英語口譯教程(第二版)--高級 06

[00:01.00]英語高級口譯資格證書考 試 高級口譯教程第二版 第六盒; [00:41.30]Unit Fourteen Foreign Policy Text for Interpretation; [00:52.70]Passage 1 Chines-English Interpretation Text Interpreting; [01:03.93]Listen to the tape and interpret the following passage from Chinese into English:; [01:13.45]女士們、先生們： 當今世界正處于復雜的大 變革時期。; [01:21.32]國際形勢總體趨于緩和， 通過和平談判解決爭端的 傾向明顯增強。; [01:30.39]多極化趨勢進一步發(fā)展， 廣大發(fā)展中國家在國際事 務中發(fā)揮著積極的作用。; [01:39.93]經(jīng)濟因素在國際事務中的 作用日益突出。維護世界 和平，促進經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，是 世界各國人民的共同愿望; [01:52.42]然而影響穩(wěn)定的不確定因 素依然存在，霸權(quán)主義和 強權(quán)政治不愿退出舞臺。; [02:02.02]局部地區(qū)的武裝沖突時有 爆發(fā)，天下仍不太平。許 多發(fā)展中國家仍然為經(jīng)濟 困難所困擾，; [02:13.97]發(fā)達國家和發(fā)展中國家之 間的差距繼續(xù)擴大。 世界和平與發(fā)展面臨著無 數(shù)挑戰(zhàn)。; [02:24.55]我國奉行和平的獨立外交 政策。; [02:29.71]我國積極的外交活動不僅 有助于為中國繼續(xù)進行改 革與開放創(chuàng)造一個良好的 國際環(huán)境，; [02:39.13]而且也為維護世界和平、 促進共同繁榮作出了 貢獻。; [02:46.28]但是，由于國際舞臺上經(jīng) 常出現(xiàn)的新情況和新問 題，我國外交工作面臨著 艱難的局面。; [02:56.78]因此，繼續(xù)為國內(nèi)現(xiàn)代化 建設營造一個有利的國際 和平環(huán)境，繼續(xù)為經(jīng)濟發(fā) 展、改革和開放服務，; [03:07.42]仍然是我國外交工作的基 本目標。 我國積極參與外交活動，; [03:15.97]堅決維護聯(lián)合國憲章的宗 旨和原則，維護聯(lián)合國在 國際和平與發(fā)展事務中的 主導地位，; [03:25.60]旗幟鮮明地反對“人權(quán)高 于主權(quán)”等新干涉主義謬 論，樹立了堅持原則、 主持公道、伸張正義、; [03:36.04]維護和平、促進發(fā)展的良 好形象。; [03:40.90]我國和外國政府領導人之 間的互訪推動了雙邊關系 的發(fā)展。; [03:48.70]我國同周邊國家的睦鄰友 好關系繼續(xù)深入發(fā)展， 同發(fā)展中國家的高層往 來增多，; [03:57.56]同西方國家的關系繼續(xù)得 到改善。我國同世界各國 的貿(mào)易往來日益擴大，經(jīng) 濟技術(shù)合作領域不斷拓寬; [04:09.39]我國積極參與國際事務， 在和平解決國際爭端、推 動全球和區(qū)域性經(jīng)濟合作 等方面，發(fā)揮了重要作用; [04:21.76]展望未來，我國政府將繼 續(xù)堅定不移地奉行獨立自 主的和平外交政策，; [04:31.45]同世界各國建立和發(fā)展友 好關系，反對霸權(quán)主義和 強權(quán)政治，維護世界和 平，推動社會發(fā)展，; [04:43.05]促進人類進步。我國將始 終不渝地招待睦鄰友好政 策，; [04:50.35]愿意同所有的周邊國家在 廣泛領域里進行友好合 作。; [04:56.79]我們將繼續(xù)加強同廣大發(fā) 展中國家的團結(jié)與合作， 加強在雙邊和國際事務中 的磋商，; [05:06.30]進一步增進業(yè)已存在的友 好關系，共同維護發(fā)展中 國家的權(quán)益。; [05:13.25]我們希望在相互尊重、互 不干涉內(nèi)政、平等互利的 基礎上，繼續(xù)改善和發(fā)展 同西方國家的關系，; [05:23.92]增進交往，保持經(jīng)貿(mào)合作 的發(fā)展勢頭。 我國的是維護世界和平與 穩(wěn)定的強大力量，; [05:33.87]不會對任何國家構(gòu)成威 脅。我國愿意通過平等對 話和以雙邊談判的方式解 決爭議問題。; [05:43.53]我們認為，國家不分大小 強弱，都是國際社會中平 等的一員，都有權(quán)選擇自 己的社會制度和發(fā)展道路; [05:55.87]我們不把自己的社會制度 和意識形態(tài)強加給別國，; [06:01.54]也堅決反對別國把他們的 社會制度和意識形態(tài)強加 給我們，; [06:08.30]我們主張在平等互利的基 礎上積極開展國際經(jīng)貿(mào)科 技合作，反對各種 不平等和歧視性的做法。; [06:20.44]我們主張各國在和平共處 五項原則和其他公認的國 際關系準則的基礎上，; [06:28.87]建立和平、穩(wěn)定、公正、 合理的國際政治經(jīng)濟新秩 序。我國一貫致力于和平 與發(fā)展的崇高事業(yè)，; [06:39.87]愿意同世界各國一道， 為建設一個和平、穩(wěn)定、 繁榮、美好的新世界而作 出不懈的努力。; [06:51.86]Passage 2 English-Chinese Interpretation Text interpreting; [07:05.18]Listen to the tape and interpret the following passage from English into Chinese:; [07:15.32]Ladies and gentlemen,; [07:18.39]It's my pleasure this morning to outline the most important instruments; [07:23.13]of modern American foreign policy,namely, diplomacy, the United Nations,; [07:30.58]the international monetary structure, economic aid, collective security,; [07:37.88]and military deterrence. An understanding of these instruments,I believe,; [07:45.04]will help you further understand the conduct of American foreign policy.; [07:50.70]The utmost purpose of American foreign policy is to defend national sovereignty; [07:57.80]and national interests. In light of the history; [08:01.97]and development of American values, diplomacy has been regarded as; [08:07.39]the most important instrument to which all other instruments must be subordinated.; [08:13.68]Its purpose is to promote national