用英語說中國旅游華北地區(qū)13：呼和浩特市五塔寺主要景點(diǎn)與周邊名勝

主要景點(diǎn)

1. Uazhao Temple

1.大召寺

Dazhao Temple is in the old city of Hohhot. This is the earliest temple in Hohhot with a history of over 400years. The temple is entirely patterned after Chinese temples except for the main hall，whichis patterned after a Tibetan Lama temple. In the middle of the Buddha hall sits a silver Buddha statute，which provides Dazhao Temple with its alternative name of Silver Buddha Temple.

大召寺位于呼和浩特川城南部，是呼和浩特市建立最早的寺廟，即今已有400年的歷史。大召寺院建筑考究，人殿是常見的藏漢式喇嘛廟風(fēng)格，其余部分則是依照傳統(tǒng)中式廟宇的式樣而建。佛堂中間立著一座銀色佛像。由于寺中供奉銀制釋迦牟尼像，所以當(dāng)時(shí)也稱銀佛寺。

Dazhao Temple，‘Wuliang Si(Infinite Temple)’in Chinese .is the oldest building and the largest temple in Hohhot，Inner Mongolia. Locally，people usually refer to it as the Silver Buddha Temple(Ynfo Si)for it is here that there is a rare silver statue of Sakyamuni that measures 2.5-meter-high(8.2-foot-high).

大召寺，又稱無量寺。是內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特市最古老最宏大的寺廟建筑。當(dāng)?shù)厝送ǔ６挤Q它為銀佛寺是因?yàn)樗轮泄┓钪?.5米的釋迦牟尼像。

The construction of the temple was tompleted in 1580 during the Ming Dynasty(1368一1644)and it is therefore the oldest Lamaist Buddhist temple in Inner Mongolia. There was a major reconstruction in 1640 although much of the original architectural style was retained.

寺廟的建設(shè)于清朝1580年完工，囚此也是內(nèi)蒙最古老的喇嘛教徒沸教寺廟。在保留原有建筑風(fēng)格的基礎(chǔ)上，該寺又在1640年又進(jìn)行了重建。

Dazhao Temple owns its fame to a visit by the third Tibetan Dalai Lama in 1586，when he came to dedicate the Silver Buddha statue. As a consequence Hohhot became a religious center for people from all over Mongolia who came to worship at the temple. Another notable event in the temple's long history was a visit by Emperor Kangxi during the early part of the Qing Dynasty(1644一1911).

大召寺因1568年第三代賴?yán)锏酱苏匈?zèng)銀佛像而出名，結(jié)果，呼和浩特就變成了蒙古的宗教中心，人們都前來祭拜。在寺廟悠久的歷史上，還有另一個(gè)有名的事件，就是清朝皇帝康熙的到訪。

The temple is now a well-known tourist attraction because of the impressive buildings，splendid statues delicate trescos,muslcai msiruorema and fine collection of Buddhist scriptures.Of its abundant religious relics perhaps the most notable are the 'Three Marvelous Treasures'，a title given to the Silver Buddha，the carved dragons on the huge golden pillars on either side of the statue and commemorating the Emperor's visit.

寺廟現(xiàn)在成為著名的旅游勝地還因?yàn)檫@有令人難忘的建筑、精彩雕像、精美壁畫,樂器和收藏完好的佛經(jīng)。在它許多的宗教遺物中，最著名的或許是“三件珍寶:銀佛像、佛像兩旁金色柱子上雕刻的龍和皇帝到訪時(shí)的題詞留念。

Except for the main hall,the existing buildings witnin the temple complex are nearly all in the Han style.The main hall is a lamasery combining both Tibetan Han styles of architecture.It has three parts. The front part is a two-story hall with an empty pavilion in the first floor;Jing Tang( the hall for chanting)and Fo Tang(the(the hall for worshiping Buddha)are central andrear sections. The perfectly preserved Silver Buddha lies in Fo Tang as it has for some four hundred years. In the splendid and solemn front of the hall，there is a pair of iron lions with their heads held high.

