英語口譯教程(第二版)--高級(jí) 03

[00:01.00]英語高級(jí)口譯資格證書考 試 高級(jí)口譯教程第二版 第三盒; [00:51.98]Unit six Publicity and Presentation; [00:56.17]Passage 3 English-Chinese Interpretation; [01:00.98]Listen to the tape and interpret the following passage from English into Chinese:; [01:08.27]Ladies and Gentlemen, My topic today is Education in Australia.; [01:14.83]In Australia, each state and territory has its own primary; [01:19.63]and secondary education system.; [01:21.78]Standards, however,are high and reasonably uniform.; [01:26.75]Within each state and territory system there are two main types of school — government; [01:33.05]and non-government. In government schools, attended by about two thirds of children,; [01:39.73]tuition is free. About three-quarters of the non-government schools are Catholic.; [01:46.77]Most non-government schools charge fees.; [01:51.08]Although the states and territories are responsible for all education,; [01:56.12]the federal Government provides most funding for higher education.; [02:00.45]In 1989, it set up a system under which undergraduate; [02:06.41]and postgraduate students must make a financial contribution; [02:11.24]toward the cost of their study. Throughout Australia,; [02:16.05]schooling is compulsory between the age of six and fifteen years.; [02:21.33]However, most children begin school earlier than the law requires,; [02:26.67]usually in pre-schools run by the same organizations; [02:31.42]that administer the mainstream schools.; [02:34.97]Primary schooling lasts six to seven years; [02:39.51]and the curriculum is similar across the nation.; [02:43.00]Studies begin with basic language and mathematics,; [02:47.23]and the fundamentals of inquiry,and social, health and creative skills are taught.; [02:54.53]Before reaching secondary level, children are learning English, mathematics,; [03:01.24]elementary science, social studies, music, art, craft and physical education.; [03:09.08]Optional subjects such as religion, languages and music are common.; [03:16.30]Secondary schooling begins at year seven or eight; [03:20.84]and goes typically to year twelve.; [03:23.75]More advanced levels of the same subjects are taught,; [03:27.61]plus technical and commercial ones.; [03:30.44]The typical secondary school is the co-educational comprehensive; [03:35.39]or multi-purpose high school, offering a wide range of s ubjects.; [03:40.50]Some states have separate high schools; [03:43.31]and colleges specializing in technical, agricultural,; [03:47.69]commercial and other fields.; [03:50.02]Their curriculums include general academic subjects and practical training.; [03:56.25]Major examinations or other formal assessments occur after three; [04:02.34]of four years of high school and, at this point,; [04:05.99]most students are old enough to leave the system.; [04:09.35]Another two years' study is available, however,; [04:13.21]and many keep going to the end-year twelve.; [04:16.78]In most parts of Australia,certificates are issued at each of these levels,; [04:22.64]called commonly the School Certificate (at or about year ten); [04:27.70]and the higher School Certificate (year twelve).; [04:31.08]The Higher School Certificate is usually required for university; [04:35.79]of higher-education college entry.; [04:38.16]Post-secondary education in Australia occurs in universities; [04:43.05]and colleges of technical and further education called TAFEs.; [04:49.42]Most of Australia's approximately one million TAFE students attend; [04:55.45]state-administered colleges. The vast majority study part-time.; [05:00.61]All major skills in a wide range of industrial, commercial, artistic; [05:06.49]and domestic occupations are covered.; [05:09.15]Most universities also offer non-degree continuing-education programs.; [05:15.57]The entire system is matched by correspondence courses for students prevented; [05:20.97]by illness, disability