values or interests by peaceful means.; [08:20.84]However, diplomacy, by its very nature,; [08:25.46]is often overshadowed by spectacular international events, dramatic initiatives,; [08:33.36]and meetings among heads of state. Worse still,; [08:38.78]traditional American distrust of diplomacy continues today,albeit in weaker form.; [08:47.34]Impatience with or downright distrust of diplomacy has been built; [08:54.17]not only into all the other instruments of foreign policy; [08:58.10]but also into the modern presidential system itself. Due to the time limit,; [09:04.90]I'm not going to talk about this problem in any extensive way.; [09:09.90]The utility of the United Nations to the United States as an instrument; [09:15.30]of foreign policy can too easily be underestimated.; [09:20.04]Over the years since its founding in 1945,; [09:24.99]the United Nations has been more or less a servant of American interests.; [09:31.55]The most spectacular examples were the official U. N. authorization; [09:37.48]and sponsorship of intervention in the "troubled spots"of the world; [09:42.67]with an international peacekeeping force.; [09:46.21]Consider this fact:The United States provides an average quarter of the U. N. budget.; [09:53.19]Many Americans feel the United Nations does not give good va- lue for the investment; [10:01.12]But any evaluation of the United Nations must take into account the purpose; [10:07.62]for which the United States sought to create it: power without diplomacy.; [10:13.73]In many cases, a victory of the United Nations is a victory of the United States.; [10:21.00]In recent years, however, with the growing position of China; [10:25.20]and some other countries in international diplomacy,; [10:28.96]the United States can no longer control U.N. decisions as it did before.; [10:34.98]But the United Nations will continue to function; [10:38.59]as a useful instrument of American foreign policy.; [10:43.15]The World Bank was set up to finance long-term capital.; [10:48.55]Leading nations took on the obligation of contributing funds to enable the World Bank; [10:55.31]to make loans to capital-hungry countries.; [10:59.16]The U.S.quota has been about one-third of the total.; [11:04.29]The IMF (the International Monetary Fund) was set up to; [11:09.98]provide for the short-term flow of money and lend dollars; [11:14.24]to needy member countries to help them overcome temporary trade deficits.; [11:19.88]The United States also has a big role in financing the IMF.; [11:25.93]American commitment to rebuilding war-torn countries; [11:30.61]came as early as its commitment to the postwar international monetary structure.; [11:36.60]Enacting American foreign aid constitut- es part of the Americ- an foreign policy.; [11:42.80]During the last fifty years, the geographic emphasis of American economic aid shifted; [11:50.31]from assisting the reconstruction and recovery of western Europe,; [11:54.69]to Southeast Asia, and then to what became known as the Third World.; [12:01.40]Many critics have argued that foreign aid is really aid for the minority political; [12:07.51]and economic elites, not for the people.; [12:10.34]A much more important critique is that American foreign economic assistance; [12:16.22]has failed to contribute fully to American interests; [12:20.27]because its administration is often put outside the State Department.; [12:25.96]The United States