托福核心詞匯：Which Hand Did They Use

　　Dominance 優(yōu)勢(shì);支配

　　原文：Much of the evidence about right-hand versus left-hand dominance comes from stencils and prints found in rock shelters in Australia and elsewhere, and in many Ice Age caves in France, Spain, and Tasmania. 有太多的來自澳大利亞地區(qū)的石屋中模板和字跡以及冰河期法國西班牙以及塔斯馬尼亞地區(qū)的巖洞上搜集到的證據(jù)證明右手較之于左手的優(yōu)勢(shì)。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　Agriculture has lost its dominance in many countries. 農(nóng)業(yè)在許多國家已失去了優(yōu)勢(shì)。

　　The firm soon achieved complete dominance in the marketplace. 這家公司很快取得了在市場(chǎng)上的絕對(duì)支配地位。

　　Stencil模板;模板印刷

　　原文：Much of the evidence about right-hand versus left-hand dominance comes from stencils and prints found in rock shelters in Australia and elsewhere, and in many Ice Age caves in France, Spain, and Tasmania. 有太多的來自澳大利亞地區(qū)的石屋中模板和字跡以及冰河期法國西班牙以及塔斯馬尼亞地區(qū)的巖洞上搜集到的證據(jù)證明右手較之于左手的優(yōu)勢(shì)。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　The stencil and print process will not change. 模板和印刷工藝無需更改。

　　Do you know how to cut a stencil? 你會(huì)刻蠟版[打蠟紙]嗎?

　　Spray 噴圖;噴霧

　　原文：Even though the paint was often sprayed on by mouth, one can assume that the dominant hand assisted in the operation. 即使是制作一幅畫作需要用嘴噴涂，也可以想象慣用手是如何在這一過程中起到協(xié)助作用的。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　He sprayed paint on the wall. 他把漆噴在墻上。

　　We should spray some hairspray on your hair. 我們應(yīng)該噴些發(fā)膠在你的頭發(fā)上。

　　Predominant 卓越的;主要的

　　原文：Of 158 stencils in the French cave of Gargas, 136 have been identified as left, and only 22 as right; right-handedness was therefore heavily predominant. 在法國Gargas巖洞中的158個(gè)模板中，有136個(gè)鑒定確認(rèn)為左手，只有22個(gè)是右手;右手習(xí)慣毫無疑問是據(jù)絕對(duì)主導(dǎo)地位的。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　The predominant feature of his character was pride. 他的性格中主要的特點(diǎn)是驕傲。

　　Yellow is the predominant color this spring in the fashion world. 黃色是今春時(shí)裝界的流行顏色。

　　Furnish提供;布置

　　原文：Cave art furnishes other types of evidence of this phenomenon. 巖洞藝術(shù)的其他形式也為這一現(xiàn)象提供了依據(jù)。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　I will furnish all you need. 我愿供給你所需要的一切。

　　We propose to furnish our own house according to our own taste. 我們建議按自己的愛好布置自己的房子。

　　Befit 適合;適當(dāng)

　　原文：Most engravings, for example, are best lit from the left, as befits the work of right-handed artists, who generally prefer to have the light source on the left so that the shadow of their hand does not fall on the tip of the engraving tool or brush.例如大多數(shù)的雕版都是左起的光照最好，因?yàn)槭桥浜蠎T用右手的工匠的工作，他們經(jīng)常喜歡讓光線從左邊照過來以便他們手的影子不會(huì)投射在雕板工具或是刷子的末端。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　Such actions do not befit you. 這種行為與你不相稱。

　　You shouldn't do things that do not befit your status. 你最好不要做這些和你身分不符的事情。

　　Engraving 雕刻

　　原文：Most engravings, for example, are best lit from the left, as befits the work of right-handed artists, who generally prefer to have the light source on the left so that the shadow of their hand does not fall on the tip of the engraving tool or brush.例如大多數(shù)的雕版都是左起的光照最好，因?yàn)槭桥浜蠎T用右手的工匠的工作，他們經(jīng)常喜歡讓光線從左邊照過來以便他們手的影子不會(huì)投射在雕板工具或是刷子的末端。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　Some writing has the precision of a steel engraving. 有的字體嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)如同鋼刻。

　　Go look in my office, you should find an engraving of a pentagram there. 到我的公務(wù)室來看，你能找到五角星形的雕塑。

