September 7: Rificolona
Florence and Siena1), now a pair of well-preserved Renaissance2) heirlooms3), used not to be so genteel. Throughout the Middle Ages, the neighboring city-states were forever at each other’s throats. One of the high points of the ongoing4) skirmish5) came in 1230, when the Florentines crouched outside Siena’s walls, catapulting quantities of human excrement and putrid6) donkey corpses over the top, in hopes of starting a plague. In 1260 the Florentine troops launched another fierce attack;in response, the Sienans tore into their enemies with a brutal fury.
Three hundred years later, Florence’s Cosimo de Medici once and for all annexed7) Siena. He became the first Grand Duke of Tuscany. To celebrate his victory, Florentines initiated the Rificolona festival. In times of yore, people came from all over the surrounding region, carrying picnic lunches of cheese, bread, fruit, and anise-and-fennel-spiked sweets. A t night, they carried colored paper lanterns down to the banks of the Arno River and set them afloat. Today’s celebrations also include picnics and lanterns------as well as floats, folk singing, and street dancing.
9月7日:紙燈籠節(jié)
佛羅倫薩與錫耶納作為文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的寶城雙雙被很好地保存了下來。然而在歷史上它們可并不那么文雅。在中世紀(jì), 這兩個(gè)比鄰的城邦始終爭(zhēng)斗不休。小沖突常年不斷, 其中最激烈的一次發(fā)生在1230年。那一次佛羅倫薩人蹲在錫耶納的城墻外面, 將大量的糞便和腐爛的驢尸投擲過去, 想以此引起一場(chǎng)瘟疫。1260年, 佛羅倫薩的軍隊(duì)又發(fā)動(dòng)了一場(chǎng)兇猛的攻勢(shì), 錫耶納人也瘋狂回?fù)?/span>, 重創(chuàng)敵人。
300年后, 佛羅倫薩美第奇家族的科西莫吞并了錫耶納, 爭(zhēng)斗從此結(jié)束。科西莫成為托斯卡納的第一個(gè)大公。為了慶祝這個(gè)勝利, 佛羅倫薩人興起了一個(gè)紙燈籠節(jié)。那時(shí), 人們帶著午餐從周圍各地聚來。午餐包括奶酪、面包、水果和添加了茴芹和茴香的糖果等。到晚上, 他們拿著彩色紙燈籠, 一直走到阿爾諾河的河岸, 讓紙燈籠在河面上漂流。如今的慶?;顒?dòng)仍然包括野餐和燈籠--同時(shí)還有彩車、民歌演唱、街頭舞蹈。
NOTE 注釋:
Siena [sI`enE, `sjenB:] 錫耶納[意大利中部城市]
Renaissance [rE5neisEns] n. 文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期
heirloom [5eElu:m] n. 傳家寶, 遺產(chǎn)
ongoing [5Cn^EuiN] adj. 正在進(jìn)行的
skirmish [5skE:miF] n. 小沖突
putrid [5pju:trid] adj. 腐爛的, <口>非常討厭的
annex [E5neks] vt. 并吞