or residential isolation from attending schools.; [05:26.61]There are also "school of the air",; [05:29.23]which use two way radio networks to provide "classroom" experience; [05:34.01]to students in isolated places.; [05:36.35]In some states, children living too far from a secondary school; [05:40.45]to travel daily may live in government funded or subsidized hostels.; [05:46.04]Special educational services are provided to integrate into classrooms children; [05:52.88]with disabilities attending special and mainstream schools.; [05:56.94]They are designed to accommodate the special needs of children; [06:01.03]with intellectual, physical, sensory, emotional, social or learning disabilities.; [06:08.74]There is a nationwide school program designed to increase students' sensitivity; [06:14.93]to the population's multicultural background; [06:17.95]and to help ethnic communities maintain their languages and cultures.; [06:23.31]Students from non-English speaking backgrounds are helped; [06:26.92]to develop their English to enhance their equality; [06:30.06]of opportunity in education and participation in society.; [06:35.34]Educational material developed under federal initiatives is available to schools; [06:41.04]to meet such language needs.; [06:43.10]I'd like to stop here and wish to take your questions.; [06:49.08]Unit seven Tour and Visit; [06:56.02]Text for Interpretation; [07:01.87]Passage 1 Chines-English Interpretation Text Interpreting; [07:12.60]Listen to the tape and interpret the following passage from Chinese into English:; [07:22.63]各位來賓： 歡迎參觀上海外國語 學(xué)校。在來賓們參觀我校 之前，; [07:33.05]請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我先簡(jiǎn)要地介紹 一下我校的概況。; [07:37.97]我校創(chuàng)辦于1963年，隸屬 上海外國語大學(xué)，是全國 最早創(chuàng)建的幾所外國語學(xué) 校之一。; [07:49.44]這所具有外語專業(yè)性教育 的全日制寄宿學(xué)校，; [07:54.74]是由國家教育部和上生活 費(fèi)市教育雙重領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一所 全科類重點(diǎn)中學(xué)。; [08:02.95]學(xué)校有支優(yōu)秀的教師隊(duì) 伍，現(xiàn)有35個(gè)班級(jí)， 1,300多名在校生。; [08:11.76]建校以來，我校以培養(yǎng)外 語水平較高，其他文化知 識(shí)較好的畢業(yè)生為目標(biāo)，; [08:20.95]堅(jiān)持“加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)、發(fā)展智 力、培養(yǎng)能力”的教學(xué)方 針，做到“辦學(xué)有特色,教 學(xué)有特點(diǎn),學(xué)生有特長(zhǎng)”，; [08:33.02]得到了教育部和教育界專 家的肯定，在國內(nèi)外享有 較高的聲譽(yù)。; [08:40.72]我校開設(shè)英、德、法、 日、俄等五個(gè)語種，各語 種都聘有外籍教師任教，; [08:50.58]多方面為學(xué)生學(xué)好外語創(chuàng) 造良好的條件。我校還開 設(shè)多種選修課、第二外語 課,幫助學(xué)生擴(kuò)大知識(shí)面,; [09:02.83]發(fā)展個(gè)性特長(zhǎng),陶冶情操, 保證學(xué)生在德、智、體、 美諸方面全面發(fā)展。; [09:11.81]我校十分重視國際友好交 往,與英國、美國、德 國、法國、日本、; [09:20.02]韓國等國家的一些學(xué)校建 立了校際交流關(guān)系，每年 進(jìn)行互訪。; [09:26.56]學(xué)校已先后派出近百名師 生出國學(xué)習(xí)、進(jìn)修和講 學(xué)。; [09:33.93]38年來，我校為國家培養(yǎng) 了約5,000名畢業(yè)生。; [09:40.12]他們活躍在各行各業(yè)， 為社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)事 業(yè)貢獻(xiàn)力量。; [09:47.55]現(xiàn)在，全校師生同心協(xié) 力，實(shí)施全面素質(zhì)教育， 改革教學(xué)內(nèi)容、課程設(shè)置 和教學(xué)方法，; [09:58.15]提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量和辦學(xué)效 益，為把學(xué)校成一所外 向型、多模式、; [10:05.42]高質(zhì)量的國內(nèi)外名牌外國 語學(xué)校而努力奮斗!; [10:12.76]Passage 2 English-Chinese Interpretation Text interpreting; [10:24.57]Listen to the tape and interpret the following passage from English into Chinese:; [10:34.02]Welcome to Vancouver. As Canada's third- largest metropolitan city after Toronto; [10:42.15]and Montreal,Vancouver is the principal commercial,industrial, shipping, financial,; [10:49.52]tourist, and cultural center for western Canada.; [10:54.28]Sometimes called Canada's gateway to the Pacific,; [10:59.01]Vancouver is linked by shipping services with Pacific ports of the United States,; [11:05.55]China,Japan,Australia, and New Zealand.; [11:10.36]Through the Panama Canal it is linked with Atlantic ports of Americas and Europe.; [11:18.11]Products of Western Canada's farms, ranches, forests, coal mines,; [11:24.80]and industries are sent by rail to