BBC News:拿破侖下令炸克里姆林宮的信件被拍賣

BBC新聞講解附字幕:拿破侖下令炸克里姆林宮的信件被拍賣

BBC News with David Austin.

David Austin為你播報(bào)BBC新聞。

The Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas has been given a hero's welcome on his return from the United Nations in New York. He was back in Ramallah after securing an enhanced recognition for Palestinians. Yolande Knell is in Ramallah.

巴勒斯坦總統(tǒng)馬哈茂德·阿巴斯從紐約聯(lián)合國總部回拉姆安拉時(shí)得到英雄般的歡迎，他為巴勒斯坦?fàn)幦〉皆诼?lián)合國更高的地位。Yolande Knell在拉姆安拉報(bào)道。

Cheers as the Palestinian president took to the stage. He hailed the upgrade in status to observer state at the UN as a decisive landmark in the history of the Palestinian national struggle. The world is on our side, he said, but there will references too to the challenges ahead. In response to the UN vote, Israel has already said it will freeze the transfer of tax revenues it had collected on behalf of Mr. Abbas' Palestinian authority and announced the construction of 3,000 new settler homes in the occupied West Bank and East Jerusalem.

巴勒斯坦榮升 升為聯(lián)合國觀察國，總統(tǒng)走上講臺(tái)時(shí)全場歡呼，他稱這一時(shí)刻為巴勒斯坦國民斗爭史上決定性的里程碑。他說，全世界都站在我們一邊，但我們也面臨著挑戰(zhàn)。以色 列對此回應(yīng)稱，將凍結(jié)代表阿巴斯的巴勒斯坦政府征收的稅收，并宣布在占領(lǐng)的西岸和東耶路撒冷建設(shè)3000處新定居者房屋。

The organization representing Egyptian judges has announced that its members will not supervise a referendum on a draft constitution in two weeks time. The statement by the judge's club comes after a confrontation between Egypt's highest court and Islamist supporters of President Mohamed Mursi. The Constitutional Court announced it was suspending its work indefinitely after its members were prevented earlier today from ruling on the legitimacy of the Islamist-dominated body which drew up the new constitution. The opposition says the document undermines basic freedoms.

埃及法官所屬組織宣稱，其成員將不對兩周后憲法草案公投進(jìn)行監(jiān)督。法官俱樂部如是宣告，是因?yàn)榘＜白罡叻ㄔ汉涂偨y(tǒng)穆罕默 德·穆爾西的伊斯蘭支持者開始對峙。今天早些時(shí)候，其成員被禁裁定制定新憲法的由伊斯蘭占主導(dǎo)地位的機(jī)構(gòu)的合法性，因此立憲法庭宣稱暫時(shí)罷工。反對派稱新 憲法強(qiáng)調(diào)了基本自由。

The emergency services in Japan say that a lorry driver who managed to telephone for help from inside a collapsed motorway tunnel has been found dead. Rescue workers also found the charred remains of several bodies inside another vehicle which caught fire when huge sections of the tunnel ceiling collapsed. Rupert Wingfield-Hayes reports from Tokyo.

日本急救站稱一名設(shè)法從倒塌的高速路隧道下打電話求助的貨車司機(jī)已經(jīng)死亡。隧道頂部倒塌時(shí)另外一輛汽車失火了，援救工人還在這輛車內(nèi)發(fā)現(xiàn)燒焦的數(shù)具尸體。魯珀特·溫菲爾德海斯在東京報(bào)道。

Terrified drivers described watching in disbelief as the roof imploded around them. Close circuit television pictures from inside the tunnel showed huge slabs of concrete, each weighing more than a ton, lying on the roadway. Cars crushed beneath them. For a time there was hope that the lorry driver was alive under the rubble. But by nightfall, rescuers had only found five dead bodies, including that of the lorry driver. People here are now wondering how much more of Japan's aging infrastructure is a lot less safe than they had imagined.

驚恐的司機(jī)稱隧道倒塌時(shí)，他們難以置信地看著這一場景。隧 道內(nèi)的閉路電視畫面顯示重達(dá)一噸的水泥塊躺在路邊，汽車被壓在下面。救援人員最初還認(rèn)為貨車司機(jī)還在廢墟中活著，但到了晚上，工人們只找到5具尸體，其中 包括貨車司機(jī)。人們現(xiàn)在開始懷疑日本還有多少老化的設(shè)施已經(jīng)不安全了。

Suspected Islamist fighters have killed ten Christians in the northeast of Nigeria. Witnesses say the attackers used guns and machetes in an overnight rampage in the village of Chibok. There have been several other attacks in the same region over the weekend with two police officers killed. Islamist fighters, belonging to the Boko Haram sect, have killed hundreds of people since launching an uprising against the government three years ago. They often target security forces, government officials or Christians who they view as infidels.

