新概念第四冊課文精講 Lesson37:衰老過程
課文37 衰老過程
674. At the age of twelve years, the human body is at its most vigorous.
人體在12歲時是生命力最旺盛的時期。
675. It has yet to reach its full size and strength, and its owner his or her full intelligence;
雖然這個時期人的身材、體力和智力還有待發(fā)展和完善，
676. but at this age the likelihood of death is least.
但在這個年齡死亡的可能性最小。
677. Earlier, we were infants and young children, and consequently more vulnerable;
再早一些，我們是幼兒和小孩子，身體較脆弱;
678. later, we shall undergo a progressive loss of our vigour and resistance which,
再遲一些，我們就要經歷生命力和抵抗力逐步衰退的過程。
679. though imperceptible at first, will finally become so steep that we can live no longer,
雖然這個過程起初難以覺察，
680. however well we look after ourselves, and however well society, and our doctors, look after us.
但最終會急轉直下，不管我們怎樣精心照料我們自己，不管社會和醫(yī)生怎樣對我們進行精心照顧，我們也無法再活下去了。
681. This decline in vigour with the passing of time is called ageing.
生命力隨著時間的流失而衰退叫做衰老。
682. It is one of the most unpleasant discoveries which we all make that we must decline in this way,
人類發(fā)現的最不愉快的一個事實是：人必然會衰老。
683. that if we escape wars, accidents and disease we shall eventually 'die of old age',
既使我們能避開戰(zhàn)爭、意外的事故和各種疾病，我們最終也會“老死”;
684. and that this happens at a rate which differs little from person to person, so that there are heavy odds in favour of our dying between the ages of sixty-five and eighty.
衰老的速度在人與人之間相差甚微，我們最可能死亡的年齡在65至80歲之間，
685. Some of us will die sooner, a few will live longer -- on into a ninth or tenth decade.
有些人會死得早一些，少數人壽命會長一些 -- 活到八十幾歲或九十幾歲，
686. But the chances are against it, and there is a virtual limit on how long we can hope to remain alive, however lucky and robust we are.
但這種可能性很小。不管我們多么幸運，多么健壯，我們所希望的長壽實際上是有限度的。
687. Normal people tend to forget this process unless and until they are reminded of it.
衰老的過程，不經提起，正常人容易忘記;一經提醒，才會記起。
688. We are so familiar with the fact that man ages, that people have for years assumed that the process of losing vigour with time, of becoming more likely to die the older we get, was something self-evident,
我們對人總是要衰老的現象并不陌生，多年來就已認識到。生命隨著時間流失而喪失活力，人隨著年齡的增長而接近死亡，這是不言而喻的，
689. like the cooling of a hot kettle or the wearing-out of a pair of shoes.
就像一壺熱水遲早會涼不來，一雙鞋漸漸會磨破一樣。
690. They have also assumed that all animals, and probably other organisms such as trees, or even the universe itself, must in the nature of things 'wear out'.
人們不但認識到所有的動物，大概也認識到所有的有機物。如樹木，甚至宇宙本身，從事物的本質上來說都會“磨損掉”。
691. Most animals we commonly observe do in fact age as we do, if given the chance to live long enough;
我們通常看到的大多數動物，即使能讓它們活得足夠長久的話，也會像我們一樣衰老的。
692. and mechanical systems like a wound watch, or the sun, do in fact run out of energy in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics (whether the whole universe does so is a moot point at present).
像上緊發(fā)條的手表那樣的機械裝置，或太陽，也都會消耗完其能量(整個宇宙否如此，目前沿有爭論)。
693. But these are not analogous to what happens when man ages.
不過，這些衰老的情況同人并不相似。
694. A run-down watch is still a watch and can be rewound. An old watch, by contrast, becomes so worn and unreliable that it eventually is not worth mending.
手表停了依然是只手表，還可以重上好發(fā)條。然而一只老掉牙的手表，磨損太厲害，老得一點兒不準了，最終不值得修理了。
695. But a watch could never repair itself -- it does not consist of living parts, only of metal, which wears away by friction.
但是，手表決不會自行修理，它不是由有生命的部件組成，而是由金屬組成，而金屬可以隨著磨擦而磨損殆盡。
696. We could, at one time, repair ourselves --well enough, at least, to overcome all but the most instantly fatal illnesses and accidents.
而我們人，在一定時間內是可以自行修復的，除了暴病死或意外事故外，至少足以克服一切疾病和事故。
697. Between twelve and eighty years we gradually lose this power;
在12歲至80歲之間，我們逐漸喪失這種能力。
698. an illness which at twelve would knock us over, at eighty can knock us out, and another 700 for the survivors to be reduced by half again.
能使我們在12歲時病倒的疾病，到了80歲可能會使我們一厥不振而進入墳墓。假如我們能保持12歲時的旺盛生命力，那么我們當中的一半人過700年才會死去，剩下的一半人再過700年，才會又減少一半。
