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初中·課本中不會教你的 形容詞和副詞 正誤速辨

所屬教程:課本中不會教你的初中英語單詞、詞組、句型和慣用法

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2022年05月01日

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形容詞和副詞 正誤速辨

1 他是這個班上男孩中個子最高的。

誤  He is tallest of all the boys in the class.

正  He is the tallest of all the boys in the class.

評  形容詞最高級前要帶有定冠詞the。副詞最高級前可帶或不帶the。

2 這兩個男孩在同一個班上。

誤  The two boys are in same class .

正  The two boys are in the same class .

評  same作定語或表語時,前面要加定冠詞the。

3 我認(rèn)為他是一位教師?!獙Φ?。

誤  I think he is a teacher. — That's all right .

正  I think he is a teacher. — That's right .

評  對方講的話或道理,你認(rèn)為是對的,就用That's right。That's all right則表示“沒關(guān)系,不用謝,不客氣”,用于禮貌地回答別人的道歉或感謝。

4 這是一張中國地圖。

誤  This is a China's map .

正  This is a map of China .

正  This is a Chinese map .

評  “一張中國地圖”可以說a map of China或a Chinese map?!耙粡埵澜绲貓D”要說a map of the world。

5 你能來嗎?—我恐怕不能。

誤  Can you come? —I am not afraid .

正  Can you come? —I am afraid not .

評  I am not afraid意為“我不害怕”,I am afraid not意為“我恐怕不能”,是口語中常用的簡略回答,表示不同意對方的請求或建議。

6 她只有很少幾本書。

誤  She has only a little books.

正  She has only a few books.

評  a little修飾不可數(shù)名詞,a few/few修飾可數(shù)名詞。

7 這朵花是什么顏色?白的還是紅的?

誤  What colour is the flower? White or red?

正  Which colour is the flower? White or red?

評  which用于兩個或一個限定的范圍內(nèi)的提問。what用于未加限定的范圍內(nèi)的提問。

8 他的工作很忙。

誤  His work is very busy .

正  He is very busy .

評  busy的主語通常是指人的名詞或代詞,表示“人忙”,不可用work或job作主語。

9 瓶子里沒有墨水。

誤  There is not ink in the bottle.

正  There is no ink in the bottle.

評  no可作形容詞修飾名詞。not是副詞,不可修飾名詞。

10 我買了兩件襯衫,一件是白色的,一件是藍(lán)色的。

誤  I bought two shirts. One is white and other is blue.

正  I bought two shirts. One is white and the other is blue.

評  表示“一個……另一個”時,要用one...the other,定冠詞the不可省。

11 所有這些花都是紅的。

誤  These all flowers are red.

正  All these flowers are red.

評  all用作形容詞,同帶定冠詞、物主代詞、these、those的名詞連用時,all應(yīng)放在這些詞的前面。

12 我母親身體很好。

誤  My mother is quite good .

正  My mother is quite well .

評  well可用作形容詞,表示某人身體“好”。well也可用作副詞。good則用于表示人或物的品質(zhì)、質(zhì)量、內(nèi)容等的“好”,為形容詞。

13 房間里沒有椅子。

誤  There aren't some chairs in the room.

正  There aren't any chairs in the room.

評  any用于疑問句或否定句,some一般用于肯定句。

14 今天下午將有大雨。

誤  There will be a big rain this afternoon.

正  There will be a heavy rain this afternoon.

評  “大雨”“大雪”要用heavy,均不可用big。

15 不要擔(dān)心,還有一點時間。

誤  Don't worry. There is little time.

正  Don't worry. There is a little time.

評  little意為“幾乎沒有”,有否定含義。a little意為“有一點,有一些”,有肯定含義。均用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞。

16 她對這個問題作了進(jìn)一步的研究。

誤  She made a farther study of the problem.

正  She made a further study of the problem.

評  表示空間或時間上的“更遠(yuǎn)的/地”,兩者常可換用,但farther比further更普通些。表示程度上的“進(jìn)一步,更多的”,只能用further。

17 他每三天打掃一次房屋。

誤  He cleans the house each three days.

正  He cleans the house every three days.