gives great importance to regional collective security agreements.; [12:32.91]This country has entered a number of collective security treaties,; [12:38.07]both multilateral and bilateral.; [12:41.35]A typical example is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).; [12:47.96]Americans realize that the United States cannot meet its world obligation; [12:54.22]through the United Nations and economic structures alone.; [12:58.84]There is a need for military alliance; [13:01.95]with other countries for national and world security.; [13:05.82]Consequently, the United States has consistently devoted; [13:12.41]at least 6 percent of its gross national product to defense.; [13:16.16]Military deterrence was a product of US-Soviet confrontation; [13:22.48]since the end of World War 11, when the traditional American strategy; [13:27.79]of "demobilization in peace and remobiliza-tion in war " was broken.; [13:34.38]However, the size of the defense budget has not been central to the consideration; [13:41.50]of deterrence as an instrument of foreign policy.; [13:44.30]What is important is the advanced military technology,; [13:48.54]which is regarded by most congressmen as the primary deterrence in the world.; [13:55.27]Although Republicans and Democrats look at the world somewhat differently,; [14:01.03]and although each president has tried to impose a distinctive flavor; [14:05.49]of his own on foreign policy,they have all made use of these basic instruments.; [14:11.79]They all understand that power plus diplomacy is the best solution; [14:17.40]to the problem of controlling conflict among the distrustful nations of the world.; [14:23.49]Extra Text for Practice; [14:32.25]Passage 1 Chinese-English Interpretation; [14:39.78]Listen to the tape and interpret the following passage from Chinese into English:; [14:50.03]女士們，先生們： 當前，國際局勢正在發(fā)生 深刻的變化。; [14:57.48]冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束以來，世界形勢 總體趨向緩和。各國人民 要和平、求穩(wěn)定、謀發(fā)展 的呼聲日益高漲。; [15:08.89]但是,天下仍很不太平.霸 權(quán)主義、強權(quán)政治在國際 政治、經(jīng)濟和安全領域中 依然存在,并有新的發(fā)展.; [15:23.23]一些大國奉行新的“炮艦 政策”和新的經(jīng)濟殖民主 義，; [15:29.65]使許多中小國家的主權(quán)獨 立和發(fā)展利益遭到嚴重的 損害，使世界和平與 國際安全受到威脅。; [15:40.99]為了維護世界和平，促進 共同發(fā)展，; [15:45.59]所有國家都必須嚴格尊循 世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭以來所 形成的國際關系基本 準則，; [15:54.82]包括和平共處五項原則和 《聯(lián)合國憲章》的宗旨和 原則。; [16:01.18]任何國家都不能無法無 天、肆意違背和踐踏這些 原則。國家不分大小強 弱，; [16:11.22]都是國際社會的平等成 員，各國的事情由務國 人民自己做主，國際上的 事情要由大家商量解決。; [16:21.99]這是一切愛好和平國家和 人民的共同意志，也是不 可阻擋的歷史潮流。; [16:30.42]開展國際經(jīng)濟交往，應該 堅持平等互利、共同發(fā) 展。制定國際經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易領 域的新規(guī)則，; [16:41.61]應該充分反映發(fā)展中國家 的合理要求，注意保障它 們的正當權(quán)益，發(fā)達國家 應該也有能力承擔更義務; [16:54.21]任何國家都不得利用自己 的優(yōu)勢在經(jīng)濟全球化中謀 取特權(quán)和損害別國的 利益。; [17:03.95]附加政治條件的經(jīng)濟合作 和援助從來不受歡迎，形 形色色的貿(mào)易保護主義既 危害別人，; [17:13.94]最終也會損害自己。這種 歷史的教訓不應忘記。南 北經(jīng)濟差距不斷拉大的惡 性趨勢，; [17:25.54]應該引起高度的重視，應 采取切實有效的措施逐步 加以解決。否則，窮國愈 窮，富國愈富，; [17:36.70]不僅發(fā)展中國家的經(jīng)濟發(fā) 展會受到影響，發(fā)達國 家也難以實現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定的經(jīng) 濟增長。; [17:46.18]維護世界安全，必須徹底 擯棄冷戰(zhàn)思維，; [17:51.98]努力把國際社會的持久和 平建立在促進務國相互信 任和共同利益的新安全觀 的基礎上。; [18:01.49]應該通過對話增進信任， 通過合作謀求安全，相互 尊重主權(quán)，和平解決 爭端。; [18:11.48]維護民族尊嚴和國家獨 立，自主選擇本國的社 會制度、發(fā)展道路和生活 方式，; [18:20.06]不容許外來勢力干涉同 政，是各國人民的神圣 權(quán)利，; [18:26.70]也是發(fā)展中國家走向繁榮 昌盛的重要前提和根本 保障。; [18:33.74]中國的現(xiàn)代化建設，需要 一個長期的和平國際環(huán)境 和良好的周邊環(huán)境。