Part V Cloze
(紅字字符為正確答案)
Strong emotional bonds between mothers and infants increase children’s willingness to explore the world—an effect that has been observed 67 the animal kingdom, in people, monkeys and even spiders. The more secure we are in our 68 to Mom, the more likely we are to try new things and take risks. Now researchers are discovering that this effect continues into adulthood. A 69 reminder of Mom’s touch or the sound of her voice on the phone is
70 to change people’s minds and moods, 71 their decision making in measurable ways.
In a study 72 online in April in Psychological Science, undergraduate business students had to choose between safe bets and risky gambles—a bond with a guaranteed 4 percent yearly
73 or a riskier stock option, for example. In half the cases, the experimenters patted the students 74 on the back of the shoulder for about one second 75 providing verbal instructions about the study. Both male and female students who were touched by a female experimenter were 76 more likely to choose the risky alternative 77 were those who had not been touched or were patted by male experimenters. The reassuring(寬慰的)touch of a woman may have induced early associations, 78 the same openness to exploration that is observed in young children of 79 mothers, explains Jonathan Levav, a business professor at Columbia University and lead author of the study.
To further 80 that a woman’s touch links feelings of security 81 risk taking, the researchers asked a 82 group of undergraduates to make financial decisions after a writing exercise. Half of them wrote about a time they felt secure and supported, whereas the 83 half wrote about feeling insecure and alone. Evoking (喚起) a 84 of insecurity made students in the latter group 85 receptive to the gentle shoulder pats from female experimenters and much more willing to take a risk—just as a child leaving for a field trip might steal one last reassuring hug 86 Mom before stepping on the bus.
67. A. by B. up C. above D. across
68. A. concern B. attachment C. treatment D. appeal
69. A. bare B. unique C. mere D. just
70. A. enough B. ready C. easy D. quick
71. A. generating B. regulating C. affecting D. refining
72. A. exhibited B. published C. appeared D. advertised
73. A. return B. expense C. cost D. prize
74. A. seemingly B. strongly C. partly D. lightly
75. A. if B. so C. while D. whereas
76. A. rather B. far C. further D. pretty
77. A. than B. as C. which D. that
78. A. intending B. inferring C. inspiring D. instructing
79. A. supportive B. lively C. strict D. respectful
80. A. enable B. ensure C. consent D. confirm
81. A. beyond B. with C. for D. along
82. A. relative B. competitive C. different D. successive
83. A. next B. other C. minor D. opposite
84. A. hint B. clue C. chain D. sense
85. A. especially B. specially C. securely D. entirely
86. A. toward B. into C. of D. from
【總評(píng)】完形填空原文源自美國(guó)科普雜志《科學(xué)美國(guó)人》(Scientific American)。原文標(biāo)題為
All about My Mother: How Touch Helps Us Take Risks,作者Ferris Jabr。原文共五段,495字,題目選取了原文前三段并做了細(xì)微修改,共345字。主要講述的是母親與嬰兒間形成的情感紐帶會(huì)影響孩子探索世界的行為。這是一篇典型的議論文,第一段第一句給出論點(diǎn),指出母親與嬰兒間形成的情感紐帶會(huì)影響人們的行為,接著在第二段和第三段,通過(guò)兩個(gè)已經(jīng)發(fā)表的文章中的實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)證明這一觀點(diǎn)。
Part VITranslation
翻譯
87. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never before in my life___________(我感到如此激動(dòng))!
88. Yesterday Jane left the meeting early. Otherwise, she_____________________(可能會(huì)說(shuō)一些后來(lái)會(huì)懊悔的話(huà).)
89. With the noise going on outside the classroom, I had great difficulty _______________(集中注意力復(fù)習(xí)功課).
90. This is the first time I ____________________(聽(tīng)到他們用法語(yǔ)交流).
91.All the information you need to apply for your visa is _______________(可以免費(fèi)獲取).
答案
87. had I felt so excited
【解析】本題考查過(guò)去完成時(shí)及倒裝句。第一句話(huà)是過(guò)去時(shí),第二句話(huà)可知其行為發(fā)生在過(guò)去之前,由此得出第二句話(huà)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài),其結(jié)構(gòu)為“had done”;第二句第一個(gè)詞為“Never”否定詞,因此句子主謂要倒裝。
88.could have said somethingthat she might regret later
【解析】本題考查過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。第二句是對(duì)過(guò)去行為一種推測(cè),而事實(shí)上行為并未發(fā)生,因第一句話(huà)的時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去時(shí),可判斷此句是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬,其主句的構(gòu)成為“主語(yǔ)+could+have +過(guò)去分詞”。另外注意本句“后來(lái)會(huì)懊悔的”這個(gè)修飾語(yǔ),通常翻譯成一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)修飾中心詞。
89.in focusing on reviewing the lessons
【解析】本題考查短語(yǔ)固定搭配。”has / have difficult in doing something”,表示做什么有困難。本題表示無(wú)法集中注意力復(fù)習(xí)功課。“復(fù)習(xí)功課”通常的表達(dá)有 “review the lessons”, “go over the lessons”。
90.have heard them communicating with each other in French.
【解析】本題考查使役動(dòng)詞的用法以及現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。表示第幾次做某事 ,本句謂語(yǔ)是“is”一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),那么主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”have done”;“聽(tīng)到某人做某事”的固定表達(dá)為”hear sb. doing sth.”
91. available for free
【解析】本題固定表達(dá)。”be available “,意思為“可得到的,可獲得的”;“免費(fèi)”用介詞結(jié)構(gòu)”for free”。
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