Vancouver; [11:28.76]and then by water to the ports of the world.; [11:33.32]One of the world's largest natural ice-free harbors,; [11:38.13]it is where the manufactured goods from Asia arrive throughout the year.; [11:44.79]Vancouver's manufacturing includes lumber and paper milling,; [11:50.34]food processing, oil refining, metal fabricating,; [11:55.46]and the production of chemicals, machinery, electronic items, and printed matter.; [12:02.46]Vancouver is predominantly a service center.; [12:07.45]Since the 1960s, employment in finance, insurance,; [12:13.17]and real-estate- related activities has tripled,; [12:17.17]that in accommodation and food services has quadrupled,; [12:22.22]that in health and welfare services has quintupled,; [12:26.79]and that in services for business has increased eightfold. Employment in primary; [12:34.98]and secondary industries has declined relative to population.; [12:40.82]The majority of Vancouver's historic buildings are in the Gastown; [12:47.01]and Chinatown areas.; [12:49.75]Older sections of the city have undergone considerable change since 1960,; [12:56.31]when downtown high-rise office buildings and hotels were built.; [13:02.15]False Creek — a decaying industrial area with sawmills, rail yards,; [13:08.01]and small shops — was transformed into a residential development project.; [13:14.26]Gastown, the original heart of the city,; [13:18.16]was restored in the 1880s style with antique stores and boutiques.; [13:25.24]Vancouver is largely British in character with some Chinese influence.; [13:32.09]Almost three fourths of the population are of British ancestry.; [13:38.22]The Chinese, French, Japanese,; [13:41.36]and East Indians are the largest among other ethnic groups.; [13:46.95]Its Chinatown is the second largest Chinese community in North America,; [13:53.16]second only to San Francisco of the United States.; [13:59.43]The city has long been noted for its cultural activities.; [14:05.33]Major cultural institutions include the Macmillan Planetarium,; [14:10.99]Centennial and Maritime museums, the Vancouver Opera House,; [14:17.70]Queen Elizabeth Theatre, Vancouver Art Gallery, and Vancouver Aquarium.; [14:25.35]Robson Square has provincial government offices, a skating rink,; [14:31.05]multilevel shopping and food facilities,; [14:34.72]and a sports stadium with a seating capacity of 60,000.; [14:40.41]The Robson Square Conference Center and the Provincial Court House buildings; [14:45.82]are noted for their modern architectural style.; [14:49.64]Vancouver has numerous scenic and recreational attractions.; [14:55.15]Parks,beaches, and marinas dot the city's extensive shoreline.; [15:01.01]Queen Elizabeth Park is noted for its beautiful botanical gardens; [15:06.06]and conservatory of exotic plants.; [15:10.06]At this time of the golden autumn season, Vancouver,; [15:15.10]like many other places of Canada,is extremely beautiful.; [15:20.42]Backgrounded by the bright blue sky, the leaves on maple trees,; [15:26.35]with brilliant hues of red, give a flaming tribute to the city.; [15:31.67]Maple trees produce a peculiar sap each spring,; [15:36.39]which in turn produces a sweet and delicious syrup.; [15:40.79]We Canadians are very grateful to these magic trees,; [15:45.00]because they color the Canadian landscape in the autumn; [15:48.40]and sweeten the Canadian palate in the spring.; [15:52.01]In particular, the maple tree leaf is Canada's national symbol,; [15:57.40]and our national flag flies with it.; [16:00.47]Wherever we go, the maple tree leaf reminds us of our great country; [16:06.31]and of our beautiful hometown Vancouver.; [16:11.12]Extra Text for Practice; [16:16.01]Passage 1 Chinese-English Interpretation; [16:23.01]Listen to the tape and interpret the following passage from Chinese into English:; [16:33.45]上海博物館是一座大型中 國古代藝術(shù)博物館，創(chuàng)建 于1952年，; [16:43.62]并于1992年在市中心人民 廣場(chǎng)的新址上興建新館。