; [18:42.30]中國的發(fā)展與穩(wěn)定，中國 周邊地區(qū)的和平與繁榮，; [18:47.71]以及執(zhí)照和平共處五項原 則建立和維護地區(qū)安全新 秩序，是亞洲各國的共同 利益之所在，; [18:57.23]也是中國的根本利益之 所在。中國堅持奉行獨立 自主的和平外交政策和防 御性的國防政策。; [19:09.25]中國的發(fā)展不會對任何國 家構(gòu)成威脅，只會有利于 地區(qū)和世界的和平與 繁榮。; [19:18.55]今后中國發(fā)達起來了， 也將矢志不渝地奉行獨立 自主的和平外交政策，; [19:26.64]堅定不移地同廣大發(fā)展中 國家以及一切愛好和平的 國家和人民站在一起。 “已所不欲，勿施于人”。; [19:38.71]中國堅決反對霸權(quán)主義和 強權(quán)政治。中國永遠不稱 霸，這是中國政府和人民 對世界作出的莊嚴承諾。; [19:53.28]Passage 2 English-Chinese Interpretation; [20:01.32]Listen to the tape and interpret the following passage from English into Chinese:; [20:11.79]The American people deeply admire China for its thousands of years; [20:18.41]of contributions to culture and religion, to philosophy and art,; [20:23.70]to science and technology. Now we see China at a moment in history; [20:30.26]when your glorious past is matched by your present sweeping transformation; [20:35.92]and the even greater promise of your future.; [20:40.11]As the Chinese people have their values, we have our own.; [20:45.98]Americans share a fundamental conviction; [20:49.65]that people everywhere have the right to be treated with dignity,; [20:53.98]to give voice to their opinion, to choose their own leaders, to worship as they please; [21:01.35]We must also admit that we in America are not blameless in our social fabric —; [21:08.02]our crime rate is too high; too many of our children are still killed with guns;; [21:14.41]too many of our streets are still riddled with drugs.; [21:18.77]We have things to learn from other soci- eties as well,and pro- blems we have to solve; [21:25.82]And if we expect other people to listen to us about the problems they have,; [21:32.10]we must be prepared to listen to them about the problems we have.; [21:37.41]The U.S. China policy is one of pragmatic nature.; [21:43.28]This pragmatic policy of engagement, of expanding our areas of cooperation with China; [21:50.76]while confronting our differences openly and respectfully —; [21:55.39]this is the best way to advance our fundamental interests and our values; [22:00.72]and to promote a more open and free China. I know there are those who disagree.; [22:08.44]They insist that China's interests and America's are inexorably in conflict; [22:16.58]They do not believe the Chinese system will continue to evolve; [22:21.52]in a way that elevates not only human material condition,but also the human spirit.; [22:28.46]They,therefore,believe we should be working harder to contain; [22:33.04]or even to confront China before it becomes even stronger.; [22:38.70]I believe this view is wrong. Isolation of China is unworkable, counterproductive,; [22:47.23]and potentially dangerous. Military, political,; [22:51.93]and economic measures to do such a thing would find little support among; [22:57.12]our allies around the world. Isolation would encourage the Chinese to become hostile; [23:04.03]and to adopt policies of conflict with our own interests and values.; [23:10.30]It will eliminate, not facilitate,cooperation on weapons proliferation.; [23:17.09]It would hinder, not help, our efforts to foster stability in Asia,; [23:23.97]It would exacerbate, not ameliorate, the plight of dissidents.; [23:30.00]It would close off,not open up, one of the world's most important markets.; [23:36.79]It would make China less, not more,; [23:40.10]likely to play by the rules of international conduct; [23:43.74]and to be a part of an emerging