英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力文摘514 魚(yú)的招親廣告
魚(yú)的招親廣告
Today we're looking at fish single's ads, let's see--- single fish female seeks good father to help with eggs. Come on, don't be serious. Fish don't place ad in a paper, plus I thought a common assumption in biology is that reproductive behavior conflicts with parenting behavior, since more energy animals spent on parenting, the less energy it has to spend on courting and mating. So wouldn't the female fish be more likely to fall for a good wooer. Actually I hope.
Scientists documented what is known as parental courtship behavior in the lab. That’s when an animal shows off its parenting skills to attract a mate. Really? Yep.
University of Florida Researchers studied the sand goby, a small fish native to the European coast that is among the twenty percent of fish species that exhibit parenting behavior.
Sand gobies nest under sea shells, and the males not only defend the nests, but also hollow them out. Then, once the eggs are laid, they use their pectoral fins to fan them, creating a current of oxygenated water that helps the eggs mature.
Ok, but don't they also nibble on their eggs? They do indeed. But here’s the interesting thing. The scientists observed that when there were female sand gobies around, the males spent less time nibbling and more time fanning their eggs and working on their nests. Show off. This was especially true for sand gobies with larger nests, maybe because bigger nests provide room for additional mating. And do the female sand gobies fall for these fatherly types? That's the next question researcher's trying to answer.
今天我們來(lái)看看魚(yú)的招親廣告---單身雌魚(yú)在尋找能幫助產(chǎn)卵的優(yōu)良雄魚(yú)。你不是說(shuō)真的吧?魚(yú)不可能登廣告，而且生物學(xué)上有一個(gè)常見(jiàn)的假設(shè)---繁殖與育兒行為相沖突。由于在育兒方面花了更多精力，在求愛(ài)和交配上剩的精力就少了。所以雌魚(yú)難道不會(huì)選擇一個(gè)更好的求愛(ài)者嗎?
我希望如此?？茖W(xué)家記錄下了實(shí)驗(yàn)室內(nèi)所謂的親代求偶行為。這時(shí)動(dòng)物展示它們的育兒技巧來(lái)求偶。佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué)的研究人員對(duì)沙鰕虎魚(yú)，一種生于歐洲海岸的小魚(yú)進(jìn)行了研究。有20%的魚(yú)類表現(xiàn)出育兒行為，沙鰕虎魚(yú)屬其中之一。
沙鰕虎魚(yú)在海螺殼下筑巢。雄性沙鰕虎魚(yú)不僅要護(hù)巢，還要讓它空無(wú)一物。產(chǎn)下卵后，它們會(huì)用胸鰭扇風(fēng)，制造一股充滿氧氣的水，助卵成熟。
但它們也要吃自己的寶寶嗎?的確是。但有一個(gè)非常有趣的現(xiàn)象。科學(xué)家觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)附近有雌沙鰕虎魚(yú)時(shí)，雄沙鰕虎魚(yú)花更少時(shí)間咬它們，而花更多時(shí)間給寶寶扇風(fēng)，或者筑巢。這是賣(mài)弄。這種現(xiàn)象對(duì)有較大巢穴的雄沙鰕虎魚(yú)而言更是如此，也許是因?yàn)槌苍酱螅慌涞目臻g越大。那么雌沙鰕虎魚(yú)會(huì)為這種充滿父愛(ài)型的動(dòng)心嗎?這是研究人員接下來(lái)要探索的問(wèn)題了。