; [16:50.55]1996年雄偉壯觀的上海博 物館新館全面對(duì)外開放， 計(jì)有11個(gè)專館和3個(gè)展覽 館，; [17:01.41]開放面積達(dá)10,000余平 方米。上海博物館有 館藏珍貴文物12萬件，; [17:11.89]包括青銅器、陶瓷器、 書法、繪畫、雕塑、家 具、玉牙器、竹木漆器、 甲骨、璽印、錢幣、; [17:25.01]少數(shù)民族工藝等21個(gè)門 類，其中青銅器、陶瓷器 和書畫為館藏三大特色。; [17:35.04]上海博物館新館建筑總面 積38,000平方米，由地下 兩層、地上5層構(gòu)成，建 筑高度29.5米.; [17:48.62]這座壯觀的新館將方體基 座和巨型圓頂及4個(gè)拱型 出挑結(jié)合起來,; [17:57.70]象征著傳統(tǒng)文化與時(shí)代精 神的完美融合.; [18:03.04]從高處俯瞰,上海博物館 的玻璃圓頂猶如一面碩大 的漢代銅鏡.; [18:10.90]從遠(yuǎn)處眺望,新館建筑猶 如一尊青銅古鼎,默默承 載著五千年歷史和文明的 重荷.; [18:21.39]上海博物館南面大門的兩 側(cè),聳立著八尊漢白玉雕 塑.這是從300多件漢、; [18:30.05]唐雕塑文物中遴選出8件 作品加以仿制放大，每 件高近3米，重約21噸， 極具莊嚴(yán)雄渾之氣。; [18:42.56]傳統(tǒng)文化與現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格的完 美結(jié)合，在室內(nèi)裝飾上也 得以充分體現(xiàn)。; [18:49.68]大堂扶手?jǐn)r板均由回首卷 尾的龍紋圖案組成，即便 是金光燦燦的扶梯包首，; [18:59.54]也胎息于商代青銅器中的 龍頭。沿著石階登堂進(jìn)入 博物館，您將領(lǐng)略到推開 歷史之門的沉重和喜悅。; [19:14.33]上海博物館擁有一批古文 物研究、鑒定和考古方面 的高級(jí)專家，推出了94種 學(xué)術(shù)出版物。; [19:25.46]上海博物館還有一座藏有 20多萬冊(cè)藝術(shù)類和歷史類 圖書的現(xiàn)代化圖書館、; [19:34.12]曾獲得多項(xiàng)國家科技成果 獎(jiǎng)的文物保護(hù)技術(shù)科學(xué)實(shí) 驗(yàn)室、書畫裝裱研究室、 青銅陶瓷修復(fù)研究室，; [19:45.53]以及配有同聲傳譯設(shè)施的 多功能國際學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議演 講廳。; [19:51.77]上海博物館考古部承擔(dān)了 全市考古發(fā)掘工作。; [19:57.23]考古工作者在全市范圍內(nèi) 發(fā)現(xiàn)了新石器時(shí)代至戰(zhàn)國 的古文化遺址27處，; [20:05.73]清理了新石器時(shí)代至明清 時(shí)代的古墓葬500余座， 證明上海有6000年的了 歷史。; [20:15.60]上海博物館重視對(duì)外文化 交流活動(dòng)，先后在亞洲、 歐洲、; [20:22.41]北美和澳洲的16個(gè)國家和 地區(qū)舉辦了39個(gè)古代藝術(shù) 文物展覽，; [20:29.28]引進(jìn)了18個(gè)來自不同國家 和地區(qū)的藝術(shù)展覽。這些 展覽對(duì)弘揚(yáng)中華民族 文化、了解世界各國文化; [20:40.36]起到了積極作用。上海博 物館積極開展國際學(xué)術(shù)交 流活動(dòng)，; [20:46.94]近10年來派出專家學(xué)者參 加國際學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議和專題交 流達(dá)100多人次，; [20:55.16]并多次在館內(nèi)主持舉辦了 國際學(xué)術(shù)交流活動(dòng)。; [21:01.86]上生活費(fèi)博物館擁有一個(gè) 現(xiàn)在代化的影視中心，配 有先進(jìn)的放映設(shè)備和高清 晰度的大屏幕，; [21:11.33]通過視屏向文物研究者播 放上海博物館珍藏的文物 精品。; [21:18.29]博物館還設(shè)有多媒體導(dǎo)覽 服務(wù)系統(tǒng)和數(shù)碼式語音導(dǎo) 覽系統(tǒng)，; [21:24.93]分別用英、日、法、漢、 等8種語言介紹博物館的 文物精品。; [21:31.78]在這個(gè)電子語音向?qū)У膸?助下，參觀者可以聽到所 選展品的講解詞，; [21:38.59]更好地領(lǐng)略現(xiàn)代科技所表 現(xiàn)的古代文化帶來的藝術(shù) 享受。; [21:47.24]Passage 2 English-Chinese Interpretation; [21:55.43]Listen to the tape and interpret the following passage from English into Chinese:; [22:04.73]Situated between the state of New Youk of the United States; [22:10.49]and the province of Ontario of Canada,and with an age of 25,000 years,; [22:17.34]Niagara Falls is one of the most spectacular natural wonders; [22:22.17]on the North American continent. The falls are on the Niagara River,; [22:27.08]which flows between the United States and Canada from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario.; [22:34.03]The falls are about 17 miles northwest of Buffalo, N. Y..; [22:40.72]The industrial city and tourist center of Niagara Falls, N. Y.; [22:46.00]is adjacent to the American side of the falls.; [22:50.13]Niagara Falls,Ontario, is across the river.; [22:55.62]The falls are divided into two parts by Goat Island.; [23:01.04]The larger portion, on the southwest side, is the Canadian falls,; [23:06.80]known as the Horseshoe Falls. It measures 790 meters along its curve and drops 49.4 meters.; [23:18.50]The smaller American falls is northeast of Goat Island.; [23:23.85]It is 305 meters across and drops about 51 meters.; [23:30.30]Just before flowing over the ledge,; [23:34.02]the American stream is only about one meter deep,; [23:37.63]while the Canadian stream is about six meters deep; [23:41.34]and carries some 95 percent of the Niagara River's water.; [23:47.06]Thus the Horseshoe is the larger and grander of the two falls.; [23:53.85]Every minute about 340,000 cubic meters, or close to 379,000 tons, of water; [24:03.20]pours in torrents over the cliffs of the falls of Niagara.; [24:08.23]As the water plunges from the brink of the falls,it fills the air with a silvery mist,; [24:15.43]which