international consensus.; [23:48.34]As always,America must be prepared to live and flourish; [23:53.76]in a world in which we are at odds with China But that is not the world we want.; [24:00.12]Our objective is not containment and conflict; it is cooperation.; [24:06.39]We will far better serve our interests and our principles; [24:10.43]if we work with a China that shares that objective with us.; [24:14.68]By working with China and making our difference clear where necessary,; [24:20.27]we can advance our interests and our values; [24:23.89]and China's historic transformation into a nation whose greatness is defined as much; [24:30.13]by its future as its past. Change may not come as quickly as we would like,; [24:37.46]but, as our interests are long-term, so must our policies be.; [24:43.34]We have an opportunity to build a new century in which China takes its rightful place; [24:50.47]as a full and strong partner in the community of nations,; [24:54.63]working with the United States to advance peace and prosperity,; [24:59.91]freedom and security for both our peoples and for all the world.; [25:05.65]I hope China will more fully embrace this mandate.; [25:10.31]For all the grandeur of your history, I believe your greatest days are still ahead.; [25:16.68]Against great odds in the 20th century China has not only survived,; [25:22.41]it is moving forward dramatically. As you build a new China,; [25:27.70]America wants to build a new relationship with you.; [25:31.96]We want China to be successful, secure and open,; [25:36.02]working with us for a more peaceful and prosperous world.; [25:49.43]Unit fifteen International Relations; [26:05.51]Text for Interpretation; [26:10.31]Passage 1 Chines-English Interpretation Text Interpreting; [26:20.68]Listen to the tape and interpret the following passage from Chinese into English:; [26:30.74]女士們，先生們： 人類已進入了一新的世紀 和新的千年。這是人類發(fā) 展史上的重要時刻。; [26:42.51]冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束以來，世界形勢 總體趨向緩和。各國人民 要和平、求穩(wěn)定、謀發(fā)展 的呼聲日益高漲。; [26:54.83]科學技術(shù)日新月異的發(fā) 展，為人類開發(fā)和利用 自然提供了空前巨大的 能力，; [27:03.34]也為人類自身能力的發(fā)展 開辟了廣闊的前景。但天 下仍很不太平，; [27:11.35]世界的和平與發(fā)展依然受 到這樣或那樣的威脅。; [27:16.91]強權(quán)政治和霸權(quán)主義在 國際政治、經(jīng)濟和安全領 域中依然存在并有新的發(fā) 展，地區(qū)沖突此起彼伏，; [27:29.23]南北發(fā)展差距繼續(xù)拉大， 環(huán)境惡化、武器擴散、 國際犯罪、恐怖主義等跨 國問題困擾著人類。; [27:40.84]如果我們不抓緊這一系列 重大問題，世界就難以發(fā) 展。; [27:47.70]何去何從，解決這些問題 主動權(quán)掌握在世界人民手 中。推動建立公正合理的 國際政治經(jīng)濟新秩序，; [27:58.87]是各國人民和有遠見的政 治家必須認真而審慎思考 的極其重大的課題。; [28:07.58]為維護世界和平，促進共 同發(fā)展，所有國家都必須 遵循公認的國際關系基本 原則，; [28:18.25]包括和平共處五項原則和 《聯(lián)合國憲章》的宗旨與 原則。各國的事情要由各 國人民做主，; [28:29.36]國際上的事情要由大家商 量解決。各國人民有權(quán)自 主選擇符合本國國情的社 會制度和發(fā)展道路，; [28:40.68]創(chuàng)造自己的生活。維護自 己國家的主權(quán)和安全，是 每個國家的政府和人民的 神圣權(quán)力與光榮職責，; [28:51.59]任何別的國家和國際組織 都應予以尊重，都無權(quán)進 行干預。; [28:58.50]處理國與國的關系超越社 會制度和意識形態(tài)的差 異，努力尋求共同利益的 匯合點，擴大互利合作，; [29:09.47]謀求共同發(fā)展。不能用一 種政治制度和發(fā)展模式去 規(guī)范世界。; [29:18.18]各個國家都應遵循世界豐 富多彩的原則，采取互相 學習、取長補短的積極態(tài) 度，以利共同發(fā)展。; [29:30.25]開展國際經(jīng)濟交往，應該 堅持平等互利。制定國際 經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易領域的新規(guī)則，; [29:39.61]應該充分反映經(jīng)濟技術(shù)還 不發(fā)達、處于弱勢地位的 廣大發(fā)展中國家的合理 要求，; [29:47.57]注意保障他們的正當利 益。第二次大戰(zhàn)以后許多 殖民地國家的人民獲得了 解放和獨立，; [29:58.29]這是人類社會在20世紀取 得最偉大的進步。這些國 家經(jīng)濟基礎薄弱，處于發(fā) 展的過程之中。; [30:08.35]離開甚至損害發(fā)展中國家 的利益，整個世界就不可 能穩(wěn)定，理不可能普遍繁 榮，; [30:17.26]就會帶來諸多困難、風險 和不公正不合理的現(xiàn)象， 最終發(fā)達國家也會受到 損害。; [30:27.73]我們希望各國的政治家都 能關注逐步解決南北差距 不斷拉大這一十分緊迫的 問題。