評  表示“每隔……”要用every,不可用each。

18 再喝點咖啡好嗎?

誤  Would you like any more coffee?

正  Would you like some more coffee?

評  表示客氣地請求或希望對方給予肯定答復(fù)的疑問句中,要用some,不用any。

19 這道菜很好吃。

誤  The dish is very delicious to eat .

正  The dish is very delicious .

評  delicious已含有“好吃的,美味的”的意思。再加eat在語義上就重復(fù)了。

20 全城的市民都出來歡迎英雄們。

誤  Whole town went out to welcome the heroes.

正  The whole town went out to welcome the heroes.

評  whole修飾單數(shù)名詞時,前面要加the, this, that或形容詞性物主代詞。

21 我明天忙。

誤  I busy tomorrow.

正  I'm busy tomorrow.

評  busy, free, ready, afraid等是形容詞,不可單獨作謂語,要加be動詞。

22 這兒很靜。

誤  It is very quite here.

正  It is very quiet here.

評  quite是副詞,意為“很,非?!?。quiet意為“寂靜的,安靜的”。

23 他現(xiàn)在很少去看電影。

誤  He scarcely goes to the cinema now.

正  He rarely goes to the cinema now.

評  rarely表示“很少,不常”,相當(dāng)于seldom。scarcely表示“幾乎不,簡直不”。

24 上海是中國第二大城市。

誤  Shanghai is the second larger city in China.

正  Shanghai is the second largest city in China.

評  “第二大城市”意為“第二個最大的城市”,因而要用最高級largest。

25 你再喝點酒好嗎?

誤  Would you like more some wine?

正  Would you like some more wine?

評  some和any同more連用時,總是要說some more, any more。

26 請再給我一點水。

誤  Please get me a little water again .

正  Please get me a little more water.

評  這里的“再給”,不是表示“重新一次”,而是表示添加點水,故用more,不用again。

27 這本書有人數(shù)最多的讀者。

誤  This book has the most number of readers.

正  This book has the largest/biggest number of readers.

評  修飾number要用large, big或small,不用most。

28 你要多大碼的鞋?

誤  How large size shoes do you want?

正  What size shoes do you want?

評  英語中問“多大尺碼”要用what size提問。

29 她兩小時前離開家的。

誤  She left home two hours before .

誤  She left home before two hours .

正  She left home two hours ago .

評  從現(xiàn)在說話時往前推算,用ago,而從過去某時再往前推算,或表示過去某個時間點之前用before。

30 你的書包同她的書包是一樣的。

誤  Your schoolbag is the same with hers.

正  Your schoolbag is the same as hers.

評  表示“同……一樣”,the same as為正確搭配,不可用with。

31 他很晚才睡覺。

誤  He went to bad very lately .

正  He went to bad very late .

評  late可作形容詞或副詞,反義詞為early。lately是副詞,表示“近來,最近”,相當(dāng)于recently。

32 吉姆跑得比我快得多。

誤  Jim runs very faster than I/me.

正  Jim runs much faster than I.

評  very用于修飾形容詞或副詞原級,much修飾形容詞或副詞比較級。

33 這本書是你的還是李明的?—是我的。

誤  Is this book yours or Li Ming's?—Yes, it's mine .

正  Is this book yours or Li Ming's?—It's mine .

評  回答選擇問句不用Yes或No,直接說出被選項即可。

34 她五點半鐘回家的。

誤  She went to home at half past five.

正  She went home at half past five.

評  “回家”常用go home表示,這里的home為副詞,故不可加to。

35 她每兩周回家1次。

誤  She went home every two week .

誤  She went home every third weeks .

正  She went home every other week .

正  She went home every two weeks .

正  She went home every second week .

評  “每兩周”就是“每隔一周”,表示“每隔一”用every other+單數(shù)名詞;表示“每隔二或二以上”用“every+基數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”或“every+序數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞”。

36 這只蘋果又大又甜。

誤  The apple is big , sweet .

正  The apple is big and sweet .

評  兩個形容詞作表語時,中間應(yīng)有連詞連接。兩個以上的形容詞并列作主語時,在最后一個形容詞前加連詞。

37 你的鞋子在這里。穿上吧。

誤  Here are your shoes. Put on them , please.