under the sunlight displays many brilliant rainbows.; [24:20.57]The plunging water also sends out a never-ending roar as it strikes the bottom.; [24:27.40]For this reason the Indians called the cataract Niagara,; [24:32.13]meaning "thunder of waters".; [24:35.30]The plunging water has worn away the lower rocks; [24:39.66]so that there are caves behind the sheets of water of both falls.; [24:44.24]Sightseers may enter the Cave of the Winds at the foot of the American falls; [24:49.95]and get an unusual view.; [24:52.82]The Canadian falls has carved a plunge basin 59 meters deep.; [24:59.44]Both the United States and Canadian governments have built parks,; [25:04.87]viewing platforms, paths, and highways.; [25:08.69]The Niagara Reservation State Park was established in 1885; [25:14.09]and is New York's oldest state park. It includes an observation tower,; [25:20.43]elevators that descend into the gorge at the base of the American falls,; [25:25.28]and boat trips into the waters at the base of the Horseshoe Falls.; [25:30.46]At night colored lights illuminate the falls; [25:33.90]and create a charming spectacle which viewers find hard to turn away from.; [25:40.11]The park area has long been a tourist site; [25:43.40]and a favorite spot for couples to spend their honeymoons.; [25:53.13]Unit eight Interview; [26:01.49]Text for Interpretation; [26:01.20]Passage 1 Chinese-English Alternating Interpretation; [26:08.36]Text Interpreting Listen to the tape; [26:13.07]and interpret the following passage alternatively into English and Chinese.; [26:21.03](今天我們可以毫不夸張 地說，計(jì)算機(jī)已無所不 在。先進(jìn)的高科技產(chǎn)品似 乎隨處可見，; [26:31.70]我們的辦公室、學(xué)校和住 所都有。但是相對(duì)來說， 計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展歷史比較 短。; [26:40.20]直到20世紀(jì)40年代晚期， 計(jì)算機(jī)才從專業(yè)的科學(xué)儀 器發(fā)展為商品。; [26:48.35]保羅.賽盧奇先生在他的 《現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)的歷史》一 書中探討了幾乎鮮為人 知的計(jì)算的展史。; [26:56.73]以下是對(duì)保羅.賽盧奇先 生的一次采訪.); [27:02.08]問:賽盧奇先生,現(xiàn)代計(jì)算 的歷史究竟從何時(shí) 開始的?; [27:09.13]A:Well,computing is something that people have been doing for centuries.; [27:14.48]But,I like to think that the beginnings of the modern era of computing; [27:19.61]really began around 1945 when the first computer was completed that used vacuum,; [27:26.53]or electronics,to do the calculations instead of gears and mechanical parts.; [27:34.57]問:那臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)的性能 如何呢?; [27:38.35]A:Well, it was quite unreliable. The tubes burned out.frequently.; [27:44.40]But, if you could keep it running for an hour or two you could do more work in that hour; [27:49.99]than you could with a mechanical device running all day.; [27:55.11]問:你在書中告訴讀者, 計(jì)算機(jī)其實(shí)是20世紀(jì)40年 代后期由專業(yè)科學(xué)儀器轉(zhuǎn) 變?yōu)樯虡I(yè)產(chǎn)品的.; [28:06.41]那么,是誰促成了這種轉(zhuǎn) 變的呢?; [28:10.66]A:A lot of people have claimed credit; [28:14.32]and there is a bit controversy over this concept.; [28:17.93]What really happened was people who built these early computers conceived of the idea; [28:24.04]of storing the program the instructions that tell the computer what to do internally,; [28:29.92]in its own memory. It is a very ingenious idea that seems obvious in retrospect.; [28:37.90]問:賽盧奇先生,在你所著 的《現(xiàn)代計(jì)算史》中， 你論述了經(jīng)濟(jì)和冷戰(zhàn)對(duì)計(jì) 算的影響。; [28:47.68]那么，你在書中寫到了 哪些影響呢?; [28:52.10]A:We, today, enjoy a wealth of consumer products that use silicon chips; [28:58.39]that cost sometimes a few dollars. I have one on my wristwatch.; [29:04.38]Our pocket calculators cost a few dollars, or are even given away.; [29:10.50]It is hard to imagine that the first silicon chips were very delicate,; [29:16.03]very expensive devices.; [29:19.23]No one was quite sure if they were going to work at all.; [29:23.65]But, the United States Air Force faced a problem of trying; [29:27.96]to miniaturize guidance electronics for its missiles; [29:31.63]and