開(kāi)放新舉措！這6個(gè)省區(qū)新設(shè)自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū)

日前，國(guó)務(wù)院印發(fā)《中國(guó)(山東)、(江蘇)、(廣西)、(河北)、(云南)、(黑龍江)自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū)總體方案》。

A container cargo port at the China (Liaoning) Pilot Free Trade Zone in Dalian, Liaoning province. [Photo/Xinhua]

Setting up new pilot FTZs is "a major decision by the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council and a strategic move to advance reform and opening-up in the new era," the plan said.

方案指出，新設(shè)自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū)是黨中央、國(guó)務(wù)院作出的重大決策，是新時(shí)代推進(jìn)改革開(kāi)放的戰(zhàn)略舉措。

This will bring the total number of the country's pilot FTZs to 18, which serve as pioneers of the country's reform and opening-up as they test new styles of foreign investment management, trade facilitation and transformation of government functions to better integrate the economy with international practices.

自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū)是我國(guó)改革開(kāi)放的先鋒，是新型外商投資管理、貿(mào)易便利化以及政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變的試驗(yàn)田，以便讓我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)更好地與國(guó)際慣例接軌。至此，我國(guó)自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū)總數(shù)將達(dá)到18個(gè)。

自2013年上海自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)先行探路開(kāi)始，我國(guó)自貿(mào)區(qū)建設(shè)已經(jīng)初步形成了“1+3+7+1+6”的基本格局。

圖片來(lái)源：經(jīng)濟(jì)日?qǐng)?bào)

《總體方案》提出了各有側(cè)重的差別化改革試點(diǎn)任務(wù)。

山東自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)圍繞加快推進(jìn)新舊發(fā)展動(dòng)能接續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)換、發(fā)展海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)，形成對(duì)外開(kāi)放新高地，提出了培育貿(mào)易新業(yè)態(tài)新模式(nurture new businesses)、加快發(fā)展海洋特色產(chǎn)業(yè)(develop the marine economy)和探索中日韓三國(guó)地方經(jīng)濟(jì)合作(explore China-Japan-Republic of Korea economic cooperation at the sub-national level)等方面的具體舉措。

江蘇自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)圍繞打造開(kāi)放型經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展先行區(qū)(pioneer in open economy development)、實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展(innovative development of real economy)和產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)示范區(qū)(demonstration zone for industrial tranformation and upgrade)，提出了提高境外投資合作水平、強(qiáng)化金融對(duì)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)的支撐和支持制造業(yè)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展(support innovation and development of the manufacturing industry)等方面的具體舉措。

廣西自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)圍繞建設(shè)西南中南西北出?？凇⒚嫦驏|盟的國(guó)際陸海貿(mào)易新通道(new channel for international land-sea trade targeting ASEAN)，形成21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路和絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶有機(jī)銜接的重要門(mén)戶，提出了暢通國(guó)際大通道、打造對(duì)東盟合作先行先試示范區(qū)(pilot zone of cooperation with the ASEAN region)和打造西部陸海聯(lián)通門(mén)戶港等方面的具體舉措。

河北自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)圍繞建設(shè)國(guó)際商貿(mào)物流重要樞紐(key hub for international trade and logistics)、新型工業(yè)化基地、全球創(chuàng)新高地和開(kāi)放發(fā)展先行區(qū)，提出了支持開(kāi)展國(guó)際大宗商品貿(mào)易(international commodity trade)、支持生物醫(yī)藥與生命健康產(chǎn)業(yè)開(kāi)放發(fā)展(the opening up of biomedicine- and healthcare-related industries)等方面的具體舉措。

云南自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)圍繞打造“一帶一路”和長(zhǎng)江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶互聯(lián)互通的重要通道(build an important channel of connectivity for the Belt and Road and the Yangtze River economic belt)，建設(shè)連接南亞?wèn)|南亞大通道的重要節(jié)點(diǎn)，推動(dòng)形成我國(guó)面向南亞?wèn)|南亞輻射中心、開(kāi)放前沿，提出了創(chuàng)新沿邊跨境經(jīng)濟(jì)合作模式(innovate modes of cross-border economic cooperation)和加大科技領(lǐng)域國(guó)際合作力度等方面的具體舉措。

黑龍江自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)圍繞深化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整(deepen industrial structure adjustment)，打造對(duì)俄羅斯及東北亞區(qū)域合作的中心樞紐，提出了加快實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)、推進(jìn)創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展和建設(shè)面向俄羅斯及東北亞的交通物流樞紐(build a transportation and logistics hub to facilitate cooperation with Russia and Northeast Asia)等方面的具體舉措。

方案強(qiáng)調(diào)，自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)建設(shè)過(guò)程中，要強(qiáng)化底線思維和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)意識(shí)，完善風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防控和處置機(jī)制(improve mechanism of risk control and response)，實(shí)現(xiàn)區(qū)域穩(wěn)定安全高效運(yùn)行，切實(shí)維護(hù)國(guó)家安全和社會(huì)安全(safeguard national and social security)。充分發(fā)揮地方和部門(mén)積極性，抓好各項(xiàng)改革試點(diǎn)任務(wù)落實(shí)，高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)高質(zhì)量建設(shè)自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)(build high-quality free trade pilot zones with high standards)。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū) pilot free trade zones

自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定 free trade agreement

營(yíng)商環(huán)境 business environment

投資環(huán)境 investment environment

外資準(zhǔn)入負(fù)面清單 negative lists for foreign investment market access