最新托福長(zhǎng)難句訓(xùn)練附解析

　　In addition, results from other types of preschool readiness programs indicate that those who participate and graduate are less like to repeat grades, and they are more likely to complete school than readiness program, for every dollar spent on the program,taxpayers saved seven dollars by the time the graduates reached the age of 27.

　　結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：

　　(In addition), results (from other types of preschool readiness programs)indicate that those (who participate and graduate) are less like to repeat grades, and they are more likely to complete school than readiness program, (for every dollar spent on the program, taxpayers saved seven dollars by the time the graduates reached the age of 27.)

　　深度分析：

　　這個(gè)句子的主干：results indicate that

　　后面從句是一個(gè)并列結(jié)構(gòu)：those are less like to repeat grades, and they are more likely to complete schoolthan readiness program

　　修飾一：(In addition)，介詞短語(yǔ)

　　中文：另外

　　修飾二：(from other types of preschool readiness programs)，介詞短語(yǔ)

　　中文：來(lái)自其他類型的學(xué)齡前預(yù)備項(xiàng)目

　　修飾三：(who participate and graduate)，從句，修飾those

　　中文：參加并且畢業(yè)

　　修飾四：(for every dollar spent on the program, taxpayers saved seven dollars by the time the graduates reached the age of 27.)，從句

　　注意從句里面還有一個(gè)從句，即by the time+從句 the graduates reached the age of 27，此處的by the time可看成連詞，像anytime/every time/the moment一樣。

　　中文：因?yàn)榛ㄔ谶@個(gè)項(xiàng)目的每一美元，在畢業(yè)生27歲時(shí)，納稅人可以節(jié)約7美元

　　參考翻譯：

　　另外，來(lái)自其他類型的學(xué)齡前預(yù)備項(xiàng)目的結(jié)果表明：那些參加過(guò)學(xué)前項(xiàng)目并畢業(yè)的人重讀可能性更少，他們更愿意完成學(xué)校而不是預(yù)備項(xiàng)目，因?yàn)榛ㄔ谶@個(gè)項(xiàng)目的每一美元，在畢業(yè)生27歲時(shí)，納稅人可以節(jié)約7美元。

　　原句案例：

　　A fertile, plowed field is rapidly invaded by a large variety of weeds, whereas a neighboring construction site from which the soil has been compacted or removed to expose a coarse, infertile parent material may remain virtually free of vegetation for many months or even years despite receiving the same input of seeds as the plowed field.

　　詞匯講解：

　　fertile /'f??ta?l/ adj. (指土地)肥沃的, 富饒的;(指動(dòng)植物)能結(jié)果實(shí)的, 能生育的;(指人的頭腦)主意多的, 有創(chuàng)造力的

　　plow /plau/ v. 犁<地>，用犁耕<地>

　　compact /k?m'pækt/ v. 將(某物)緊壓在一起

　　coarse /k??s/ adj. 粗糙的;(指食物﹑ 酒等)低劣的, 粗劣的;不高雅的，粗俗的;

　　結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：

　　A fertile, plowed field is rapidly invaded (by a large variety of weeds), whereas a neighboring construction site (from which the soil has been compacted or removed to expose a coarse, infertile parent material) may remain virtually free of vegetation (for many months or even years) (despite receiving the same input of seeds as the plowed field.)

　　深度分析：

　　這個(gè)句子的主干部分是：

　　A fertile, plowed field is rapidly invaded whereas a neighboring construction site may remain virtually free of vegetation

　　whereas然而，表示對(duì)比，對(duì)比兩種情況

　　修飾一：(by a large variety of weeds) ，介詞短語(yǔ)

　　中文：被各種各樣的雜草

　　修飾二：(from which the soil has been compacted or removed to expose a coarse, infertile parent material) ，從句，修飾a neighboring construction site

　　這個(gè)句子理解的難點(diǎn)應(yīng)該就在這里了，這個(gè)從句把a(bǔ) neighboringconstruction site和may remain virtually free ofvegetation分開(kāi)了，注意斷句不要出問(wèn)題。

　　中文：這里的土壤被緊壓或移除過(guò)以至于露出母質(zhì)層(不要去理解啥是parent material，學(xué)術(shù)名詞)

　　修飾三：(for many months or even years) ，介詞短語(yǔ)

　　中文：幾個(gè)月偶然甚至是幾年

　　修飾四：(despite receiving the same inputof seeds as the plowed field.) ，介詞短語(yǔ)

　　中文：盡管得到了和這塊翻耕地同樣多的種子

　　參考翻譯：

　　一塊肥沃且被翻耕過(guò)的土地會(huì)被各種各樣的雜草迅速入侵，然而一個(gè)鄰近的建筑工地(這里的土壤被緊壓或移除過(guò)以至于露出母質(zhì)層)可能幾個(gè)月甚至幾年都幾乎沒(méi)有植被覆蓋，盡管得到了和這塊翻耕地同樣多的種子。