entered into a number of contracts; [29:34.31]with companies that were making silicon chips; [29:37.68]and the result was they improved the reliability.; [29:41.81]They allowed the companies to set up production lines; [29:45.31]that eventually drove down the cost. So, today's two-dollar calculator; [29:51.36]is the product of a multi-million dollar air force project of the early 1960s.; [29:59.10]問:在計(jì)算機(jī)科技領(lǐng)域, 最大的公司顯然是國際商 務(wù)機(jī)器公司,即IBM公司.; [30:08.77]那么IBM公司有哪些功過 是非呢?; [30:13.31]A:IBM was a manufacturer of punch cards,; [30:17.55]equipment that used mechanical readers,and electro-magnetic replays; [30:22.79]and they were very, very successful. Around the late 1940s; [30:29.31]they saw these experimental electronic computers coming along; [30:33.39]and they made a very brilliant decision to go with the electronic computer.; [30:39.68]It sounds obvious in hindsight. But, if you were there at the time,; [30:46.37]it might have seemed a very, very risky decision.; [30:51.43]But, they did it and they became dominant in the computer industry.; [30:57.02]That domination lasted right up into the 1980s until a little upstart company; [31:04.59]called Microsoft came along and a few other companies came along.; [31:09.60]That kind of knocked them out of that position because they failed to see; [31:14.66]that the little personal computers,; [31:17.28]which were kind of hobbyist kits in the early days, were going to have; [31:21.64]such an enormous potential once the bugs were ironed out of them.; [31:27.06]問:賽盧奇先生,我的最后 一個(gè)問題是,當(dāng)今計(jì)算機(jī) 面臨的主要問題是什么?; [31:35.91]A:There used to be big problems of reliability,; [31:39.75]just getting them to work at all. Now, they work.; [31:44.40]They are reliable and relatively cheap. Now, the problems of politics; [31:50.29]and the social uses of computers have sort of bubbled up to the surface,; [31:55.29]now that those other problems have been taken care of.; [31:59.07]So, we have questions of monopoly use,; [32:03.38]or domination of the infrastructure of computers and communications,; [32:08.10]censorship on the Internet,; [32:10.43]the relationship of the Internet to more traditional forms of communication; [32:15.14]and information — like newspapers and radio.; [32:18.92]These are all political issues, really.; [32:23.41]Passage 2 English-Chinese Alternating Interpretation; [32:29.81]Text Interpreting Listen to the tape; [32:34.06]and interpret the following passage alternatively into English and Chinese.; [32:40.99]Q:China has held many cultreal exchange activities in Europe; [32:45.85]and other parts of the word.; [32:47.26]The coming China Culture Week in London is the largest cultural exhibition; [32:52.03]of its kind.May I know the purpose of staging such an exhibition?; [32:57.63]答:我們已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了一個(gè) 新的千年.文化周是慶祝 新紀(jì)元到來的大型活動(dòng)之 一.; [33:06.07]我們還希望這次展覽能幫 助英國人民以及來自世界 其他地區(qū)的人們了解中國 的今昔.; [33:14.83]同時(shí),文化周也是東西方 文化的一次溝通,; [33:19.47]我們希望這次活動(dòng)能夠促 進(jìn)中英兩國和兩國文化之 間的交流和了解,縮短?hào)| 西方之間的差距.; [33:29.62]Q:What will be displayed winthin the seven short days?; [33:34.94]答:我們選擇了一些反映 中國文化精髓的主題,有 古代的,也有現(xiàn)代的,活動(dòng) 分成展覽和表演兩大類.; [33:45.77]Q:Could you tell be displayed within the seven short days?; [33:49.62]答:我們要展示的內(nèi)容包 括中國在教育、文化、 建筑和科技方面所取得的 成就，; [33:58.89]介紹首都北京和東方明珠 上海的新貌。我們還要展 出中國陶器、京劇戲裝、; [34:07.59]中國編鐘和中國出土文物 的精品。; [34:11.72]最后一場(chǎng)展覽將展示被聯(lián) 合國科教文組織列入世界 遺產(chǎn)名錄的21處景點(diǎn)及其 圖片和物品，; [34:22.83]如莫高窟復(fù)制品、出土于 秦始皇陵的青銅戰(zhàn)車等。; [34:29.58]Q:What about the performance?What do we ecpect to see?; [34:36.67]答:在展出期間我們將安 排三場(chǎng)演出,; [34:41.75]有編鐘音樂會(huì),有民間歌 舞演出,有中國歷史上各 朝代的服飾表演和現(xiàn)代的 服裝表演。; [34:52.80]Q:Most of British people have little knowledge of Chinese chimes.; [34:57.77]Could you take a few minutes and introduce your chimes to us?; [35:03.01]答：編鐘是我們古人所用 的一種嚴(yán)肅樂器。將要展 出的編鐘是1978年出土 的。