; [30:37.24]這個問題不解決，必將對 全球經(jīng)濟的穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展產(chǎn) 生極大的負面效應，; [30:44.95]人類共同發(fā)展與繁榮的目 標就不可能實現(xiàn)。 維護國際安全，必須徹底 擯棄冷戰(zhàn)思維，; [30:56.32]努力把國際社會的持久和 建立在促進各國互相信任 和共同利益的新安全觀的 基礎上。; [31:06.38]應該通過國際社會的共同 努力，首先確立有利于世 界和平與穩(wěn)定，有利于各 國和平民發(fā)展的安全機制; [31:17.70]任何國家都不能把自己的 所謂安全建立在損害他國 安全利益的基礎上。; [31:25.36]應通過對話增進信任，通 過合作謀求安全，通過和 平手段解決爭端。; [31:35.77]Passage 2 English-Chinese Interpretation Text Interpreting; [31:48.34]Listen to the tape and interpret the following passage from English into Chinese:; [31:58.61]On the occasion of the 55th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations,; [32:05.27]it is necessary,in our discussion of the international relations,; [32:09.42]to review the past and explore the future mission of this world organization.; [32:14.78]Thanks to the formulation and adoption of the U. N. Charter in 1945; [32:21.14]and to the subsequent endeavors to put the Charter into practice,; [32:24.99]we have a clearer perception of the United Nations in a better light.; [32:29.70]The United Nations holds these to be its lofty purposes:; [32:34.06]to maintain international peace and security;; [32:37.61]to develop friendly relations among nations based on respects; [32:42.02]for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of the people;; [32:46.58]to achieve internatio- nal cooperation in solving international problems of economic,; [32:52.93]social, cultural or humanitarian nature;; [32:56.79]and to function as a center for harmonizing the actions of nations.; [33:02.50]The United Nations also commits itself to a number of sound principles, namely,; [33:08.40]sovereign equality of all member states;; [33:11.36]settlement of international disputes by peaceful means;; [33:15.52]refraining in international relations from the threat; [33:19.22]or use of force against the territorial integrity; [33:22.98]or political independ- ence of any state; and non-intervention in matters; [33:28.02]which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any state.; [33:32.81]These represent the minimum code of conduct to be held; [33:36.68]by sovereign states in international relations.; [33:40.40]The role of the United Nations has gained increasing importance; [33:44.96]since the end of the Cold War.; [33:47.41]The increasing prestige is due in part to the fact; [33:51.63]that the Security Council has recovered from the paralysis; [33:55.04]which resulted from the US-Soviet rivalry during the Cold War,; [33:59.53]a period when the two superpowers used their veto rights against each other,; [34:04.32]thereby incapacitating the Security Council. The West, as well as the developing world,; [34:11.02]has discovered that it needs the United Nations to achieve its objectives.; [34:16.81]In addition, many global problems, such as the proliferation of nuclear weapons,; [34:22.79]rapid population increase,the worsening environment, drugs and refugees,; [34:29.28]call for the entire international communi- ty to pool their effo- rts to find solutions.; [34:35.39]However, the United Nations faces a series of tough challcnges.; [34:40.84]One such challenge concerns the way in which the U.N.; [34:44.77]maintains its respect for state sovereignty; [34:47.37]while dealing with an increasing number of internal conflicts.; [34:51.44]In many cases,regional organizations cannot resolve regional