除了主廳，寺廟內(nèi)現(xiàn)存的建筑都是漢朝建筑風(fēng)格。主廳是融合了西藏和漢代建筑風(fēng)格的喇嘛寺院。它分為三部分，前面的部分是一個(gè)兩層大廳，在一樓有一個(gè)空亭子;經(jīng)堂和佛堂在中問偏后的位置。銀佛像保存完好，被安放在佛堂，已有四百年歷史了。大廳的前而輝煌而莊嚴(yán)，立著兩個(gè)昂首挺胸的石獅子。

2. Xilituzhao Palace

2.席力圖召(小召)

Xilituzhao Palace is a key cultural protection unit of Inner Mongona mous Region.It is located in the north of Stone Lane，Yuquan District，Hohhot. It isabout 100 meters(328 feet)away from the famous Dazhao Temple. The palace is the largest Lama temple in Hohhot.

席力圖召是內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)重要的文化保護(hù)單位。該召座落在呼和浩舊城玉泉區(qū)石頭巷北端，座北向南，距離大召寺約100米，它是呼和浩特市內(nèi)最大的一個(gè)喇嘛寺。席力圖是蒙古語，意為“首席”或“法座”。

Xilitu，means‘Holy Seat’in Mongolian. It was built in the reign of Emperor Wan Li of Ming Dynasty(1368一1644) for Dalai Lama III and Dalai Lama IV to commemorate the lamas. Xilituzhao Palace was originally quite small，but later on，in the Qing Dynasty(1644一1911)，it was renovated and expanded to its present scale.

據(jù)史料記載，明萬歷九年(公元1582年)，土默特蒙古部阿勒坦汗死后，其子僧格都楞繼承了王位。他執(zhí)政后，效仿他父親的作法，決定邀請(qǐng)三世達(dá)賴索南堅(jiān)措到內(nèi)蒙古子右翼各部傳播宗教三世達(dá)賴接受了他的邀清為了迎接索南堅(jiān)措三世達(dá)賴的到來，僧格都楞于萬歷十二年(公元1585年)為他建造了這座小喇嘛廟—席力圖召。后來，在康熙、雍正、咸豐和光緒年間，，經(jīng)不斷擴(kuò)建和修繕.席力圖召成為呼和浩特地區(qū)規(guī)模最大的喇嘛教寺院，并掌握著這個(gè)地區(qū)的黃教大權(quán)。召廟建筑宏敞，風(fēng)格獨(dú)具，雖經(jīng)歷了四百年風(fēng)雨和動(dòng)亂，仍保留較完整。

The temple was quite grand and unique in architectural style. it remains intact despite being weathered by wind and rain for 400years.The layout of the vuhole architectural complex is the typical traditional Han style. The buildings cover an are a of 5 000 sq meters(5 979 sq yards).The whole architectural complex stands in a symmetrical order. With a mountain gate and a main hall standing in an axis，side halls，storehouses and pavilions，bell and drum towers symmetrically stand in the wings. The main hall consisting of a sutra hall and a Buddha worshiping hall is the main structure of the palace. It is a Tibetan style wooden structure，with walls decorated with colored glazed brick. The roof is covered with green glazed tiles. The Buddha worshiping hall was damaged in a fire though the sutra hall preserves its original condition.

寺廟的建筑風(fēng)格盛大而獨(dú)樹一幟。盡管被風(fēng)化了四百年，依然保持原狀。整個(gè)建筑的整體布局是典型的傳統(tǒng)漢式風(fēng)格這些建筑占地5 000平方米，對(duì)稱排列，即從山門到大殿形成條中軸線兩側(cè)對(duì)稱布置有側(cè)殿、倉房、碑亭和鐘鼓樓。帶有藏經(jīng)堂和拜佛堂的大殿為寺廟的主建筑。這是一個(gè)藏式木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑，墻壁用彩色琉璃磚磚鑲嵌，屋頂鋪設(shè)著綠色琉璃瓦。然而，拜佛堂后來被一把大火燒毀，藏經(jīng)堂卻仍保持著原有的風(fēng)貌。

To the east of the main hall stands a stone pagoda made of white marble,which is the best preserved Lama pagoda of bowl-earthen style in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The pagoda with an average height of i 5 meters ( 49 feet ) is magnificent. Originally，to the northeast of the pagoda。there was a larger temple named Naichun Temple，but unfortunately，it was burnt down in 1887. In front of Xilituzhao is a superb paifang，an archway. The archway across the street stands facing the mountain gate. It is a wooden structure decorated with exquisite colored paintings.