; [35:13.00]研究表明，這些編鐘為 戰(zhàn)國早期的禮儀樂器，; [35:18.70]大約出自2400年前偉大思 想家孔子和偉大詩人屈原 生活的時(shí)代。; [35:27.79]Q:How many chimes will be displayed?; [35:32.59]答:你們將看到65個(gè)編鐘, 全是以青銅鑄造,八音度 的音域很寬,是音域最 寬、定音最全的大樂器。; [35:44.93]每個(gè)編鐘都可以發(fā)出有著 不同高低音的兩種音調(diào)，; [35:50.73]這表明當(dāng)時(shí)人們已具有高 水平的音樂表演能力和高 超的樂器制作工藝。; [35:58.32]與這些編鐘同時(shí)出土的還 有其他124種古樂器,如瑟 笙、簫、鼓。這次我們帶 了一部分古代樂器參展。; [36:13.11]Q:How do these chimes sound to the modern ear?; [36:18.58]答：編鐘可以很好地同中 國民樂隊(duì)協(xié)秦，也能和諧 地同西文交響樂隊(duì)協(xié)秦。; [36:27.90]中國編鐘樂團(tuán)選擇、整理 和重新編排了一些古樂 作品。; [36:34.60]有些參加演出的樂器年代 甚至比編鐘還要久遠(yuǎn)， 如3000年前商代的青銅鼓 和8000年前的蕪陽骨哨。; [36:48.05]Q:what about the Peking Opera costumes to be displayed?; [36:53.91]答：歐洲是交響樂之鄉(xiāng)， 是許多杰出作曲家的搖 籃。中國也有歌劇， 那就是京劇。; [37:05.29]京劇起源于200年清朝時(shí) 期的北京。京劇是一種集 歌劇表演、歌唱、音樂、; [37:15.39]舞蹈和武術(shù)于一體的表演 藝術(shù)。我們的服裝展覽會(huì) 將展示這個(gè)“東方歌劇 ”歷時(shí)200年的發(fā)展史，; [37:25.83]以及源自清朝后期的舞臺(tái) 服飾。服飾設(shè)計(jì)采用了夸 張性和象征性的手法， 色彩明亮鮮艷，; [37:36.55]用料獨(dú)特，裁剪別致。 另一場(chǎng)展覽將展出600套 服飾，其中有秦漢以來不 同朝代的古裝，; [37:47.10]有我國少數(shù)民族服裝， 也有現(xiàn)代服飾。我國大陸 的名模將登臺(tái)表演，; [37:54.74]展示我國服裝業(yè)和服裝 設(shè)計(jì)師的成就。; [37:59.77]Q:Thank you very much for the introduction.; [38:02.95]I wish the coming China Culture Week a complete success.; [38:08.25]答：謝謝，我期待著在展 覽會(huì)與您再次見面。; [38:14.16]Extra Text for practice; [38:17.35]Passage 1 Chinese-English Alternating Interpretation; [38:23.32]Listen to the tape; [38:24.71]and interpret the following passage alternatively into English and Chinese:; [38:32.13](加拿大通信專家馬歇 爾.邁克盧漢一生中從未 碰過個(gè)人電腦.; [38:40.00]邁克盧漢于1979年逝世, 他對(duì)媒體的研究以及他對(duì) 人們和社會(huì)的影響至今仍 發(fā)揮著作用.; [38:51.28]美國高科技專家保羅.列 文森與邁克盧漢教授相 識(shí),; [38:57.08]他在自己所著的《數(shù)字化 的邁克盧漢:; [39:00.88]進(jìn)入信息化千年的引導(dǎo) 者》一書中探討了邁克盧 漢對(duì)媒體的研究以及他對(duì) 大眾和社會(huì)的影響.; [39:10.48]以下是對(duì)保羅.列文森的 一次采訪); [39:15.44]問:列文森先生,你在所著 的《數(shù)字化的邁克盧漢:; [39:21.03]進(jìn)入信息化千年的引導(dǎo) 者》一書中探討了 馬歇爾.邁克盧漢對(duì)媒體 的研究; [39:27.89]以及他對(duì)大眾和社會(huì)的影 響.邁克盧漢教授是一位 來自加拿大的通訊專家,; [39:35.65]一生中他從未碰過個(gè)人 電腦.可他為什么會(huì)是一 名如此重要的人物呢?; [39:43.35]A:He did his writing in the decades of 1950s through 1970s. And those decades,; [39:52.17]of course,were the first years of television.; [39:55.35]He was the first thinker to really look at television; [39:59.31]as something that had a serious impact upon our society.; [40:04.05]Interestingly,although he was writing about television,; [40:08.46]an enormous amount of what he said has even more applicability to the Internet age.; [40:14.77]For example,he said that television was turning the world into a global village.; [40:22.25]What he meant by that is that when everyone watches the same thing; [40:26.82]on the television screen,; [40:29.50]that group which is watching the television program is a community of sorts.; [40:35.25]It's like the people in a village all hearing and seeing the same thing.; [40:40.83]In contrast,now in the new millennium, when people communicate on the web,; [40:47.53]and through the Internet, they are not only doing and hearing; [40:52.39]and seeing the same thing, they are also participating,; [40:56.74]communicating among each other.; [40:59.86]So,the notion of village becomes much more meaningful; [41:04.16]and real in our digital age.; [41:07.23]問:所不同的是電視是一 種單向的媒體,而因特網(wǎng) 是雙響的.; [41:14.88]A:That's right. There is the crucial difference right there.; [41:20.40]Most media in the 20th century,in fact all of the major media of the 20th century— radio,; [41:27.99]motion pictures, television — were and are like newspapers and books:; [41:33.91]one-way medi-a. The telephone, which of course was invented in 1876,; [41:41.11]is a two-way medium. But, it is a two-way personal medium.; [41:46.75]There is nothing public,; [41:49.48]or there shouldn't be much public about a telephone conversation.; [41:54.28]What makes the Internet so different is that it is public; [41:58.63]but it is also interactive and two-way.; [42:03.15]問:我們?cè)趺礃觼泶_保我 們所擁有的是一個(gè)地球村 而不是一個(gè)國際貧民 窟呢?; [42:10.63]因?yàn)橐蛱鼐W(wǎng)可能有危險(xiǎn). 