　　Rib 肋骨

　　原文：The skeleton of a 40- or 50-year-old Nabatean warrior, buried 2,000 years ago in the Negev Desert, Israel, had multiple healed fractures to the skull, the left arm, and the ribs.在內(nèi)蓋夫的戈壁中被埋了2000多年的一個(gè)40-50歲之間的Nabatean勇士的骨架，在他的頭部，左臂和肋骨上有多處已愈合的傷痕。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　He broke a rib when he fell off his horse. 他從馬上摔下來折斷了一根肋骨。

　　My face was covered with bruises and I had a broken rib. 我的臉上全是瘀傷，肋骨還斷了一根。

　　Tip末端;頂端

　　原文：Most engravings, for example, are best lit from the left, as befits the work of right-handed artists, who generally prefer to have the light source on the left so that the shadow of their hand does not fall on the tip of the engraving tool or brush.例如大多數(shù)的雕版都是左起的光照最好，因?yàn)槭桥浜蠎T用右手的工匠的工作，他們經(jīng)常喜歡讓光線從左邊照過來以便他們手的影子不會(huì)投射在雕板工具或是刷子的末端。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　The sleeves covered his hands to the tips of his fingers. 袖子遮住了他的手，一直蓋到指尖。

　　the westernmost tip of the island 島的最西端

　　Neolithic新時(shí)期時(shí)期的

　　原文：Long-handed Neolithic spoons of yew wood preserved in Alpine villages dating to 3000 B.C. 長(zhǎng)條型新石器時(shí)代的紫杉木質(zhì)勺子從史前3000年一直完好的保存到現(xiàn)在。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　Cattle were first domesticated in Neolithic times. 新時(shí)期時(shí)代人類開始馴養(yǎng)牛。

　　They were entering upon a new phase in human culture, the Neolithic phase. 他們正進(jìn)入人類文化的一個(gè)新階段，即新時(shí)期時(shí)代。

　　Yew 紫杉;紫杉木

　　原文：Long-handed Neolithic spoons of yew wood preserved in Alpine villages dating to 3000 B.C. 長(zhǎng)條型新石器時(shí)代的紫杉木質(zhì)勺子從史前3000年一直完好的保存到現(xiàn)在。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　The leaves of yew trees are poisonous to cattle. 紫杉樹葉會(huì)令牛中毒。

　　All parts of the yew tree are poisonous, including the berries. 紫杉的各個(gè)部分都有毒，包括漿果。

　　Alpine阿爾卑斯山的

　　原文：Long-handed Neolithic spoons of yew wood preserved in Alpine villages dating to 3000 B.C. 長(zhǎng)條型新石器時(shí)代的紫杉木質(zhì)勺子從史前3000年一直完好的保存到現(xiàn)在。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　There are just the Alpine foothills. 這些只是阿爾卑斯山的山麓小丘而已。

　　Alpine valleys resonant with the sound of church bells. 回蕩著教堂鐘聲的阿爾卑斯山谷。

　　Rub 擦;擦破

　　原文：the signs of rubbing on their left side indicate that their users were right-handed. 在它左側(cè)的磨痕證明了他們的主人慣用右手。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　Rub the wall down well before applying new paint. 在涂上新油漆之前，先將墻磨平。

　　She couldn’t rub off the blood stain on her blouse. 她沒法將上衣的血漬擦掉。

　　Fiber纖維

　　原文：The late Ice Age rope found in the French cave of Lascaux consists of fibers spiraling to the right, and was therefore tressed by a right hander. 在法國的拉克斯巖洞藝術(shù)找到的晚石器時(shí)代的繩子是由向右旋轉(zhuǎn)的纖維捆成的，當(dāng)然也就證實(shí)了出自右撇子之手。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　Eating cereals and fruit will give you plenty of fiber in your diet. 吃谷類食物和水果能多攝取纖維質(zhì)。

　　The muscle fiber of this animal is diseased. 這個(gè)動(dòng)物的肌肉纖維產(chǎn)生了病變。

　　Tress 一縷頭發(fā)

　　原文：The late Ice Age rope found in the French cave of Lascaux consists of fibers spiraling to the right, and was therefore tressed by a right hander. 在法國的拉克斯巖洞藝術(shù)找到的晚石器時(shí)代的繩子是由向右旋轉(zhuǎn)的纖維捆成的，當(dāng)然也就證實(shí)了出自右撇子之手。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　The mat tress needs to be aired. 這個(gè)床墊需要拿出去涼一涼。

　　She is combing her dark tresses. 她正在梳理她那黑發(fā)。

　　All her beautiful tresses have been sheared off. 她那長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的秀發(fā)都給剪掉了。