正  Here are your shoes. Put them on , please.

評  由“及物動詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的短語動詞,其賓語為人稱代詞時,要放在介詞前面,但如果賓語是名詞,則放在介詞前后均可。

38 這架飛機(jī)能運載300名乘客。

誤  The plane is able to carry three hundred passengers.

正  The plane can carry three hundred passengers.

評  able通常只用于表示人的能力,不能用于表示物的能力。

39 明天請把你的詞典帶到這里來。

誤  Please bring your dictionary to here tomorrow.

正  Please bring your dictionary here tomorrow.

評  here, there是副詞,前面不可加介詞to。

40 她不到20歲。

正  She is less than twenty.

正  She is below twenty.

正  She is under twenty.

評  表示“不到……歲”,可用below或under或less than。表示“超過……歲”,可用over或more than。

41 她非常喜歡英語。

誤  She very likes English.

正  She likes English very much .

評  very意為“很,非常”,雖為副詞,但不直接修飾動詞,只能修飾形容詞或副詞。very much表示“很,非常”,用于修飾動詞。

42 很可能要下雨。

誤  It'll rain likely .

正  It'll very likely rain.

正  Very likely it will rain.

評  likely表示“很可能”,作副詞時,不能單獨使用,要用very, quite, more, most修飾。

43 他星期天通常在家。

誤  He usually is at home on Sunday.

正  He is usually at home on Sunday.

評  usually, often等頻度副詞一般放在be動詞、助動詞或狀態(tài)動詞后,行為動詞前。

44 這本書比那本書厚多了。

誤  This book is more thicker than that one.

正  This book is much thicker than that one.

評  “more+多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)形容詞原級”構(gòu)成比較級,形容詞或副詞比較級,不可用more修飾,但可用much, even, a lot等修飾。

45 這個國家的人口有多少?

誤  How many is the population of the country?

正  How large is the population of the country?

正  What's the population of the country?

評  population是集體名詞,含抽象意義,要用large, big或small修飾,不可用many,less修飾。

46 你多久打掃一次房間?

誤  How long do you clean your room?

正  How often do you clean your room?

評  how often指“多長時間一次”,用來提問在某一特定時間內(nèi)做某事的次數(shù),回答通常是once a week (一周一次),three times a month (每月三次),never等。how long用于問“時間多長”,回答通常是two hours, a whole month等。

47 我沒有時間。

誤  I have no any time.

正  I have not any time.

評  no是形容詞,常修飾名詞,相當(dāng)于not any,不可說no any。

48 她唱得很好。

誤  She sings very good .

正  She sings very well .

評  good是形容詞,修飾名詞。well是副詞,常修飾動詞。

49 他兩個月后就離開了那所學(xué)校。

誤  He left the school two months late .

誤  He left the school two months later on .

正  He left the school two months later .

評  late意為“遲到,晚的”,常作表語或前置定語,不可作后置定語。later on意為“后來,今后”,為副詞短語?!耙欢螘r間+later”意為“一段時間后”,為習(xí)慣用法。

50 這花聞起來很香。

誤  The flower smells sweetly .

正  The flower smells sweet .

評  在系動詞后要用形容詞,如:smell (聞起來),feel(感覺),taste (嘗起來),look (看起來)等。

51 你不在一班嗎?—不,我在一班。

誤  Aren't you in Class One? —No. I am .

正  Aren't you in Class One? —Yes. I am .

評  回答否定疑問句,表示肯定就用“Yes+肯定結(jié)構(gòu)”,表示否定就用“No+否定結(jié)構(gòu)”。

52 房間里至多有5把椅子。

誤  There are no more than five chairs in the room.

正  There are not more than five chairs in the room.

評  “not more than+數(shù)詞”表示“至多,不超過”,相當(dāng)于at (the) most?!皀o more than+數(shù)詞”表示“僅僅”,相當(dāng)于only。

53 晚飯多久才能準(zhǔn)備好?

誤  How long will supper be ready?

正  How soon will supper be ready?

