使用過的化妝品，被發(fā)現(xiàn)含有傳染性細菌污染物

使用過的化妝品，被發(fā)現(xiàn)含有傳染性細菌污染物

When was the last time you checked the use-by date of your makeup? Or washed your brushes and sponges? If the answer is "never" or even "a while ago", you could be smearing infectious bacteria on your skin every time you apply your warpaint.

你上次檢查化妝品的使用日期是什么時候?或者洗你的刷子和海綿是什么時候?如果答案是“永遠”甚至“不久以前”，那么每次你涂上防皺劑時，都可能會在皮膚上涂抹感染性細菌。

A new study of makeup in the UK found that up to 90 percent of used products could be crawling with potentially deadly microbes such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Citrobacter freundii.

英國一項最新的化妝品研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，高達90%的使用過的化妝品可能爬滿了致命的微生物，如金黃色葡萄球菌、大腸桿菌和弗勞迪檸檬酸桿菌。

Biomedical scientists Amreen Bashir and Peter Lambert of Aston University in the UK examined four kinds of makeup, lipstick, lip gloss, eyeliner and mascara, and found alarmingly high levels of bacterial contamination. The higher the water content, the higher the likelihood of contamination.

英國阿斯頓大學的生物醫(yī)學科學家Amreen Bashir和Peter Lambert檢測了四種化妝品，唇膏、唇彩、眼線膏和睫毛膏，發(fā)現(xiàn)了高水平的細菌污染。含水量越高，污染的可能性就越大。

Of particular note were 'blender' sponges, a type of egg-shaped makeup applicator that has become popular in recent years for applying foundation and contouring. These were the worst offenders, with the highest rate of fungal contamination.

特別值得注意的是化妝海綿，這是一種蛋形化妝器，近年來已廣泛應用于基礎和輪廓。他們是最嚴重的罪犯，真菌污染率最高。

In total, the team examined 467 products - 96 lipsticks, 92 eyeliners, 93 mascaras, 107 lip glosses and 79 blender sponges.

總的來說，研究小組檢測了467種產(chǎn)品——96種唇膏、92種眼線膏、93種睫毛膏、107種唇彩和79種化妝海綿。

"Cosmetic regulations clearly state that products should not contain pathogenic organisms," the researchers wrote in their paper. Yet, "70 to 90 percent of all used products were contaminated with bacteria."

研究人員在論文中寫道：“化妝品法規(guī)明確規(guī)定，產(chǎn)品不應含有致病微生物。”。然而，“70%到90%的舊產(chǎn)品被細菌污染。”

To try to find out why, the team also conducted a questionnaire to study the makeup habits of the users of these products. And, unsurprisingly, they found that the problem is likely a user error.

為了找出原因，研究小組還對這些產(chǎn)品的使用者的化妝習慣進行了問卷調(diào)查。不出所料，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)問題很可能是用戶使用錯誤。

Makeup doesn't go 'off' like food. But the use-by dates aren't just there for funsies; the date on the packaging indicates the length of time preservatives in the product are expected to keep bacterial contamination at bay. How this information is conveyed varies regionally; the US, for example, has no regulations requiring expiry information on makeup packaging.

化妝品不像食物那樣容易變質(zhì)。但是保質(zhì)期不僅僅是為了好玩;包裝上的日期表明產(chǎn)品中防腐劑的使用時間，以防止細菌污染。信息的傳達方式因地區(qū)而異;例如，美國沒有規(guī)定要求化妝品包裝上的有效期信息。

A 2013 study found that most users will keep using makeup after the expiry date, anyway. Of an admittedly small sample of 44 students in Brazil, 97.9 percent admitted that they had continued to use their makeup after it had expired.

2013年的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，不管怎樣，大多數(shù)用戶會在有效期過后繼續(xù)使用化妝品。在巴西44名學生中，97.9%的人承認他們在化妝品過期后繼續(xù)使用化妝品。

That's not great, but the blender sponges? That's where it gets truly gross.

那不太好，但是化妝海綿呢?這才是真正惡心的地方。

In the questionnaire, 93 percent of respondents admitted they had never washed their blender, and 64.4 percent said they had dropped it on the floor and continued to use it afterwards.

在調(diào)查問卷中，93%的受訪者承認他們從未洗過化妝海綿，64.4%的人說他們把化妝海綿掉在地上，然后繼續(xù)使用。

Even if they are washed, there's still a significant risk, the researchers said.

研究人員說，即使洗過了，仍然有很大的風險。

"[Foundation] blenders have only been recently introduced as an application product and limited information is available on how best to use or clean them. Our results have shown that these products carried the highest bacterial load during use and more than a quarter were contaminated with Enterobacteriaceae," they wrote in their paper.

“[粉底]化妝海綿最近才作為一種應用產(chǎn)品推出，關于如何最好地使用或清潔化妝海綿的信息有限。他們在論文中寫道：“我們的研究結(jié)果表明，這些產(chǎn)品在使用過程中攜帶的細菌量最高，超過四分之一的產(chǎn)品受到腸桿菌科的污染。”。

"Blenders can be cleaned with warm, soapy water, therefore encouraging microbial proliferation if not dried."

化妝海綿可以用溫水、肥皂水清洗，因此如果不烘干，就會促進微生物的繁殖。”

The research, they said, shows that cosmetics companies and regulatory bodies could and should be doing more to caution customers about appropriate makeup safety. In particular, the researchers were concerned about bacteria such as E. coli, which is usually linked to faecal contamination.

他們說，這項研究表明，化妝品公司和監(jiān)管機構可以也應該做更多的工作，提醒消費者注意適當?shù)幕瘖y品安全。特別是，研究人員關注的是大腸桿菌等通常與糞便污染有關的細菌。

And, while we're on the subject: Never, ever buy counterfeit cosmetics.

而且，當我們討論這個話題時：永遠，永遠不要買假冒的化妝品。