國(guó)際關(guān)系英語(yǔ)詞匯大全Unit 74

　　Genghis Khan (1162 – 18 August 1227), born Temüjin, was the founder and Great Khan (emperor) of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his demise.

　　1.成吉思汗

　　成吉思汗(1162年-1227年8月25日)即元太祖，又稱成吉思皇帝，成吉思可汗，蒙古人，大蒙古國(guó)(蒙古帝國(guó))奠基者、政治家、軍事統(tǒng)帥，大蒙古國(guó)皇帝(蒙古帝國(guó)大汗)。名鐵木真，孛兒只斤氏，蒙古乞顏(起延)部人。1206年春天—1227年8月25日在位。1206年他登基時(shí)，諸王和群臣為他上蒙語(yǔ)尊號(hào)成吉思汗。1999年12月的美國(guó)時(shí)代周刊評(píng)選出世界千年偉大人物，成吉思汗被列為千年人物中亞洲人的次位(即第22位，第十七位為甘地)。

　　2.Muhammad

　　Muhammad (c.570 – 8 June 632),from Mecca, unified Arabia into a single religious polity under Islam. Believed by Muslims and Bahá'ís to be a messenger and prophet of God, Muhammad is almost universally considered by Muslims as the last prophet sent by God to mankind. While non-Muslims generally regard Muhammad as the founder of Islam, Muslims consider him to have restored the unaltered original monotheistic faith of Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets in Islam. Muslims discuss Muhammad and other prophets of God with reverence, adding the phrase "peace be upon them" whenever their names are mentioned.

　　2.穆罕默德

　　穆罕默德(約570年-632年6月8日)，是伊斯蘭教的創(chuàng)始人，同時(shí)也是一位政治家、軍事家和社會(huì)改革者。他成功地使阿拉伯半島的各部落在伊斯蘭一神教下統(tǒng)一。除了阿赫邁底亞的穆斯林以外，穆斯林[來(lái)源請(qǐng)求]和巴哈伊信仰者認(rèn)為他是“真主”派遣到人類的最后使者、先知和天啟宗教復(fù)興者。中國(guó)的穆斯林普遍尊稱之為穆圣。

　　3.Peter the Great

　　Peter the Great, Peter I (9 June [O.S. 30 May] 1672 – 8 February [O.S. 28 January] 1725) ruled the Tsardom of Russia and later the Russian Empire from 7 May [O.S. 27 April] 1682 until his death, jointly ruling before 1696 with his half-brother. Through a number of successful wars he expanded the Tsardom into a much larger empire that became a major European power. He led a cultural revolution that replaced some of the traditionalist and medieval social and political systems with ones that were modern, scientific, westernized, and based on The Enlightenment. Peter's reforms made a lasting impact on Russia and many institutions of Russian government traced their origins to his reign.

　　3.彼得大帝

　　彼得一世·阿列克謝耶維奇·羅曼諾夫(1672年5月30日-1725年2月8日)為俄羅斯帝國(guó)羅曼諾夫王朝的沙皇(1682年—1725年)，及俄國(guó)皇帝(1721年—1725年)。在位期間力行改革，使俄羅斯現(xiàn)代化，定都圣彼得堡，人稱彼得大帝。