VOA慢速英語(yǔ):研究表明電動(dòng)游戲可能對(duì)失讀癥患者有所幫助

From VOA Learning English, this is the Technology Report.

這里是美國(guó)之音慢速英語(yǔ)科技報(bào)道。

Dyslexia is a learning disorder, it interferes with the ability to recognise words, and for some readers to understand what they have read.

失讀癥(閱讀障礙)是一種學(xué)習(xí)障礙，它會(huì)干擾人們識(shí)別單詞的能力，對(duì)一些閱讀者來(lái)說(shuō)，還會(huì)干擾他們理解所讀內(nèi)容的能力。

Experts say dyslexia affects about five to ten percent of the population of the United State. Researchers have long known that people with dyslexia write or read words and letters backwards in the wrong order.

專(zhuān)家說(shuō)失讀癥影響了美國(guó)人口的5%到10%。研究人員早就發(fā)現(xiàn)失讀癥患者書(shū)寫(xiě)或閱讀單詞和字母的順序不對(duì)。

But a new study shows that people with dyslexia may have trouble redirecting their attention between senses, from seeing something to hearing something. The study suggests something that might help dyslexic people learn more quickly - play video games.

但一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，失讀癥患者可能在將注意力從看到聽(tīng)這種感官之間的轉(zhuǎn)移上存在困難。該研究表明玩視頻游戲可能有助于失讀癥患者學(xué)得更快。

Vanessa Harrar of Britain's University of Oxford led the study. She reported the findings in the journal Current Biology. The study suggests that dyslexic people may have trouble moving quickly from what they read to what they hear. Doctor Harrar calls this a "sluggish shifting of attention across the senses."

英國(guó)牛津大學(xué)的凡妮莎·哈拉(Vanessa Harrar)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了這項(xiàng)研究。她將研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》雜志上。該研究表明失讀癥患者可能在從讀到聽(tīng)的快速轉(zhuǎn)換上存在障礙。哈拉博士稱(chēng)之為“跨感官轉(zhuǎn)移注意力遲緩。”

"So, if you are trying to read something and then trying to listen to somebody who's reading aloud and you're trying to follow along with what they are reading -- they have to switch their attention from hearing what they are saying to looking at the piece of paper and back again. So we found they have quite sluggish shifting of attention across the senses," said Harrar.

哈拉表示，“如果你一邊看一邊聽(tīng)別人大聲念，你想聽(tīng)清楚別人念的內(nèi)容，就必須將注意力從聽(tīng)轉(zhuǎn)到看，然后周而復(fù)始。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們?cè)诟泄僦g切換注意力時(shí)非常遲緩。”

In the study, Doctor Harrar tested 17 people with dyslexia, and 19 others without reading problems. The volunteers were asked to push a button as quickly as possible when they heard a sound, saw a light or experienced both together. Doctor Harrar compared the speed of their reactions.

在這項(xiàng)研究中，哈拉博士測(cè)試了17名失讀癥患者以及19名不存在閱讀障礙的人。這些志愿者被要求在聽(tīng)到聲音或看到閃光，或兩者同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)按下按鈕。哈拉博士比較了他們的反應(yīng)速度。

She found that people with dyslexia were just as fast as the others when they saw only a picture or heard only a sound. But the dyslexics had a slower reaction time when they heard a sound and saw a picture at the same time.

她發(fā)現(xiàn)，在只看或只聽(tīng)時(shí)，失讀癥患者和其他人反應(yīng)一樣快。但當(dāng)同時(shí)看和聽(tīng)時(shí)，失讀癥患者反應(yīng)就慢了。

Doctor Harrar feels like playing action video games could help dyslexic people shift from seeing to hearing more quickly. She adds that images in video games force the eyes to move and focus quickly.

哈拉博士認(rèn)為，像玩動(dòng)作類(lèi)視頻游戲可以幫助失讀癥患者更快地從看轉(zhuǎn)到聽(tīng)。她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，視頻游戲畫(huà)面迫使眼球更快移動(dòng)和聚焦。

"Video game types of things pop out of here and there, they move your eyes around the screen quite quickly in response to things quite quickly, and the more you play a video game the faster you get that kind of thing. So, the video game is really training the attention system to move quickly," said Harrar.

哈拉說(shuō)，“視頻游戲類(lèi)型的畫(huà)面隨時(shí)蹦出來(lái)，它們使你的眼睛在屏幕上快速移動(dòng)以適應(yīng)非?？焖俚漠?huà)面。你游戲玩得更多,就能更快跟上這類(lèi)畫(huà)面。因此，視頻游戲能訓(xùn)練注意力系統(tǒng)更快移動(dòng)

。”

The study also shows that dyslexic people have the most difficulty going between what they saw and what they heard, this may have an effect on how dyslexic children are taught how to read.

該研究還表明，失讀癥患者從看轉(zhuǎn)移到聽(tīng)最為困難，這可能會(huì)對(duì)如何教失讀癥孩子閱讀產(chǎn)生影響。

When children learn the alphabet，they usually see the letter first and then hear the sound, or they see and hear the letter at the same time. The study shows that dyslexics might learn more quickly if they hear the sound of a letter or word first before seeing it.

當(dāng)孩子學(xué)習(xí)字母時(shí)，他們通常先看到字母再聽(tīng)到讀音，或者同時(shí)聽(tīng)到和看到這個(gè)字母。該研究表明，如果失讀癥患者在看到單詞或字母時(shí)先聽(tīng)到它，他們就能學(xué)得更快。