conflicts.; [34:57.20]In the Cold War era, UN peace-keeping forces had two missions:; [35:02.31]to buffer conflicts and to implement agre- ements already reached between the parties.; [35:08.44]Now peace-keeping has turned into peace-enforcement.; [35:13.48]The United Nations has turned from handling international disputes into meddling; [35:18.76]in domestic affairs. Furthermore,; [35:21.66]peace-keeping does not necessarily need the prior approval of the countries concerned.; [35:28.00]Another problem facing this world organizati- -on is how to better handle relations; [35:34.17]between the United Nations and regional organizations.; [35:38.39]According to the UN Charter,; [35:40.45]regional organizations can play a role within the Charter and under UN coordination.; [35:47.03]But regional organizations such as NATO are playing a more important role; [35:52.43]than the United Nations in regional conflicts.; [35:55.92]We must recognize that the world today is diverse, manifold,; [36:00.97]colorful and rich in terms of culture.; [36:03.84]This should be an asset rather than a debt of humanity.; [36:08.10]It permeates all aspects of human rights, whether civil, political, economic,; [36:14.48]social or cultural.The world would be a much better place to live in; [36:19.74]if we respected cultural diversity, practiced tolerance; [36:24.06]and lived together in peace with one another as good neighbors.; [36:28.34]We hope that the United Nations will truly become a center; [36:32.53]for harmonizing actions of nations.; [36:35.13]We call for stronger efforts by the United Nations to harmonize cultures; [36:40.06]through dialogues and consultation,; [36:42.43]as well as to resist any attempt to build a mono-cultural world; [36:46.85]by means of political pressure and coer-; [36:50.07]The United Nations should take the opportunities opened up by the 21st century; [36:55.96]and meet the new challenges. We sincerely hope that under the firm support; [37:01.41]and close cooperation of its membership, a more just, reasonable; [37:05.88]and effective U.N.will emerge to tackle international issues; [37:10.46]and contribute more to the building of a better world.; [37:15.24]Extra Text for Practice; [37:19.73]Passage 1 Chinese-English Interpretation; [37:27.10]Listen to the tape and interpret the following passage from Chinese into English:; [37:38.34]和平與發(fā)展是全世界人民 的強烈愿望和迫切要求， 這一世界潮流是不可阻 擋的。; [37:49.55]但是有些大國打著 “人權(quán)”的旗幟，在 “人權(quán)高于主權(quán)”的新干 涉主義理論支持下，; [37:58.70]蔑視聯(lián)合國,踐踏國際 法、聯(lián)合國憲法章和國際 關系的準則，借口人權(quán)實 施霸權(quán)，踐踏主權(quán)，; [38:10.18]推行強權(quán)，嚴重威脅著世 界和平與發(fā)展。; [38:15.72]近年來，打撈干涉主義國 家集團明顯地加快了全球 戰(zhàn)略的調(diào)整步伐。; [38:23.89]一方面,它推出了所謂的 “北約戰(zhàn)略新概念”,將冷 戰(zhàn)時期的防御性軍事集團 轉(zhuǎn)變成了一個超地區(qū)行動; [38:35.22]進功性的軍事政治組織。 另一方面，它加強日美安 保體系，; [38:42.75]把日美“新防務合作指針 "擴大到適用日本"周邊 地區(qū)”，加緊研制“地區(qū) 導彈防御體系”，; [38:52.80]并計劃把我臺灣省涵蓋在 內(nèi)。這種全球戰(zhàn)略的調(diào)整 已明顯地給世界帶來了不 良影響。; [39:04.09]即一個單極世界的建立 在一定程度上阻擋多極世 界的發(fā)展，至少使多極化 格局的發(fā)展趨勢減緩。; [39:16.70]我們清楚地看到，在全球 化加快發(fā)展的形勢下出現(xiàn) 了許多全球共同性的問題 更需要一個協(xié)商協(xié)調(diào)機構(gòu); [39:27.96]國際法和國際關系準則是 人類文明的成果，是國際 社會秩序維系的基礎，; [39:35.98]是符合世界各國和各民族 根本利益的。作為體現(xiàn)和 維護這些原則的聯(lián)合國一 旦崩潰,世界將混亂無序,; [39:47.69]根本談不上世界和平與發(fā) 展。 然而，聯(lián)合國的威信和作 用已明顯下降。; [39:56.50]例如在處理一些地區(qū)危機 中，聯(lián)合國癱瘓無力，甚 至完全被拋開。; [40:04.89]這個最大的國際協(xié)調(diào)機制 面臨深刻危機。因此，我 們對這個國際組織不能寄 予過高的期望。; [40:15.13]在國際外交舞臺上，國際 關系始終離不開實力。弱 國無外交，落后要挨打。