評  how soon意為“多久以后”,對“過多長時間就……”提問。how long意為“多久,多長時間”,對一段時間進(jìn)行提問。

54 他匆匆吃了早飯,上學(xué)去了。

誤  He quick finished breakfast and went to school.

正  He quickly finished breakfast and went to school.

評  quick和quickly均可用作副詞。quick常用在口語中,同come,run等表示行為的動詞連用,一般要放在動詞后。quickly既可放在動詞前,也可放在動詞后。

55 我將替你做那件事。

誤  I'll instead you to do it.

正  I'll do it instead of you.

評  instead表示“代替”,為副詞,不可作謂語。“代替某人”要用instead of sb.。

56 他一點也不在乎。

誤  He doesn't mind at (the) least .

正  He doesn't mind in the least .

評  in the least意為“一點,絲毫”,常用于否定句中。at (the) least意為“至少,起碼”。

57 這是相當(dāng)高的一棵樹。

誤  It is quite tall a tree .

正  It is quite a tall tree .

正  It is a quite tall tree .

評  quite修飾單數(shù)名詞時,如果名詞前另有形容詞,有兩種詞序:quite+a/an+形容詞+名詞,a quite+形容詞+名詞。

58 有一天我在圖書館里碰到了她。

誤  I met her in the library some day .

正  I met her in the library one day .

評  some day或someday用于將來時中,不用于過去時。one day既可用于將來時中,也可用于過去時中。

59 天變得越來越冷了。

誤  The days are getting more and more cold .

正  The days are getting colder and colder .

評  “more and more+多音節(jié)形容詞或副詞”表示“越來越……”。如果是單音節(jié)形容詞或副詞,則用“比較級+and+比較級”。

60 她轉(zhuǎn)過身來,向窗外望去。

誤  She turned back and looked out of the window.

正  She turned around and looked out of the window.

評  “轉(zhuǎn)過身來”要說turn around/round。turn back則表示“轉(zhuǎn)回來,往回走”。

61 這條河同那條河一樣寬。

誤  This river is so wide as that one.

正  This river is as wide as that one.

評  在肯定句中,表示兩者“同……一樣”,只用as...as。而在否定句中,要用not so... as或not as...as。

62 他們是非常相像的兄弟。

誤  They are brothers very alike.

正  They are brothers very much alike.

評  以a字母開首的表語形容詞,如alike, afraid等,要用much或very much修飾,不用very修飾。

63 晚飯后她就上樓去了。

誤  She went to upstairs after supper.

正  She went upstairs after supper.

評  upstairs (樓上)和downstairs (樓下)常用作副詞,直接修飾動詞作狀語。

64 我上個月去過上海。

誤  I last month went to Shanghai.

正  I went to Shanghai last month .

評  通常情況下,表示確切時間的副詞或副詞短語要放在句尾。

65 The car is running nice and fast.的含義

誤  這輛小車跑得好,跑得快。

正  這輛小車跑得很快。

評  “nice and+形容詞/副詞”表示“很……”,相當(dāng)于very+形容詞/副詞。

66 他比別人跑得快。

誤  He runs faster than anybody .

正  He runs faster than anybody else .

評  一人或一物與其同類或同范圍的人或物進(jìn)行比較時,要加else。

67 我從沒見過這么高的山。

誤  I've never seen a such high mountain.

誤  I've never seen so a high mountain.

正  I've never seen such a high mountain.

正  I've never seen so high a mountain.

68 這是不可能的,是嗎?

誤  It is impossible, is it ?

正  It is impossible, isn't it ?

正  It is not possible, is it ?

評  在反意疑問句中,陳述句的謂語部分如果有im-, un-, ir-, dis-等否定前綴構(gòu)成的詞,該陳述句仍看作是肯定,其后的附加問句用否定式。

69 他學(xué)習(xí)像他哥哥一樣努力。

誤  He studies as hardly as his brother.

正  He studies as hard as his brother.

評  hard作副詞意為“努力地”;hardly則表示“幾乎不”,本身有否定含義。

70 騎自行車比開車容易。

誤  It is easier to ride a bike than driving a car.

正  It is easier to ride a bike than to drive a car.

