國際關(guān)系英語詞匯大全Unit 49

　　英語單詞講解 unit 49

　　1.Dante Alighieri

　　Durante degli Alighieri (simply called Dante, c.1265–1321), was a major Italian poet of the Middle Ages. His Divine Comedy, originally called Comedìa(modern Italian: Commedia) and later called Divina by Boccaccio, is widely considered the greatest literary work composed in the Italian language and a masterpiece of world literature.

　　1.但丁·阿利吉耶里

　　但丁·阿利吉耶里(1265年-1321年9月14日)，意大利中世紀(jì)詩人，現(xiàn)代意大利語的奠基者，歐洲文藝復(fù)興時代的開拓人物，以史詩《神曲》留名后世。在意大利，他被稱為 il Sommo Poeta(至高詩人)和il Poeta，意大利語之父。但丁是歐洲最偉大的詩人，也是全世界最偉大的作家之一。恩格斯評價說：“封建的中世紀(jì)的終結(jié)和現(xiàn)代資本主義紀(jì)元的開端，是以一位大人物為標(biāo)志的，這位人物就是意大利人但丁，他是中世紀(jì)的最后一位詩人，同時又是新時代的最初一位詩人”。但丁、彼特拉克、薄伽丘是文藝復(fù)興的先驅(qū)，被稱為“文藝復(fù)興三巨星”，也稱為“文壇三杰”。

　　2.L. F. L. Oppenheim

　　Lassa Francis Lawrence Oppenheim (March 30, 1858 – October 7, 1919) was a renowned German jurist. He is regarded by many as the father of the modern discipline of international law, especially the hard legal positivist school of thought. He inspired Joseph Raz and Prosper Weil.Oppenheim was born in Windecken near the Free City of Frankfurt, German Confederation, son of a Jewish horse trader. In 1881 he obtained his PhD of Law . In 1883 he went to the University of Leipzig, where he became a disciple of the renowned Professor of Criminal Law Karl Binding.In 1885 he completed his Habilitation at the University of Freiburg and taught criminal law there until he moved to the University of Basel in 1892. In Basel Oppenheim still worked on criminal law. It was not until he moved to the United Kingdom that he turned from criminal law to international law.

　　2.拉薩·奧本海

　　拉薩·奧本海(1858年3月30日-1919年10月7日)，德國法學(xué)家，被譽(yù)為“現(xiàn)代國際法之父”。奧本海生于德國法蘭克福附近的溫德肯，求學(xué)于柏林洪堡大學(xué)、哥廷根大學(xué)、海德堡大學(xué)和萊比錫大學(xué)，并于1881年獲得哥廷根大學(xué)法學(xué)博士。后于弗萊堡大學(xué)完成教授資格論文。1895年赴倫敦任教直至逝世。 其初任教于巴塞爾大學(xué)，后赴倫敦政經(jīng)學(xué)院并于1908年成為劍橋大學(xué)國際法教授。其代表作為International Law: A Treatise，于1905-1906出版。該書迄今被認(rèn)為是國際法的經(jīng)典教科書。

　　3.Joseph Schumpeter

　　Joseph Alois Schumpeter (8 February 1883 – 8 January 1950) was a Czech-born Austrian-American economist and political scientist. He briefly served as Finance Minister of Austria in 1919. In 1932 he became a professor at Harvard University where he remained until the end of his career. One of the most influential economists of the 20th century, Schumpeter popularized the term "creative destruction" in economics.

　　3.約瑟夫·熊彼特

　　約瑟夫·阿洛伊斯·熊彼特(或譯為熊彼德，1883年2月8日-1950年1月8日)是一位有深遠(yuǎn)影響的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家。其著作有：《方法論的個人主義》, 1908;《經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展理論》1911年發(fā)表德文版，1912年英文版;《經(jīng)濟(jì)理論與方法:歷史札記》, 1914年版;《經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展理論》第二版，1926年。有做大幅修改，加上副標(biāo)“企業(yè)者的利潤、資本、信貸、利息及景氣循環(huán)”?！毒皻庋h(huán)論》1939年出版;《資本主義、社會主義與民主》1942年出版;《經(jīng)濟(jì)分析史》1954年[紐約]出版。熊彼德死后由遺孀包蒂(Elizabeth Boody)整理發(fā)表。