一說起村莊,我就想到這 是一個(gè)友好的地方.; [42:18.84]而因特網(wǎng)并不是一個(gè)不折 不扣的友善之地,是嗎?; [42:24.86]A:The village itself we might think of as being friendly.; [42:29.72]But even with traditional villages,; [42:32.73]I'm sure a fair share of villages had one or two psychotic persons.; [42:38.82]So, the Internet is really a magnification of human life.; [42:43.78]So unsurprisingly,yes, there are some nut cases on the Internet.; [42:50.03]There are hackers and other types of criminals on the Internet; [42:54.44]and we do have to work hard to be aware of those problems; [42:59.30]and do what we can to keep them in check. At the same time,; [43:04.66]we have to resist the temptation of turning the Internet into a police state; [43:10.07]or into an arena where the rights and freedoms; [43:13.92]that we enjoy off line are curtailed online in the interest of keeping it safe.; [43:20.39]There is always that sort of balance. Yes, we want it to be safe,; [43:26.70]but, yes, we also want it to be free.; [43:31.45]問:馬歇爾.邁克盧漢看到 了一個(gè)人人都能成為出版 商的時(shí)代.他指的是復(fù) 印機(jī).; [43:40.32]今天,我們有了因特網(wǎng), 它能使每個(gè)人都成為出色 的出版者,但不是編輯.; [43:48.30]人人都是出版者,但周圍 卻沒有編輯,難道這不是 一個(gè)問題嗎?; [43:54.77]A: The traditional value of the editor is in some way to stipulate; [44:00.58]and vouch for the quality of the publication.; [44:04.43]Yes,there is a concern that when anyone can put anything on a web page; [44:10.85]there is no safeguard for the quality. But, on the other hand,; [44:16.09]and there is always another hand,; [44:18.83]I think the reason why McLuhan celebrated first the Xerox,; [44:23.96]allowing every author to be a publisher, and why I'm now so pleased; [44:29.38]that the web is even expanding and amplifying that,; [44:34.06]is there is also the danger of editors keeping out of the mixed; [44:39.25]things that are good. What the web does is it removes the middleman; [44:46.29]and allows the creator to communicate directly with his or her audience,; [44:51.42]and on balance I think that's a good thing. There will be more trash available.; [44:58.51]But,there will also be more treasure; [45:00.91]that would otherwise be hidden from public view.; [45:05.99]Passage 2 English-Chinese Alternating Interpretation; [45:13.08]Listen to the tape; [45:14.97]and interpret the following passage alternatively into Chinese and English :; [45:31.10]Q:Almost all modern operas originated from some kind of ancient performing art.; [45:40.15]答：是的，歌劇是由原始 歌舞發(fā)展而來，包括祭祀 神靈、祖先以及慶祝豐 收和勝利的歌舞。; [45:51.75]據(jù)歷史記載，取悅王公貴 族的專業(yè)藝術(shù)家早在春秋 戰(zhàn)國時(shí)期便已出現(xiàn)。; [46:00.35]西漢時(shí)期，宮廷和民間盛 行舞蹈、音樂、雜技和手 技等表演。; [46:08.55]以后出現(xiàn)了歌舞劇，并加 入動(dòng)作和對(duì)話來表現(xiàn) 劇情。; [46:16.64]Q:As for as I hnow, Chinese operas first appeared in the south.; [46:23.23]答：不完全對(duì),這樣說吧, 宋、金時(shí)期出現(xiàn)了雜劇， 其中最為突出是南劇， 通常叫作南戲，; [46:35.06]主要出現(xiàn)在閩浙一帶。 現(xiàn)代戲劇帶有一些明顯的 南戲成分。; [46:42.88]元朝的雜劇達(dá)到盛鼎時(shí) 期，出現(xiàn)了一大批經(jīng)典作 品和杰出的劇作家。; [46:51.75]到了明朝，雜劇分化成不 同的地方戲劇，有著不同 的唱腔。; [46:58.84]Q：The life of drama lies in its development and renovation.; [47:05.76]答：完全正確。中國戲劇 到了清朝更加繁榮，同時(shí) 也進(jìn)一步地區(qū)化，產(chǎn)生了 不同的唱腔，; [47:16.14]如高腔、昆腔、秦腔、 梆子、二黃、西皮等。; [47:23.17]到了清朝中期，北京的戲 班子將二黃和西皮融合起 來，同時(shí)還采用了其他唱 腔的一些成分，; [47:34.84]推出了一種新的皮黃調(diào)， 就是現(xiàn)在京劇的前身。; [47:41.09]Q:What attributes to the sustained popularity; [47:44.83]of traditional Chinese operas?; [47:48.73]答：在長(zhǎng)期的發(fā)展過程 中，中國戲劇形成了鮮明 的民族特色，受到廣大群 眾的歡迎，; [47:58.33]也得到政府強(qiáng)有力的 支持。自1949年以來， 中國傳統(tǒng)戲劇得到了前 所未有的發(fā)展，; [48:08.21]全國各地現(xiàn)有劇團(tuán) 1,573個(gè),演員達(dá)到86,000 多名,其中京劇團(tuán)為135個(gè) 京劇演員11,000左右.; [48:23.89]Q:In the west,operas are losing young audiences,What is the situation in China?; [48:31.59]答:在變化了的生活方式 和大眾傳媒的沖擊下,傳 統(tǒng)戲劇在一些大城市失去 了許多年輕的觀眾.; [48:42.31]但是,傳統(tǒng)戲劇依然是最 受我國人民歡迎的娛樂活 動(dòng)之一.;

00:00

00:00

MP3下載 文本下載