伊斯蘭武裝嫌犯在尼日利亞北部殺死了10名基督徒，目擊者稱襲擊者夜間手持槍支和大刀突襲了 Chibok村，周末該地區(qū)還發(fā)生了另外數(shù)起襲擊案，兩名警察身亡。博科圣地伊斯蘭組織的武裝分子3年前向政府發(fā)動(dòng)起義，到目前為止已殺死數(shù)百人。他們通 常襲擊安全部隊(duì)、政府官員或被他們視為異教徒的基督徒。

World News from the BBC.

With time running out for a budget deal in the United States before a year-end deadline. Officials of the two main parties have blamed each other for the stalemate. The Republicans have rejected the latest Democratic proposals for raising taxes for the rich. But the Treasury Secretary Tim Geithner ruled out any deal without higher taxes for the wealthy. He was speaking on CBS's Face the Nation.

現(xiàn)在離美國年終預(yù)算協(xié)議的期限不遠(yuǎn)了，兩大黨的官員相互指責(zé)，稱對方造成了僵局。共和黨拒絕接受民主黨最近提出的向富人增稅的提議，但財(cái)政部長蓋特納不接受任何不向富人加稅的協(xié)議。他在CBS節(jié)目“面對全國”中說：

I think we have a very good chance for coming together on an agreement that not just protects 98% of Americans from a tax increase and protects the economy from deeply damaging upfront spending cuts and protects the economy from leaving us vulnerable to periodic threats of defaults by politicians. I think we can do better than that and do something good for the long-term future of the American economy.

我覺得我們很有希望達(dá)成這樣一個(gè)協(xié)議，不僅使98%的美國人免于增稅，同時(shí)使經(jīng)濟(jì)免于受到開支削減的損害，還使我們免受遭受政客們周期性的違約威脅。我想我們可以做得更好，為美國經(jīng)濟(jì)的長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展做出貢獻(xiàn)。

Failure to reach a deal will automatically trigger tax rises and spending cuts.

而不能達(dá)成共識(shí)，則會(huì)自動(dòng)導(dǎo)致增稅和削減開支。

Heavy snow has caused a 50-kilometer-long traffic jam on a highway that links Russia's largest cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg. Thousands of vehicles are stuck. Some of them have been in the queue for more than two days after extreme snow brought traffic to a halt on Friday.

俄羅斯天降大雪，導(dǎo)致連接最大城市莫斯科和圣彼得堡之間的高速公路上發(fā)生長達(dá)50公里的堵塞。數(shù)千輛汽車被困路上，有的車還排著長隊(duì)等了兩天以上。周五，暴雪使交通陷于中斷。

A 200-year-old letter in which the French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte gave the order to blow up Kremlin citadel in Moscow has been sold at auction for almost 200,000 dollars. Hugh Schofield has this report from Paris.

法國皇帝拿破侖·波拿巴曾在書信中命令炸毀莫斯科克里姆林宮，如今，這份200多年前的書信以近20萬美元的價(jià)格拍賣。休·斯科菲爾德在巴黎報(bào)道。

This letter is of a particular interest, partly because it's in code, a not very complex number for letter substitution, but also because it was written at the turning point of Napoleon's career. As he invaded Russia in 1812, he's captured Moscow, but with the Russian army being withdrawn and winter approaching. He knows he has to turn back. So the letter, to his foreign minister at Vilnius in modern-day Lituania, described how he was given the order of the Kremlin to be destroyed. In the event, only part of the walls were demolished. The emperor himself began the long and disastrous journey back to France, for two years later, he would be defeated and forced to abdicate.

這份書信是用密碼寫的，用的字母替換法也不難理解， 而且書寫這封信時(shí)，拿破侖正處在事業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，因此這封信很有趣。拿破侖1812年進(jìn)攻俄羅斯并占領(lǐng)莫斯科，當(dāng)時(shí)俄羅斯軍隊(duì)正在撤離，冬天即將來臨。拿破 侖知道自己必須返回了，因此他致信在維爾紐斯(在今天的立陶宛)的外長，描述自己下令毀掉克里姆林宮。在這次事件中，只有部分圍墻被毀?；实坶_始了返國的 漫長艱難歷程，兩年后，拿破侖敗北，被迫退位。

And that's the BBC News.