院內(nèi)東側(cè)傲然屹立著一座漢白玉砌成的覆缽式喇嘛塔，塔的平均高度為15米，很壯觀。最初，在塔的東北部，有座更大的寺廟叫乃春廟，但不幸的是,1887年這座廟被燒毀。在席力圖召的前面是一個(gè)大牌坊。街道有對(duì)面有一道拱門l面對(duì)山門而立，是用精美繪畫修飾的木質(zhì)建筑。

Xilituzhao Palace is the most exquisite preserved temple in Hohhot The magnificent architecture and splendid colored paintings make the palace a tourist resort. AdditionaAy，many religious activities and Buddhist conference are held here every year.

席力圖召是呼和浩特保存完好的一個(gè)寺廟，壯現(xiàn)的建筑，精彩的繪畫使它成為 一個(gè)旅游勝地。另外，每年許多宗教活動(dòng)和佛教會(huì)議都在此舉行。

3. Wanbu Huayanjing Pagoda( White Pagoda)

3.萬部華言經(jīng)塔(白塔)

Buiff in the Liao Dynasty(916一1125)，the Wanbu Huayanjing(Ten Thousand Huayan Buddhist Scriptures)Pagoda is located in the east suburbs about 17 kilometers(11 miles) from Hohhot City. Legend says that about ten thousand volumes of the Huayan Buddhist Scripture once were kept in the pagoda，hence its name. Due to lts white surface,the pagoda is also called the White Pagoda. In 1982，the Wanbu Huoyanjing Pagoda became a national key cultural relic site.

修建于遼代(916一1125)的萬部華言(一萬部華言佛經(jīng))經(jīng)塔位于護(hù)師郊區(qū)東部17公里處。傳說此塔因保存著一萬部華言佛經(jīng)而得名。由于外觀為白色，故又稱白塔。1982年，萬部華言經(jīng)塔被列為國家重點(diǎn)文化遺產(chǎn)。

With a height of 55 meters(180 feet)，the Wanbu Huayanjing Pagoda is a seven-tier octagonal brick and wood structure. In order to survive earthquakes，many wooden stakes were wedged in the walls to reinforce the structure. Each story of the pagoda consists of the exterior wall，the interior wall and the cloister between them. A spiral staircase connects the stories together and leads to the top of the pagoda. Bronze mirrors are embedded under the eaves of each side of the pagoda. Wind bells hang on the ceiling of the corner of each story and on the rafter of the seventh tier .Approaching the pagoda，tourists can see the bronze mirrors gleaming under the sun and hear the euphonious sound of the wind bells.

萬部華言經(jīng)塔高55米、是七排八角型磚木結(jié)構(gòu)。為了應(yīng)對(duì)地震，許多木鐵砧被楔在墻壁內(nèi)以加固建筑結(jié)構(gòu)塔的句一而都包括外墻，內(nèi)墻和兩墻之問的回廊。一部螺旋梯把這幾面相連，并且通向塔頂。塔各邊的房檐下都安裝了銅鏡，還有風(fēng)鈴掛在每一面角落的天花板和第七排的椽木上。走進(jìn)塔內(nèi)，游人就會(huì)看到古銅色的鏡子在太陽的照射下閃閃發(fā)光，聽到風(fēng)鈴發(fā)出的悅耳的聲音。

On the pedestal are carved beautiful lotus petals. The sculptures of Bodhisattvas，Heavenly Kings and other Buddhist figures are embedded on the surface of the walls of the first and the second tiers. These sculptures are considered to be the finest expressions of the sculpturing art in the Liao Dynasty

