電子煙正誘導青少年吸煙 國家衛(wèi)健委擬立法監(jiān)管

A high school principal displays vaping devices that were confiscated from students at the school in Massachusetts, the US, April 10, 2018. [Photo/IC]

China is planning to establish legislation to supervise electronic cigarettes as part of overall tobacco control efforts as use of the products increases among the youth, the National Health Commission said on Monday.

國家衛(wèi)健委7月22日表示，隨著電子煙在青少年中的使用增加，我國計劃立法對電子煙進行監(jiān)管，作為控煙行動的一個舉措。

目前主流的電子煙(electronic cigarettes/e-cigarettes)大部分都是通過一個霧化器(vaporator)將包含丙二醇、植物甘油、調(diào)味香料和尼古丁等成分的煙油變成蒸汽，模擬吸煙時產(chǎn)生類似煙霧。

國家衛(wèi)生健康委規(guī)劃司司長毛群安表示，電子煙的危害問題應該引起高度重視。

電子煙產(chǎn)生的氣溶膠含有許多有毒有害的物質(zhì)(toxic substances)，電子煙中的各種添加劑成分(additives)也存在著健康風險(health risk)。另外，許多電子煙產(chǎn)品所含的尼古丁濃度標識模糊(nicotine concentration claim on the label is vague)，容易導致使用者吸食過量。

同時，電子煙的器具還存在著電池爆炸(battery explosion)、煙液滲透(tobacco juice leak)、高溫燙傷(scald burn risk)等安全風險。

目前我國電子煙的使用處于較低水平，但與2015年相比有所提高，而且重點還都是年輕人。

About 0.9 percent of people in China were e-cigarette users last year-compared with 0.5 percent in 2015-according to a survey released by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention in May, which was based on nearly 20,000 people across China. The number of e-cigarette users in China who are 15 years or older is estimated at 10 million, the center said.

中國疾控中心今年5月針對近2萬人進行的一項調(diào)查顯示，去年我國電子煙使用者人數(shù)占總?cè)丝诘?.9%，比2015年的0.5%有所上升。我國15歲及以上電子煙使用者的數(shù)量預計約有1000萬。

根據(jù)國際的一些研究表明，電子煙的使用容易誘導青少年嘗試使用傳統(tǒng)的卷煙，這樣就加快了吸煙人群的年輕化趨勢。

"To reduce tobacco prevalence, we must prevent adolescents from trying tobacco. But e-cigarettes can easily lure youngsters and turn them into users of traditional tobacco later," Mao said.

毛群安說，要實現(xiàn)吸煙率的下降，一定要阻止青少年嘗試煙草，但是電子煙恰恰容易以時尚的方式誘導青少年先接觸電子煙，之后可能就接觸傳統(tǒng)的煙草。

It is necessary to intensify supervision over e-cigarettes. The National Heath Commission is working with other related departments conducting research on e-cigarette supervision and planning to put it under supervision through legislative means.

所以必須嚴格加強電子煙的監(jiān)管。目前國家衛(wèi)生健康委正在會同有關(guān)部門開展電子煙監(jiān)管的研究，計劃要通過立法的方式對電子煙進行監(jiān)管。

“健康中國行動”提出的控煙目標包括：

Over 80 percent of China's population will be under smoke-free legal protection as of 2030.

到2030年，全面無煙法規(guī)保護的人口比例達到80%及以上。

Party and government branches at all levels will become smoking-free by 2020, and smoking will get gradually banned throughout indoor public spaces, workplaces and public transport.

到2022年要基本實現(xiàn)把各級黨政機關(guān)建設(shè)成無煙機關(guān)，逐步在所有室內(nèi)公共場所、辦公場所及公共交通內(nèi)實現(xiàn)全面禁煙。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

禁煙令 smoking ban

健康中國行動 Healthy China initiative

被動吸煙 passive smoking

二手煙 second-hand smoke

老煙槍 chain smokers