https://online2.tingclass.net/lesson/shi0529/0009/9202/75.mp3
https://image.tingclass.net/statics/js/2012
用間篇 NO.3:
故用間有五:有因間,有內(nèi)間,有反間,有死間,有生間。
五間俱起,莫知其道,是謂神紀(jì),人君之寶也。
鄉(xiāng)間者,因其鄉(xiāng)人而用之;
內(nèi)間者,因其官人而用之;
反間者,因其敵間而用之;
死間者,為誑事于外,令吾聞知之而傳于敵間也;
生間者,反報(bào)也。
這句啥意思:
間諜的運(yùn)用有五種,即鄉(xiāng)間、內(nèi)間、反間、死間、生間。
五種間諜同時(shí)用起來(lái),使敵人無(wú)從捉摸我用間的規(guī)律,這是使用間諜神妙莫測(cè)的方法,也正是國(guó)君克敵制勝的法寶。
所謂鄉(xiāng)間,是指利用敵人的同鄉(xiāng)做間諜;
所謂內(nèi)間,就是利用敵方官吏做間諜;
所謂反間,就是使敵方間諜為我所用;
所謂死間,是指制造散布假情報(bào),通過(guò)我方間諜將假情報(bào)傳給敵間,誘使敵人上當(dāng),一旦真情敗露,我間難免一死;
所謂生間,就是偵察后能活著回來(lái)報(bào)告敵情的人。
英文這么說(shuō):
Hence the use of spies, of whom there are five classes:(1) Local spies; (2) inward spies; (3)converted spies;(4) doomed spies; (5) surviving spies.
When these five kinds of spy are all at work,none can discover the secret system. This is called"divine manipulation of the threads."
It is the sovereign's most precious faculty.
Having local spies means employing the services of the inhabitants of a district.
Having inward spies, making use of officials of the enemy.
Having converted spies, getting hold of the enemy's spies and using them for our ownpurposes.
Having doomed spies, doing certain things openly for purposes of deception, and allowingour spies to knowof them and report them to the enemy.
Surviving spies, finally, are those who bring back news from the enemy's camp.
應(yīng)用案例:
周瑜巧施離間計(jì)
東漢末年,孫權(quán)、劉備結(jié)成聯(lián)盟,共抗曹操,由于曹軍不習(xí)水戰(zhàn),所以在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)初期,孫劉聯(lián)軍占據(jù)上風(fēng)。曹操因此命令精通水戰(zhàn)的荊州降將蔡瑁、張?jiān)视?xùn)練水軍,大大提高了曹軍的水戰(zhàn)能力。蔡張二人也自然而然地成了東吳的心腹大患。東吳大將周瑜決定除掉蔡、張二人。
恰逢曹操派周瑜故友,蔣干前來(lái)刺探軍情,足智多謀的周瑜不由計(jì)上心來(lái)。他一面與蔣干共飲,喝的酩酊大醉,一面將已偽造好的蔡張二人的叛曹操吳的書(shū)信放至顯眼位置,果然不出周瑜所料,前來(lái)刺探軍情的蔣干趁周瑜大醉沉睡之際,伺機(jī)偷出了書(shū)信返回了東吳。
周瑜的離間計(jì)大獲成功,惱羞成怒的曹操信以為真,一恕之下,斬殺了蔡瑁、張?jiān)省貧⒘瞬惕?、張?jiān)剩苘娡苿?dòng)了兩員精于水戰(zhàn)的得力大將。曹軍的戰(zhàn)斗力大大減弱,為其日后兵敗赤壁埋下了禍根。