https://online2.tingclass.net/lesson/shi0529/0009/9202/76.mp3
https://image.tingclass.net/statics/js/2012
用間篇 NO.4:
故三軍之事,莫親于間,賞莫厚于間,事莫密于間,非圣賢不能用間,非仁義不能使間,非微妙不能得間之實(shí)。
微哉微哉!無所不用間也。間事未發(fā)而先聞?wù)?,間與所告者兼死。
凡軍之所欲擊,城之所欲攻,人之所欲殺,必先知其守將、左右、謁者、門者、舍人之姓名,令吾間必索知之。
這句啥意思:
所以在軍隊(duì)中,沒有比間諜更親近的人,沒有比間諜更為優(yōu)厚獎(jiǎng)賞的,沒有比間諜更為秘密的事情了。
不是睿智超群的人不能使用間諜,不是仁慈慷慨的人不能指使間諜,不是謀慮精細(xì)的人不能得到間諜提供的真實(shí)情報(bào)。
微妙啊,微妙!無時(shí)無處不可以使用間諜。
間諜的工作還未開展,而已泄露出去的,那么間諜和了解內(nèi)情的人都要處死。
凡是要攻打的敵方軍隊(duì),要攻占的敵方城市,要刺殺的敵方人員,都須預(yù)先了解其主管將領(lǐng)、左右親信、負(fù)責(zé)傳達(dá)的官員、守門官吏和門客幕僚的姓名,指令我方間諜一定要將這些情況偵察清楚。
英文這么說:
Hence it is that which none in the whole army are more intimate relations to be maintained thanwith spies.None should be more liberally rewarded.
In no other business should greater secrecy be preserved.
Spies cannot be usefully employed without a certain intuitive sagacity.
They cannot be properly managed without benevolence and straightforwardness.
Without subtle ingenuity of mind, one cannot make certain of the truth of their reports.
Be subtle! be subtle! and use your spies for every kind of business.
If a secret piece of news is divulged by a spy before the time is ripe, he must be put to deathtogether with the man to whom the secret was told.
Whether the object be to crush an army, to storm a city, or to assassinate an individual, it isalways necessary to begin by finding out the names of the attendants,the aides-de-camp, anddoor-keepers and sentries of the general in command.
Our spies must be commissioned to ascertain these.
應(yīng)用案例:
陳平巧計(jì)救劉邦
從公元前206年到公元前202年,劉邦與項(xiàng)羽為了爭(zhēng)奪皇權(quán)展開了長(zhǎng)達(dá)4年的楚漢之爭(zhēng)。公元前204年,劉邦被項(xiàng)羽包圍在滎陽(yáng)城中已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)達(dá)一年,項(xiàng)羽還斷絕漢軍的外援和糧食通道。劉邦的謀士陳平巧用離間計(jì),救出了劉邦。項(xiàng)羽是一代名將,然而他卻為人猜忌,易聽信讒言。陳平利用這一點(diǎn),先用重金收買了楚軍將士,讓他們散布鐘離昧,龍且周殷等將士欲叛楚歸漢的謠言。果然不出陳平所料,為人猜忌信讒的項(xiàng)羽果然對(duì)大將鐘離昧不再信任如昔,不再與他們商討軍機(jī)要事,甚至對(duì)于他最為信任的亞父范增也抱懷疑態(tài)度。一心為國(guó),忠心耿耿的范增不知項(xiàng)羽早已不信任他了,屢次進(jìn)諫勸項(xiàng)羽速取滎陽(yáng),屢遭到冷遇。范增一氣之下,辭官歸鄉(xiāng),途中不幸染病身亡,一代忠臣含恨而死。
陳平巧用離間計(jì),挑撥項(xiàng)羽君臣的關(guān)系,成功地營(yíng)救出劉邦,為日后“劉邦”贏得楚漢之爭(zhēng)的勝利奠定了基礎(chǔ)。