萬部華言經(jīng)塔基座上雕刻著美麗的蓮花花瓣，第、二層墻壁的表面雕刻著菩薩、玉皇大帝和一些佛教人物。人們認(rèn)為這此雕塑完美地表達(dá)了遼代的雕刻藝術(shù)。

Each story of the pagoda has two gates. On the door head of the south gate of the first story is embedded a plaque with the inscription，'Wanbu Huayanjing Pagoda'. Originally，nine Jin Dynasty(1115一1234)steles were preserved on the first floor. Only six remain extant today. Inside the pagoda are also preserved some in scriptions of the Jin，Yuan，Ming and Ding Dynasties which are written in Chinese or languages of other ethnic minorities.

塔的每個(gè)面都有兩扇門。樓南門的門頭上掛著一塊匾，上面寫著“萬部經(jīng)言塔”。起初，九塊金代石碑是在一樓保存著的。而如今卻只剩下了六塊。塔內(nèi)還保存著金、元、明、清的一些記載資料，用漢語或其他少數(shù)民族語言編寫而成。

Other Attractions Around the Place

周邊名勝

1. Gegentala Grassland

1.格根塔拉草原

Gegentala Grassland is to the north of Hohhot，within the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It is the largest and a unique Mongolian scenic spot bearing the Mongolian ethical features of China. In Mongolian‘Gegentala’means a summer resort or the place of grazing in summer. On the grassland .the weather is cool and the natural scenery is fascinating. With thriving grass and abundant water，the green of the grassland reach out as far as your eyes can see.

格根塔拉草原在內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)呼和浩特市北部，是具有中國蒙占族特色的最大且獨(dú)特的蒙古景點(diǎn)。格根塔拉草原的蒙語意思為“避暑勝地”。在草原上，氣候涼爽，自然風(fēng)景引人人勝。草木生長旺盛，水資源豐富，放眼望去，滿眼皆綠。

Colorful wild flowers and flocks of sheep that look like masses of cloud make the scene absolutely beautiful.

多姿多彩的野花和成群的羊兒使風(fēng)景變得異常優(yōu)美。

Besides the scenery of Gegentala Grassland，visitors can also taste traditional Mongolian food and take part in local activities. While listening to the melodious toasting songs and appreciating traditional Mongolian dances，visitors have the opportunity to taste kumiss,roasted whole sheep and shouba rou(boiled mutton eaten with hands).In traditional Mongolian clothes，visitors can take part in horse race，wrestling and archery which have been popular in Inner Mongolia for thousands of years. At night，people sit around bonfires singing and dancing to their hearts' content. After one day's travel，the Mongol ger，which means home in Mongolian，provides accommodation for the tourist. All these experiences give visitors the true feeling of what life is like on the vast grassland.

游客除了欣賞格根塔拉草原的風(fēng)景，還可以品嘗傳統(tǒng)的蒙古美食，參加當(dāng)?shù)氐拿袼谆顒?dòng);除了可以欣賞旋律優(yōu)美的敬酒歌，還可以欣賞傳統(tǒng)的蒙古舞，品嘗馬奶酒，烤羊肉和手抓羊肉。 游客還可以穿著傳統(tǒng)的蒙古服裝參加賽馬比賽、搏斗和射箭，這些活動(dòng)在內(nèi)蒙古地區(qū)已經(jīng)流行了幾千年。晚上，人們圍坐在簧火旁唱歌跳舞，非常盡興。結(jié)束了一天的旅行，游客可以在蒙古包休息。蒙古包對(duì)蒙古人而言就是家。所有這些都讓游客真真切切地感受著大草原。

To enrich the tourist experience，modern facilities,such as night clubs and luxurious Mongol gers，have been established. Every July or August when flowers are in full bloom and sheep and horses are in their best condition，a tourism festival called Nadam Fair is held(Nadam Fair means entertainment and amusement in Mongolian. It is a traditional grand meeting and also an annual gala event for the Mongolian).This period is also a favorable season for travel.

