劉文勇GRE寫(xiě)作Argument題庫(kù) Day 175

Day 175 In an effort to bring new jobs to Dillton and stimulate the city's flagging economy, Dillton's city council voted last year to lower the city's corporate tax rate by 15 percent

The following appeared as part of an article in a Dillton newspaper.

“In an effort to bring new jobs to Dillton and stimulate the city's flagging economy, Dillton's city council voted last year to lower the city's corporate tax rate by 15 percent; at the same time, the city began offering generous relocation grants to any company that would move to Dillton. Since these changes went into effect, two new factories have opened in Dillton. Although the two factories employ more than 1,000 people, the unemployment rate in Dillton remains unchanged. The only clear explanation for this is that the new factories are staffed with out-of-town workers rather than Dillton residents.”

Write a response in which you discuss one or more alternative explanations that could rival the proposed explanation and explain how your explanation(s) can plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument.

五問(wèn)：

（1）最后一句“The only clear explanation for this is that the new factories are staffed with out-of-town workers rather than Dillton residents”是結(jié)論，其余部分是事實(shí)，值得反駁嗎？

（2）首先要注意，文中給出了一個(gè)推斷，認(rèn)為這兩家工廠的設(shè)立都是由一項(xiàng)減稅補(bǔ)貼的政策帶來(lái)的，你認(rèn)為決定一家工廠設(shè)立的要素有哪些？除了文中所提及的稅率和補(bǔ)貼之外，當(dāng)?shù)氐娜丝?、?jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化狀況是否也很有可能會(huì)影響工廠的設(shè)立？

（3）文中是否提供了這個(gè)城市勞動(dòng)人口的總數(shù)？如果沒(méi)有，我們能否簡(jiǎn)單地認(rèn)為 1 000個(gè)新增的工作崗位一定沒(méi)有影響失業(yè)率？也許自去年以來(lái)人口數(shù)量增加了。

（4）原文中是否提及了關(guān)于 Dillton經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況的指標(biāo)（那些可能影響失業(yè)率的指標(biāo)）？假設(shè)老舊的經(jīng)濟(jì)體衰退使企業(yè)倒閉，導(dǎo)致 1 000人失去工作，而這 1 000人恰好在新的工廠找到了工作，因此盡管失業(yè)率沒(méi)有產(chǎn)生變化，依然可以證明這個(gè)政策是卓有成效的。

（5）Dillton經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退，是否有其他企業(yè)通過(guò)裁員來(lái)降低運(yùn)營(yíng)成本？即使新工廠為 1 000人提供了工作崗位，但因?yàn)槠渌髽I(yè)裁員 1 000人，那失業(yè)率也是保持不變的。