評  兩個相比較的部分在結(jié)構(gòu)上應(yīng)相同,對稱。

71 會議就要開始了。

誤  The meeting is about to begin at once .

正  The meeting is about to begin.

評  be about to本身含有“將要”的意思,不可同at once, soon, next week等時間狀語連用。

72 他對籃球很感興趣。

誤  He is very interesting in basketball.

正  He is very interested in basketball.

73 他幾天后返回家了。

誤  He returned back home a few days later.

正  He returned home a few days later.

評  return意為“返回”,相當(dāng)于come back,因而return不可同back連用。

74 他們是2009年5月10日下午3點出發(fā)的。

誤  They set out on the afternoon at three o'clock May 10th 2009.

正  They set out at three o'clock on the afternoon of May 10th 2009.

評  按英語習(xí)慣,總是把確切時間放在比較確切時間之前,比較確切時間放在較籠統(tǒng)時間之前,并且是由小到大。

75 他們曾經(jīng)在同一所學(xué)校讀書。

誤  They ever studied in the same school.

正  They once studied in the same school.

評  表示“曾經(jīng)”,在肯定句中用once,在疑問句、否定句和條件句中用ever。

76 你們班誰跳得最高?

誤  Who jumps tallest in your class?

正  Who jumps highest in your class?

評  high可作形容詞或副詞,而tall僅作形容詞。

77 他很少去看電影。

誤  He goes to the cinema seldom .

正  He seldom goes to the cinema.

評  英語中的頻度副詞總是放在主要謂語動詞之前。

78 她從來沒有去過北京。

誤  She never has been to Beijing.

正  She has never been to Beijing.

評  頻度副詞總要放在助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或be動詞之后。

79 你為什么做那件事?

誤  Why did you do that for ?

正  Why did you do that?

正  What did you do that for ?

評  why和what for都可用于特殊問句,表示“為什么……?”why強(qiáng)調(diào)原因,常用because回答。what for強(qiáng)調(diào)目的,常用不定式回答,給出目的。

80 過去幾乎沒有人見過這種花。

誤  Nearly no one saw this kind of flower in the past.

正  Almost no one saw this kind of flower in the past.

評  no one, nobody, nothing等否定性詞要用almost修飾,不用nearly修飾。

81 他們今天下午將去公園里舉行一次聚會。

誤  They will have a party this afternoon in the park .

正  They will have a party in the park this afternoon .

評  同一個句子中既有時間副詞,又有地點副詞時,應(yīng)是地點副詞在前,時間副詞在后。

82 你還有什么別的事情要告訴我嗎?

誤  Do you have else anything to tell me?

正  Do you have anything else to tell me?

評  else意為“別的,其他的”,常用于修飾something, nothing, anything, nobody等不定代詞,或修飾疑問代詞、疑問副詞,放在被修飾詞之后。

83 只有李明知道答案。

誤  Li Ming only knows the answer.

正  Only Li Ming knows the answer.

評  only, even等詞,在句中位置靈活,不同的位置往往有不同的含義,通常應(yīng)緊放在所修飾的詞之前。

84 我沒去那里,杰克也沒去那里。

誤  I didn't go there. Jack either .

正  I didn't go there. Jack didn't either .

評  either表示“也”,通常用于否定句,放在句尾,本身沒有否定意義。

85 你越經(jīng)常練習(xí),你的英語就講得越流利。

誤  The oftener you practise, the more you can speak English fluently.

正  The oftener you practise, the more fluently you can speak English.

評  “the+比較級……,the+比較級”意為“越來……越……”,兩個比較級結(jié)構(gòu)不可拆開。

86 河太寬了,他游不過去。

誤  The river was too wide that he couldn't swim across it.

正  The river was so wide that he couldn't swim across it.

評  so...that結(jié)構(gòu),表示“如此……以致”,so不可換成too, very, much等詞。that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。

87 那個村莊離我們城市有200英里。

誤  The village is 200 miles far from our city.

正  The village is 200 miles (away) from our city.

評  far from意為“離……遠(yuǎn),遠(yuǎn)離”。表示“離……有多遠(yuǎn)”常用“數(shù)詞+miles/kilometres+away from”, away可省。


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