　　Cortex 皮;表層

　　原文：As the tool was made, the core was rotated clockwise, and the flakes, removed in sequence, had a little crescent of cortex (the core's outer surface) on the side. 由于工具的作用，胚子順時(shí)針的旋轉(zhuǎn)的同時(shí)，小碎片一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的去掉，在一側(cè)留下月牙狀的表層(石頭胚子的表面)。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　The visual cortex is activated by merely imagining a musical score. 視覺皮層可以被僅僅想象一張樂譜而激活。(score樂譜)

　　The group was studying a poorly-understood region of the visual cortex. 該小組正在研究視覺皮層的一個(gè)難以理解的區(qū)域。

　　Flake 剝落;薄片

　　原文：As the tool was made, the core was rotated clockwise, and the flakes, removed in sequence, had a little crescent of cortex (the core's outer surface) on the side. 由于工具的作用，胚子順時(shí)針的旋轉(zhuǎn)的同時(shí)，小碎片一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的去掉，在一側(cè)留下月牙狀的表層(石頭胚子的表面)。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　Flakes of rust are falling from the old iron pan.一片片的銹從舊鐵鍋上落下。

　　A flake of bone had lodged itself in his knee. 一塊碎骨片留在他的膝蓋里。

　　Rotate 旋轉(zhuǎn);使轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)

　　原文：As the tool was made, the core was rotated clockwise, and the flakes, removed in sequence, had a little crescent of cortex (the core's outer surface) on the side. 由于工具的作用，胚子順時(shí)針的旋轉(zhuǎn)的同時(shí)，小碎片一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的去掉，在一側(cè)留下月牙狀的表層(石頭胚子的表面)。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　You can rotate the wheel with your hand. 你可以用手轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)輪子。

　　It is best to allow the rotor to rotate freely. 最好讓轉(zhuǎn)子自由旋轉(zhuǎn)。

　　Clockwise 順時(shí)針方向的

　　原文：As the tool was made, the core was rotated clockwise, and the flakes, removed in sequence, had a little crescent of cortex (the core's outer surface) on the side. 由于工具的作用，胚子順時(shí)針的旋轉(zhuǎn)的同時(shí)，小碎片一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的去掉，在一側(cè)留下月牙狀的表層(石頭胚子的表面)。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　Please turn the key in a clockwise direction. 請(qǐng)順時(shí)針轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)鑰匙。

　　Gently swing your right arm in a clockwise direction. 按順時(shí)針方向輕輕擺動(dòng)右臂。

　　Cerebral 大腦的;理智的

　　原文：The part of the brain responsible for fine control and movement is located in the left cerebral hemisphere. 大腦負(fù)責(zé)良好的控制行動(dòng)的區(qū)域位于腦部的左半球。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　His style is far more cerebral than confrontational. 他的執(zhí)教風(fēng)格是理智的，而不是過激的。

　　We have stopped the cerebral bleeding, but he’s in a comatose state. 我們已止住腦部出血，但他仍陷于昏迷狀態(tài)。

　　Hemisphere 半球

　　原文：The part of the brain responsible for fine control and movement is located in the left cerebral hemisphere. 大腦負(fù)責(zé)良好的控制行動(dòng)的區(qū)域位于腦部的左半球。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　In most people, the left hemisphere is bigger than the right. 多數(shù)人的左腦比右腦大。

　　What is the largest city in the southern hemisphere? 南半球上哪個(gè)城市最大?

　　Asymmetrical 不對(duì)稱的;不均勻的

　　原文：the findings above suggest that the human brain was already asymmetrical in its structure and function not long after 2 million years ago. 這也證明的人類大腦的機(jī)構(gòu)和功能上的不對(duì)稱性在兩百萬年前就已經(jīng)定型了。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　Most people’s faces are asymmetrical. 多數(shù)人的臉并不對(duì)稱。

　　Changes in interest rates impact on the economy is asymmetrical. 利率變動(dòng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響是不對(duì)稱的。

　　Specimen 標(biāo)本;樣品

　　原文：the same was found for brains of specimens from Neanderthal, Gibraltar, and La Quina. 與之類似的也被發(fā)現(xiàn)在尼安德特人，直布羅陀人和拉昆尼亞人種的腦型中。

　　強(qiáng)化記憶：

　　He refused to provide a specimen. 他拒絕提供血樣。

　　Each specimen is carefully dissected. 每個(gè)標(biāo)本都被細(xì)心解剖。