同樣高學(xué)歷，為何男人比女人掙得多？

05 同樣高學(xué)歷，為何男人比女人掙得多？

在英國，男女間的薪酬差距在過去20年逐漸縮小；但在高知人群中，這一差距仍然十分明顯。FT記者試圖解釋為什么。

Has the UK wage gap between men and women narrowed?

英國男性與女性的薪酬差距在縮小嗎？

The gap between men and women's pay has narrowed over the last 20 years.

在過去20年里，男女之間的薪酬差距逐漸縮小。

In 1993, women were paid on an average 28 percent less per hour than a man.

1993年時(shí)，女性的時(shí)薪平均比男性低28%。

But that had reduced to 18 percent by last year.

這一數(shù)據(jù)在去年降到了18%。

But this cut short is entirely explained by women becoming more highly educated and by a narrowing wage gap for the least educated.

差距的縮小完全是因?yàn)榕允芙逃潭仍絹碓礁?，并且教育水平最低的男女人群收入差距不斷減小。

If you look among those with A-levels and degrees, the gap between the pay of men and women is exactly the same now as it was 20 years ago.

在拿到A-Level或本科以上學(xué)歷的英國人中，男女薪酬間的差距就還與20年前一樣。

不同教育程度的男女工資差異，1993-2015

GCSEs: General Certificate of Secondary Educations 普通中等教育證

A levels: 普通中等教育證書考試高級(jí)水平課程

Degree: 本科學(xué)位及以上

Is the pay gap explained by women taking time out to have children?

女性花時(shí)間帶孩子是薪酬差距的原因嗎？

The gap between the pay of men and women does diverge sharply after women have their first child.

男女之間的薪酬差距的確在女性生育了第一個(gè)孩子之后迅速拉大。

But new research by the Institute of Fiscal Studies suggests the women are paid 10 percent less on average than men even before the birth of their first child.

但英國財(cái)政研究所的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，即便在第一個(gè)孩子出生之前，女性的薪酬就比男性平均低了10%。

在第一個(gè)孩子出生后，男女收入差距迅速拉大

Why does women's pay fall behind after they have children?

為什么女性有了孩子之后薪酬會(huì)落后？

One explanation for the growing pay gap after women have children is that mothers typically take more time off work than fathers, and more likely to work part-time.

女性生育之后薪酬差距增大的一種解釋是，母親通常會(huì)比父親請(qǐng)更多假去帶孩子，或者更可能轉(zhuǎn)為兼職。

The lower pay of mothers could therefore reflect they have less experience.

她們收入較低，反映的可能是她們?cè)诮?jīng)驗(yàn)上不如男性。

For high educated women, the penalty to missing a year of work is 4 percent lower pay.

對(duì)于高知女性來說，如果花掉一年去帶孩子，代價(jià)就是薪酬平均降低4%。

The big question is, is this a proper reflection of a lower productivity?

而問題在于，她們的勞動(dòng)力真的下降了4%嗎？