僥幸逃過(guò)了地震,那不能用keep your head above water來(lái)說(shuō)。In English, it means " to deal with a situation in which you have financial problem and just manage to survive ". 由此可見(jiàn),這個(gè)口語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)常用于經(jīng)濟(jì)財(cái)政上。意思是:勉強(qiáng)逃脫困境,設(shè)法不舉債,免于破產(chǎn),掙扎生存,免遭滅頂之災(zāi),and so on.
Let's look at tow more sentences. 1 We are in the black, we should be able to keep our head above water from now on. 我們現(xiàn)在可以盈利,應(yīng)該還可以維持生計(jì)。(備注:in the black 盈利,有盈余。For example: Our company was in the black last month.我們公司上個(gè)月盈利不少。 From now on 從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始,今后,從今以后。 For example: So, from now on, choose to be happy!所以,從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始,快樂(lè)的去生活吧!)2 If you want to keep your head above water, you should spend the money carefully. 如果你不想陷入經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī),你就得有計(jì)劃的還錢(qián)。
【課堂總結(jié)】
Let's have a summary. 在今天的課堂上,我們學(xué)了用于財(cái)政經(jīng)濟(jì)上的“免遭滅頂之災(zāi)”的說(shuō)法:keep one's head above water。此外,與“in the red”(財(cái)政赤字) 相反的短語(yǔ)是in the black, 與“in future”同義的短語(yǔ)是from now on.
【課后習(xí)題】
習(xí)題一:Please translate the following sentences into English.
1 我想找到一個(gè)不欠帳的辦法。
2 這個(gè)月我需要五十元才能不負(fù)債。
3 為了不負(fù)債,他一直都過(guò)著簡(jiǎn)單的生活。
習(xí)題二:Please complete the following sentences.
1 把頭抬出水面是一個(gè)很有意思的短語(yǔ),意思是遠(yuǎn)離負(fù)債。
keep above water is a colorful expression that means to debt.
2 John近來(lái)承擔(dān)大量的額外工作,但是他還是設(shè)法對(duì)付過(guò)去了John a great of extra work recently, but he just to keep head water.