我要寫什么來著...

Have you ever been shopping and returned home to find that you have forgotten to buy the very item you went shopping for? Have you known it was going to rain yet left your umbrella at home? Have you gone out and left the television on?

你有過這種經(jīng)歷嗎?當(dāng)你去超市買東西，回到家發(fā)現(xiàn)有的東西忘了買;出門前看著烏云密布，下起雨來卻發(fā)覺自己沒有帶傘;在外面和朋友浪的飛起，完全忘記了家里的電視還開著。

All these instances are examples where prospective memory has failed - you have not remembered to take the action you had planned. While these examples are comparatively trivial, poor prospective memory can have serious consequences - forgetting to take medication, or leaving the stove on, for example.

這些都是前瞻性記憶丟失的例子，你忘了做你本想做的事情。雖然這些例子看起來沒有什么所謂，不過前瞻性記憶不良也是會(huì)導(dǎo)致非常嚴(yán)重的后果——例如，忘記按時(shí)吃藥，或者忘記關(guān)煤氣。

A failing prospective memory can be an early sign of Alzheimer's disease, according to University of Chichester psychologists, and new therapeutic methods are being used to utilise levels of prospective memory as a means to accurately diagnose diseases of cognitive impairment. Such methods can be effective non-invasive alternatives to traditional clinical methods such as the extraction of cerebral spinal fluid.

前瞻性記憶不良也是阿茲海默癥的前兆，現(xiàn)在有的診斷方法已經(jīng)將前瞻性記憶水平作為確診認(rèn)知障礙疾病的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。這種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可以替代之前提取腦脊液的方法進(jìn)行診斷，安全且不會(huì)對(duì)病人造成傷害。

All age groups reported improvement in prospective memory, but it was particularly marked in those older subjects with mild cognitive impairment, that is, potentially in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests that encouraging people in this category to adopt enactment as a means to enhance prospective memory could result in them leading independent, autonomous lives for longer

無論什么年齡段的受試者前瞻記憶都有所改善，尤其是在那些患有輕度認(rèn)知功能障礙的老年人身上。研究人員認(rèn)為，采用這種方法可能能減緩阿茲海默癥的癥狀。研究表明，鼓勵(lì)這一類人采用制定作為增強(qiáng)前瞻性記憶的手段可能會(huì)幫助他們獨(dú)立、自主地生活更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。

Leading the study was Dr Antonina Pereira from the University of Chichester. She said: "Poor prospective memory can range from the vaguely annoying to life threatening, depending on the circumstances."

研究的作者Antonina Pereira博士說：“前瞻記憶缺失所帶來的影響，小到讓人煩惱，大到威脅生命。

She added: "We did indeed find that prospective memory erodes as we get older, and our early findings in this little researched area would suggest that enactment techniques are effective in improving prospective memory. We were heartened to see that there was improvement in our group with mild cognitive impairment. "

她補(bǔ)充道：“隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，前瞻性記憶的衰退是不可避免的事情，我們?cè)谘芯恐锌吹接蟹椒梢愿纳戚p度認(rèn)知障礙，這讓我們備受鼓舞。”

"The next time you would like to remember to pick up a pint of milk from the store on your way home, do not wait until you have got home to realise you have forgotten to do it. Instead, recreate the action you would like to remember, pretending that you are actually doing it, in as much vivid detail as possible. This might feel awkward to begin with, but it has been identified as an optimal technique to enhance prospective memory. It can have very long lasting effects and work even for people with cognitive impairment. Acting is the key."

“下次當(dāng)你想要在回家的路上從店里買一品脫牛奶時(shí)，不要等回到家才意識(shí)到你忘記了。相反，不斷重復(fù)練習(xí)你想記住的動(dòng)作，假裝你真的在做，盡可能生動(dòng)的細(xì)節(jié)。這可能開始感到尷尬，但它是提高前瞻記憶的最佳技術(shù)。它所產(chǎn)生的效果是持久的并且能幫助到那些有認(rèn)知障礙的人。動(dòng)起來是關(guān)鍵。