; [40:24.77]中國必須奮發(fā)圖強，增強 經(jīng)濟實力、國防實力和民 族凝聚力。; [40:32.53]中國作為國際大家庭中的 一員，以最積極的態(tài)度和 充分的信心，真誠地希望 看到全球經(jīng)濟的共同繁榮; [40:43.82]中國經(jīng)濟是世界經(jīng)濟不可 分割的一部分。一方面， 中國經(jīng)濟得益于世界經(jīng)濟 的共同繁榮，; [40:54.17]另一方面，中國經(jīng)濟的快 速增長和消費量的上升， 提供了巨大市場和更多的 就業(yè)機會，; [41:02.91]從而也為世界經(jīng)濟的共 同繁榮作出了貢獻。; [41:08.14]中國對外開放使其經(jīng) 濟納入了國際規(guī)則之中。 中國一貫遵守這些規(guī)則， 尊重國際慣例。; [41:18.68]中國除了同100多個國家 簽署了雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)協(xié)議之 外，還加入了100多個國 際公約組織。; [41:28.09]中國堅定不移地承擔其 所參加的國際公約和條約 所賦予的義務。; [41:35.74]女士們、先生們，人類正 處在維護世界和平、促進 共同發(fā)展的關鍵時刻。; [41:44.21]世界潮流，浩浩蕩蕩， 順之則昌，逆之則亡。 一切愛好和平、維護正義 的國家和人民，; [41:54.45]應該團結(jié)起來，為反對霸 權(quán)主義和強權(quán)政治，推動 建立公正合理的國際秩序 而共同努力。; [42:06.83]Passage 2 English-Chinese Interpretation; [42:14.78]Listen to the tape and interpret the following passage from English into Chinese:; [42:24.41]Our country assumes a practical and active posture in the pursuit of world peace.; [42:32.09]The United Nations has had no more consistent supporter; [42:36.84]than this country for its charter and the work of its specialized agencies.; [42:42.52]We take part in many UN activities and have served on many of its bodies,; [42:49.90]including the Security Council. Among the specialized agencies; [42:56.23]and subsidiary bodies we support are those assisting in development,; [43:01.57]food security, children, drug control and human rights.; [43:07.82]We have provided financial support,; [43:10.83]personnel and equipment for almost all major UN peacekee- ping activities,; [43:16.93]contributed our assessed share of the costs of all UN operations; [43:22.13]and made additional contributions.; [43:25.55]Our country is fully involved in UN disarm- ament,arms control and outer space work.; [43:32.71]We accept the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice; [43:37.41]and are active in development of the international law.; [43:41.44]Our country has been a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation; [43:46.95]and Development for almost 30 years.; [43:50.64]Global economic issues are among the core elements; [43:54.80]of post-Cold War international relations and like other countries,; [44:00.75]we give priority attention to these issues.; [44:04.18]Our increasing dependence on international trade; [44:07.94]and the effects of world economic conditions; [44:12.91]on our domestic economy have led to a sharpened focus; [44:15.37]on international trade issues in the pursuit of our foreign policy.; [44:20.62]Our economic and political future is linked closely with those of its Asian; [44:26.84]and other Pacific neighbors. Our trade, investment and technology transfer,; [44:33.33]in the form of joint ventures with such countries, continue to grow.; [44:38.76]Through regular, reciprocal,; [44:41.86]high-level exchanges of visits our close contact with their governments continues,; [44:47.48]particularly with the government of the People's Republic of China.; [44:51.76]We take the view that peace and prosperity; [44:55.25]in the Asia-Pacific region depend on the ability of the region's countries; [45:00.36]to cooperate to maintain economic growth and political stability.; [45:05.47]We are keen to ensure the stability and security of this region; [45:10.08]and to develop mutually profitable trade, investment,; [45:14.17]technological exchanges and cooperation.;

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