為了使游客的經(jīng)歷更加豐富，像夜總會(huì)、豪華蒙古包之類的現(xiàn)代娛樂設(shè)施已經(jīng)建立起來。每年七、八月份鮮花盛開時(shí)節(jié)，也是羊兒、馬兒最為膘肥體壯之時(shí)。這里會(huì)舉辦極具地方特色的旅游節(jié)。這個(gè)時(shí)期是最適宜來此旅行。

2. Xilamuren Grassland

2.希拉穆仁草原

Xilamuren Grassland is a typical altiplano prairie，with exuberant grass and vigorous wildflowers in summer and autumn. Situated 100 kilometers (62miles) from Hohhot，the grassland is also known as Zhaohe because of its Lama Puhui Temple. Behind Puhui Temple flows XilamurenRiver, yellow river in Mongolian. Tourists can go across the bridge to Abinlebao Hill to admire the boundless prairie. Aobao，a stone pile,was originally a land mark in the boundless grassland.As the grassland was far away from mountains，people gradually began to regard aobao as a mountain where they could worship gods. Such worship ceremonies can last several days and are also used as an opportunity for young people to date.The famous folk song Date at aobao may be a product of this custom. It is also said that if you pick up a stone and walk around aobao three times in a clock wise direction，make a wish，and then put the stone back at aobao ，your wish will be fulfilled

希拉穆仁草原是典型的高原草場(chǎng)。每當(dāng)夏秋時(shí)節(jié)，綠草如茵，鮮花遍地，一望無際的景色，使人如癡如醉。希拉穆仁草原俗稱“召河”，位于呼和浩特市北100公里處，因在希拉穆仁河邊有清代喇嘛廟“普會(huì)寺”而得名?？邕^河上大橋可達(dá)阿勒賓敖包山上觀賞美麗的草原風(fēng)光。敖包，是一個(gè)石堆，最初是一望尤際人草原的一個(gè)地標(biāo)。因?yàn)椴菰x山很遠(yuǎn)，漸漸地人們就把敖包當(dāng)成祭拜天神的山。這種祭拜儀式持續(xù)好幾天，因此也為年輕人的約會(huì)提供了便利。著名歌曲《敖包相會(huì)》就是這個(gè)習(xí)俗的產(chǎn)物。據(jù)說，如果你檢起一塊石頭按順時(shí)針方向沿著敖包走三圈，許個(gè)愿望，然后把這塊石頭放回敖包，愿望就會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。

Xilamuren Grassland is the first grassland tourist attraction opened in Hohhot.Xilamuren，which means ‘yellow water’in Mongolian，is also known as Taihe of ter PuhuiTemple，a Lama temple built in 1769 in the Qing Dynasty(1644一1911).

希拉穆仁草原是呼和浩特第1個(gè)向游開放的草原旅游勝地。希拉穆子一的蒙語意思為“黃色的水”。“普會(huì)寺”原為呼和浩特席力圖召六世活佛的避暑行宮，建于乾隆34年(公元1769年)。

The best time to visit the grassland is in summer and autumn.At this time of year, the pleasant climate，the blue sky and white clouds，the rolling grass，the wandering flocks and herds，the passionate herdsmen and their Mongolian food will undoubtedly leave you with a deep impression. During the Nadam Festival held every summer，tourists can enjoy a series of different activities including camel riding， horse racing，wrestling , archery，a camp fire party and singing and dancing.You can even take part in some of the competitions that you are interested in.

去希拉穆仁草原旅游的最佳時(shí)節(jié)為夏季和秋季。在這段時(shí)間里，氣候宜人，藍(lán)天，白云，起伏的青草，漫步的牛羊，熱情的牧人和蒙古美食，毫無疑問會(huì)給游客留下很深的印象。在一年一度的旅游節(jié)上，游客可以體驗(yàn)不同的活動(dòng)，有騎駱駝、賽馬、摔跤、射擊、篝火晚會(huì)。游客甚至可以參加些自己感興趣的比賽。